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Change in carbonate budget and composition during subduction below metal saturation boundary

Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第1期14卷 79-100页

作者： Anton Shatskiy Anton v.Arefiev Konstantin D.Litasov vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119991Russia vereshchagin Institute for High Pressure Physics Russian Academy of SciencesTroitskMoscow 108840Russia

It is generally accepted that carbonates can be subducted to the mantle depths,where they are reduced with iron metal to produce a *** this work,we found that this is not always the *** mantle carbonates from inclusions in diamonds show a wide range of cation compositions(Mg,Fe,ca,Na,and K).Here we studied the reaction kinetics of these carbonates with iron metal at 6-6.5 GPa and 1000-1500℃.We found that the reduction of carbonate with Fe produces C-bearing species(Fe,Fe-C melt,Fe_(3)C,F e_(7)C_(3),C)and wüistite containing Na_(2)O,caO,and *** reaction rate constants(k=△x^(2)/2t)are log-linear relative to 1/T and their temperature dependences are determined to be k_(MgcO_(3))(m^(2)/s)=4.37×10^(-3)exp[-251(kJ/mol)/RT]k_(caMg(CO_(3))2)(m^(2)/s)=1.48×10^(-3)exp[-264(kJ/mol)/RT]k_(cacO_(3))(m^(2)/s)=3.06×10^(-5)exp[-245(kJ/mol)/RT]and k_(Na_(2)cO_(3))(m^(2)/s)=1.88×10^(-10)exp[-155(kJ/mol)/RT].According to obtained results at least,45-70 vol%of carbonates preserve during subduction down to the 660-km discontinuity if no melting *** slab stagnation and warming,subsequent carbonate melting,and infiltration into the mantle saturated with iron metal are accompanied by a reduction of carbonate melt with *** established sequence of reactivity of carbonates:FeCO_(3)≥MgCO_(3)>caMg(CO_(3))2>caCO_(3)>>Na_(2)CO_(3),where K_(2)CO_(3)does not react at all with iron metal,implies that during reduction carbonate melt with Fe evolves toward *** above conclusions are consistent with the findings of carbonates in inclusions in diamonds from the lower mantle and high concentrations of alkalis,particularly K,in mantle carbonatite melts entrapped by diamonds from kimberlites and placers worldwide.

关键词： carbonate Reduction of carbonate with Fe Reaction kinetics carbonatite melt High-pressure experiment Earth's mantle

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Gas free oxidation of NaCN for presodiating and stabilizing the anodic host of sodium-ion capacitors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第9期31卷 33-40,I0002页

作者： Xuexue Pan Agnieszka Chojnacka François béguin Poznan University of Technology Institute of Chemistry and Technical ElectrochemistryBerdychowo 460-965 PoznanPoland

Sodium-ion capacitors(NICs)trigger considerable attention due to their higher specific energy than electrical double-layer capacitors(EDLCs)at comparable specific ***,the presodiation process of the anodic host is extremely crucial for the construction of high-performance ***,a positive EDL electrode containing activated carbon(AC)mixed with sodium cyanide(NaCN)as a sacrificial material was electrochemically oxidized to presodiate a Sn_(4)P_(3) anodic host buffered by hard carbon(HC).The oxidation of CN-occurred ca.2.9 v ***/Na+and finished by a short region of linearly increasing potential with a total capacity close to the theoretical value of 547 mAh g^(-1).The operando electrochemical mass spectrometry(EMS)analysis of the atmosphere in the cell together with the internal pressure measurements realized during the galvanostatic oxidation of a YP80F-NaCN electrode demonstrate that the process occurs without any gas evolution.A precursor cell of an NIC was constructed in a pouch with YP80FNaCN and HC/Sn_(4)P_(3) *** the oxidative sodium transfer from NaCN to HC/Sn_(4)P_(3),the realized YP80F//Nax(HC/Sn_(4)P_(3))NIC demonstrated a discharge capacitance retention higher than 80%for 8900 cycles in the voltage range from 2.0 to 3.8 *** infrared analysis of the anode obtained by the herein described transfer process detected polycyanogen,which stabilizes the electrode structure during cycling,and thereof is at the origin of the enhanced life span of the NIC.

关键词： Na-ion capacitors Activated carbon EDL electrode Sacrificial NaCN HC/Sn_(4)P_(3)anodic host Polycyanogen Anode stabilization

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Portable spirometer-based pulmonary function test willingness in China: A nationwide cross-sectional study from the "Happy breathing Program"

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第14期137卷 2024 Jul 2页

作者： Qi Weiran Huang Ke Chen Qiushi Jiao Lirui Yu Fengyun Yu Yiwen Niu Hongtao Li Wei Fang Fang Lei Jieping Chu Xu Li Zilin Geldsetzer Pascal b?rnighausen Till Chen Simiao Yang Ting Wang Chen Department of Health Economics and Health Policy School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Department of Pulmonary and Critical care Medicine National Center for Respiratory Medicine State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Institute of Respiratory Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Center of Respiratory Medicine China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China The Harold and Inge Marcus Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Department of Health Policy and Management Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH) Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Administration Office of Medical Reform and Development China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China Data and Project Management Unit Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China Department of Statistics School of Mathematics and Statistics Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin China Chan Zuckerberg biohub Stanford University School of Medicine San Francisco CA USA Division of Primary care and Population Health Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Cambridge MA USA

background: Understanding willingness to undergo pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and the factors associated with poor uptake of PFTs is crucial for improving early detection and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to understand willingness to undergo PFTs among high-risk populations and identify any barriers that may contribute to low uptake of ***: We collected data from participants in the "Happy breathing Program" in China. Participants who did not follow physicians’ recommendations to undergo PFTs were invited to complete a survey regarding their willingness to undergo PFTs and their reasons for not undergoing PFTs. We estimated the proportion of participants who were willing to undergo PFTs and examined the various reasons for participants to not undergo PFTs. We conducted univariable and multivariable logistic regressions to analyze the impact of individual-level factors on willingness to undergo ***: A total of 8475 participants who had completed the survey on willingness to undergo PFTs were included in this study. Out of these participants, 7660 (90.4%) were willing to undergo PFTs. Among those who were willing to undergo PFTs but actually did not, the main reasons for not doing so were geographical inaccessibility (n = 3304, 43.1%) and a lack of trust in primary healthcare institutions (n = 2809, 36.7%). Among the 815 participants who were unwilling to undergo PFTs, over half (n = 447, 54.8%) believed that they did not have health problems and would only consider PFTs when they felt unwell. In the multivariable regression, individuals who were ≤54 years old, residing in rural townships, with a secondary educational level, with medical reimbursement, still working, with occupational exposure to dust, and aware of the abbreviation "COPD" were more willing to undergo ***: Willingness to undergo PFTs was high among high-risk populations. Policymakers may consider implementing strategies suc

关键词： Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Pulmonary function tests Willingness to undergo pulmonary function tests Population medicine

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boundary Plasma Turbulence Simulations for Tokamaks

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Communications in Computational Physics 2008年第10期4卷 949-979页

作者： X.Q.Xu M.v.Umansky b.Dudson P.b.Snyder Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory L-630P.O.Box 8087000 East Ave.LivermoreCA 94550USA Institute of Fusion Theory and Simulation ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Physics University of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO105DDUK General Atomics 13-303P.O.Box 85608San DiegoCA 92186-5608USA.

The boundary plasma turbulence code bOUT models tokamak boundaryplasma turbulence in a realistic divertor geometry usingmodified braginskii equations for plasma vorticity,density(ni),electron and ion temperature(Te,Ti)and *** bOUT code solves for the plasma fluid equations in a three dimensional(3D)toroidal segment(or a toroidal wedge),including the region somewhat inside the separatrix and extending into the scrape-off layer;the private flux region is also *** this paper,a description is given of the sophisticated physical models,innovative numerical algorithms,and modern software design used to simulate edgeplasmas in magnetic fusion energy *** bOUT code’s unique capabilities and functionality are exemplified via simulations of the impact of plasma density on tokamak edge turbulence and blob dynamics.

关键词： Plasma turbulence simulation plasma two-fluids equation field-aligned coordinates plasma blobs

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HYPERbOLIC MEAN CURvATURE FLOW:EvOLUTION OF PLANE CURvES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2009年第3期29卷 493-514页

作者：孔德兴刘克峰王增桂 Department of Mathematics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027 China Department of Mathematics University of California at Los AngelesCA 90095 USA Department of Mathematics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240 China

In this paper we investigate the one-dimensional hyperbolic mean curvatureflow for closed plane curves. More precisely, we consider a family of closed curves F ： S1 × [0, T ） → R^2 which satisfies the following evolution equation δ^2F /δt^2 （u, t） = k（u, t）N（u, t）-▽ρ（u, t）, ∨（u, t） ∈ S^1 × [0, T ） with the initial data F （u, 0） = F0（u） and δF/δt （u, 0） = f（u）N0, where k is the mean curvature and N is the unit inner normal vector of the plane curve F （u, t）, f（u） and N0 are the initial velocity and the unit inner normal vector of the initial convex closed curve F0, respectively, and ▽ρ is given by ▽ρ Δ=（δ^2F /δsδt ,δF/δt） T , in which T stands for the unit tangent vector. The above problem is an initial value problem for a system of partial differential equations for F , it can be completely reduced to an initial value problem for a single partial differential equation for its support function. The latter equation is a hyperbolic Monge-Ampere equation. based on this, we show that there exists a class of initial velocities such that the solution of the above initial value problem exists only at a finite time interval [0, Tmax） and when t goes to Tmax, either the solution convergesto a point or shocks and other propagating discontinuities are generated. Furthermore, we also consider the hyperbolic mean curvature flow with the dissipative terms and obtain the similar equations about the support functions and the curvature of the curve. In the end, we discuss the close relationship between the hyperbolic mean curvature flow and the equations for the evolving relativistic string in the Minkowski space-time R^1,1.

关键词： hyperbolic mean curvature flow hyperbolic Monge-Ampere equation closedplane curve short-time existence

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A Novel Rituximab Polymer leads to CD20 Hyper-crosslinking-induced apoptosis in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas

A Novel Rituximab Polymer leads to CD20 Hyper-crosslinking-i...

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中国化学会第四届有机化学学术会议

作者： Peisheng Hu Department of Pathology, University of Southern california. 2011 Zonal Avenue, los Angeles, ca ,USA

＜正＞Although monoclonal （mAb） antibody Rituximab treatment has produced significant tumor regression in patients with relapsed b-cell non-Hodgkin s lymphoma, only 50% of overall patients respond. Clinically, it has been shown that the major memchanism of Rituximab is antibody-dependent cytotoxicity requiring presentation by Fc-bearing cells. To improve the clinical efficacy of Rituximab for treatment of CD20 positive lymphomas, we have generated a stable

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α/Sulfono-γ-AA peptide hybrids agonist of GLP-1R with prolonged action both in vitro and in vivo

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica b 2023年第4期13卷 1648-1659页

作者： Yan Shi candy Lee Peng Sang Zaid Amso David Huang Weixia Zhong Meng Gu Lulu Wei vân T.b.Nguyen-Tran Jingyao Zhang Weijun Shen Jianfeng cai Department of Chemistry University of South FloridaTampaFL 33620USA calibr at Scripps Research La JollaCA 92037USA

Peptides are increasingly important resources for biological and therapeutic development,however,their intrinsic susceptibility to proteolytic degradation represents a big *** a natural agonist for GLP-1R,glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1)is of significant clinical interest for the treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus,but its in vivo instability and short half-life have largely prevented its therapeutic ***,we describe the rational design of a series of a/sulfono-γ-AA peptide hybrid analogues of GLP-1 as the GLP-1R *** GLP-1 hybrid analogues exhibited enhanced stability(t_(1/2)>14 days)compared to t_(1/2)(blood plasma and in *** newly developed peptide hybrids may be viable alternative of semaglutide for type-2 diabetes ***,our findings suggest that sulfono-γ-AA residues could be adopted to substitute canonical amino acids residues to improve the pharmacological activity of peptide-based drugs.

关键词： GLP-1 Peptidomimetics Helical structures Stability Type-2 diabetes treatments rational design GLP-1R agonists Pharmacological activity

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Factors influencing the drug release from calcium phosphate cements

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bioactive Materials 2022年第1期7卷 341-363页

作者： Marco Fosca Julietta v.rau vuk Uskokovi Istituto di Struttura della Materia Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(ISM-CNR)Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 10000133RomeItaly I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Institute of PharmacyDepartment of AnalyticalPhysical and Colloid ChemistryTrubetskaya 8build.2119991MoscowRussia Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory TardigradeNano LLCIrvineCA 92604United States

Thanks to their biocompatibility,biodegradability,injectability and self-setting properties,calcium phosphate cements(CPCs)have been the most economical and effective biomaterials of choice for use as bone void *** have also been extensively used as drug delivery carriers owing to their ability to provide for a steady release of various organic molecules aiding the regeneration of defective bone,including primarily antibiotics and growth *** review provides a systematic compilation of studies that reported on the controlled release of drugs from CPCs in the last 25 *** chemical,compositional and microstructural characteristics of these systems through which the control of the release rates and mechanisms could be achieved have been *** doing so,the effects of(i)the chemistry of the matrix,(ii)porosity,(iii)additives,(iv)drug types,(v)drug concentrations,(vi)drug loading methods and(vii)release media have been distinguished and discussed *** specificities of in vivo release of drugs from CPCs have been reviewed,*** the kinetic and mechanistic correlations between the CPC properties and the drug release is a prerequisite for the design of bone void fillers with drug release profiles precisely tailored to the application area and the clinical *** goal of this review has been to shed light on these fundamental correlations.

关键词： calcium phosphate cements Drug release Release rate Antibiotics release bone fillers

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POLES OF ZETA FUNCTIONS OF COMPLETE INTERSECTIONS

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series b 2000年第2期21卷 187-200页

作者： WAN DAQING(Department of Mathematics, University of california, Irvine, ca 92697-3875, USA.) Department of Mathematics University of California Irvine CA 92697-3875 USA

A vanishing theorem is proved for e-adic cohomology with compact support on an affine (singular) complete intersection. As an application, it is shown that for an affine complete intersection defined over a finite field of q elements, the reciprocal "poles" of the zeta function are always divisible by q as algebraic integers. A p-adic proof is also given, which leads to further q-divisibiliy of the poles or equivalently an improvement of the polar part of the AxKatz theorem for an affine complete intersection. Similar results hold for a projective complete intersection.

关键词：极点 ZETA函数完全交叉消没理论

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Mass differences and neutron pairing in ca, Sn and Pb isotopes

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Chinese Physics C 2017年第9期41卷 83-89页

作者： b. S. Ishkhanov S. v. Sidorov T. Yu. Tretyakova E. v. vladimirova Faculty of Physics M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow 119991 Russia Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow 119991 Russia

Abstract： various estimates of the even-odd effect of the mass shell of atomic nuclei are considered. based on the experimental mass values of the ca, Sn, and Pb isotopes, the dependence of the energy gap on the neutron number is traced and the relationship of this characteristic to the properties of external neutron subshells is shown. In nuclei with closed proton shells, effects directly related to neutron pairing and effects of nucleon shells are discussed.

关键词： nucleon interaction models of atomic nuclei nucleon pairing in atomic nuclei

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