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Biochemical and Molecular Epidemiology of cancer

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1991年第1期4卷 73-92页

作者： HARUHIKO SUGIMURA AINSLEY WESTON NEIL E.cAPORASO PETER G.SHIELDS ELISE D.BOWMAN ROBERT A.METcALF curtis c.harris Laboratory of Human carcinogenesis Laboratory of Human CarcinogenesisEnvironmental Epidemiology Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of HealthLaboratory of Human CarcinogenesisLaboratory of Human CarcinogenesisLaboratory of Human CarcinogenesisLaboratory of Human Carcinogenesis Rockville Maryland 20892

Examples of practical approaches to molecular epidemiology of human cancer are described. Biomarkers of carcinogen exposure or inherited host factors for cancer susceptibility are discussed. Major advances have been made in the detection of carcinogen-macromolecular adducts through the use of high performance liquid chromatography, immunoaffinity chromatography, the 32P-postlabeling assay, enzyme immunoassays, gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy and synchronous spectrophotofluorimetry. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon- DNA adducts are the most extensively studied in this field and together with antibodies to these adducts found in human serum, they have become useful indicators of exposure to carcinogens. Assays for various kinds of alky 1-DNA adducts have also been developed and the presence of these adducts have been documented in human tissues. carcinogen-protein adducts have proven to be useful molecular dosimeters of carcinogen exposure. For example, 4-aminobiphenyl hemoglobin adducts are highly correlated with exposure to tobacco smoke. The study of the molecular aspects of interindividual differences in the metabolism and activation of xenobiotics and other genetic markers [DNA-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), mutations, and functional loss of specific genes in carcinogenesis] is an emerging new field that is discussed in the context of genetic susceptibility to cancer. The cytochrome P450 phenotypes and acetylation phenotype are examples of genetic markers that indicate an individual's potential for metabolism of exogenous substances. Further, inherited genetic polymorphic markers, e.g., DNA-RFLPs at protooncogene loci (HRAS-1 and L-myc) have been examined in a case-control study of lung cancer. Data concerning mutations of protooncogenes (H-, K-, and N-RAS) and tumor suppressor genes (retinoblastoma and p53 genes) in various common cancers are providing evidence of multiple genetic lesions that occur during the multistage process of ca

关键词： gene DNA Biochemical and Molecular Epidemiology of cancer

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人胚胎肝组织培养的研究

中华病理学杂志 1985年第3期14卷 169-171+242页

作者：裴许芳 John F.Lechner 孙宗棠于志兰夏求洁 curtis c.harris 中国医学科学院肿瘤研究所美国国立癌症研究所

组织培养方法,提供了直接用人的组织来研究致癌物及促癌物等作用下的肿瘤发生过程。近年来,已经有报道在体外较长期地培养了人的支气管、肺、胰腺、结肠等,并对化学致癌物的代谢活化及作用机理,迸行了较系统的研

关键词：肝/胚胎学培养技术

Exploring the associations between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function in aging adults:A systematic review with meta-analyses

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 820-840页

作者： Dustin J.Oranchuk Stephan G.Bodkin Katie L.Boncella Michael O.harris-Love Muscle Morphology Mechanicsand Performance LaboratoryDepartment of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA Department of Physical Therapy

Background:Assessment and quantification of skeletal muscle within the aging population is vital for diagnosis,treatment,and injury/disease *** clinical availability of assessing muscle quality through diagnostic ultrasound presents an opportunity to be utilized as a screening tool for function-limiting ***,relationships between muscle echogenicity and clinical functional assessments require authoritative ***,we aimed to(a)synthesize the literature to assess the relationships between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function in older adults(-60 years),(b)perform pooled analyses of relationships between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function,and(c)perform sub-analyses to determine between-muscle ***:cINAHL,Embase,MEDLINE,PubMed,and Web of Science databases were systematically searched to identify articles relating skeletal muscle echogenicity to physical function in older ***-of-bias assessments were conducted along with funnel plot ***-analyses with and without sub-analyses for individual muscles were performed utilizing Fisher’s Z transformation for the most common measures of physical ***’s Z was back-transformed to Pearson’s r for ***:Fifty-one articles(n=5095,female=»2759,male=»2301,72.5§5.8 years,mean§SD(1 study did not provide sex descriptors))were extracted for review,with previously unpublished data obtained from the authors of 13 *** rectus femoris(n=34)and isometric knee extension strength(n=22)were the most accessed muscle and physical qualities,*** relationship between quadriceps echogenicity and knee extensor strength was moderate(n=2924,r=-0.36(95%confidence interval:-0.38 to-0.32),pcorrelations(r:-0.34 to-0.23,all pces in predictive ability

关键词： correlations Echo intensity Elderly Intramuscular fat Strength

Provenance Documentation to Enable Explainable and Trustworthy AI:A Literature Review

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Data Intelligence 2023年第1期5卷 139-162页

作者： Amruta Kale Tin Nguyen Frederick c.harris Jr. chenhao Li Jiyin Zhang Xiaogang Ma Department of computer Science Universityof IdahoMoscowID83844USA Department of computer Science and Engineering University of NevadaRenoRenoNV 89557USA

Recently artificial intelligence(AI)and machine learning(ML)models have demonstrated remarkable progress with applications developed in various *** is also increasingly discussed that AI and ML models and applications should be transparent,explainable,and ***,the field of Explainable AI(XAI)is expanding *** holds substantial promise for improving trust and transparency in AI-based systems by explaining how complex models such as the deep neural network(DNN)produces their ***,many researchers and practitioners consider that using provenance to explain these complex models will help improve transparency in AI-based *** this paper,we conduct a systematic literature review of provenance,XAI,and trustworthy AI(TAI)to explain the fundamental concepts and illustrate the potential of using provenance as a medium to help accomplish explainability in AI-based ***,we also discuss the patterns of recent developments in this area and offer a vision for research in the near *** hope this literature review will serve as a starting point for scholars and practitioners interested in learning about essential components of provenance,XAI,and TAI.

关键词： Explainable AI Trustworthy AI Provenance documentation Workflow platforms Data science

common molecular subtypes among Asian hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma

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cancer Biology & Medicine 2018年第S1期15卷 10-11页

作者： Jittiporn chaisaingmongkol Anuradha Budhu Hien Dang Siritida Rabibhadana Benjarath Pupacdi So Mee Kwon Marshonna Forgues Yotsawat Pomyen Vajarabhongsa Bhudhisawasdi Nirush Lertprasertsuke Anon chotirosniramit chawalit Pairojkul chirayu UAuewarakul Thaniya Sricharunrat Kannika Phornphutkul Suleeporn Sangrajrang Maggie cam Ping He Stephen M.Hewitt Kris Ylaya Xiaolin Wu Jesper B.Andersen Snorri S.Thorgeirsson Joshua J.Waterfall Yuelin J.Zhu Jennifer Walling Holly S.Stevenson Daniel Edelman Paul S.Meltzer christopher A.Loffredo Natsuko Hama Tatsuhiro Shibata Robert H.Wiltrout curtis c.harris chulabhorn Mahidol Mathuros Ruchirawat Xinwei Wang Laboratory of Human carcinogenesis Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMarylandUSA Laboratory of chemical carcinogenesis Chulabhorn Research InstituteBangkokThailand center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology Office of Higher Education CommissionMinistry of EducationBangkokThailand Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand HRH Princess chulabhorn college of Medical Science BangkokThailand chulabhorn Hospital BangkokThailand Rajavej Hospital Chiang MaiThailand National cancer Institute BangkokThailand center for cancer Research National Cancer InstituteBethesdaMarylandUSA FDA Silver SpringMarylandUSA Laboratory of Pathology Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMarylandUSA Frederick National Laboratory for cancer Research FrederickMarylandUSA Biotech Research and Innovation center(BRIc) Department of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Genetics Branch Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMarylandUSA Georgetown University Medical center WashingtonDCUSA Division of cancer Genomics National Cancer Center Research InstituteThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Laboratory of Molecular Medicine Human Genome CenterThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan cancer Inflammation Program Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMarylandUSA

Objective:Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(Icc)and hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)are clinically disparate primary liver cancers with etiological and biological *** Thailand,both cancer types represent the primary cause ... 详细信息

关键词： common molecular subtypes

Geomechanical properties will constrain cO_(2)injection into the lower Ordovician Rose Run sandstone deep saline reservoir,Appalachian Basin,Kentucky,USA

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第5期13卷 947-960页

作者： John Richard Bowersox Stephen F.Greb Junfeng Zhu David c.harris Kentucky Geological Survey University of KentuckyLexingtonKY40506-0107USA

The Kentucky Geological Survey(KGS)1 Hanson Aggregates stratigraphic research well,carter county,Kentucky,USA,was drilled to a total depth of 1474 m as a field-scale test of potential cO2 storage reservoir properties in the central Appalachian *** properties of the Rose Run sandstone(upper Ordovician Knox group)were tested for its suitability as a storage reservoir.A 9.8-m thick section of the Rose Run was penetrated at 1000 m drilled depth and a whole-diameter core and rotary sidewall cores were *** porosity and permeability measured in core plugs were 9.1%and 44.6 mD,*** vertical stress gradient calculated in the wellbore was 26 MPa/*** fractures in dolomites underlying and overlying the Rose Run follow the contemporary N53E Appalachian Basin stress *** Rose Run elastic geomechanical properties were calibrated to values measured in core plugs to evaluate its fracturing risk as a cO2 storage *** Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio values of the Rose Run were 45 GPa and 0.23,respectively,whereas Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio values were 77.1 GPa and 0.28,respectively,in the overlying Beekmantown dolomite,suggesting the Rose Run may fracture if overpressured during cO2 injection but be confined by the *** compressive strength measured in core plugs found the Rose Run and Beekmantown fractured at mean axial stresses of 156.5 MPa and 282.2 MPa,respectively,confirming the Beekmantown as suitable for confining cO2 injected into the Rose Run.A step-rate test was conducted in a mechanically-isolated 18.6-m interval bracketing the Rose *** Rose Run reservoir pressure was 9.3 MPa,and fracture gradient under injection was 13.6 MPa/km,suggesting step-rate testing before cO2 injection,and subsequent pressure monitoring to ensure *** the region around the KGS 1 Hanson Aggregates well is underpressured and adjacent to faulted Precambrian basement,further research is neede

关键词： Appalachian Basin Rose Run sandstone Geomechanics carbon sequestration Step-rate testing

carcinosarcoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses:Review of the national cancer database

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第2期9卷 115-122页

作者： Jacob c.harris Jacob G.Eide Rijul S.Kshirsagar Jason A.Brant James N.Palmer Nithin D.Adappa Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and NeckSurgery Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Background:carcinosarcomas are rare,aggressive malignancies that can arise in the nasal cavity and paranasal *** are limited outcome data ***,we sought to use the National cancer Database(NcDB)to characterize patient demographics and ***:A retrospective analysis of the NcDB from 2004 to 2016 for patients with sinonasal carcinosarcoma was ***:Thirty patients were *** patients were predominantly male(n=20),white(n=23),and privately insured(n=15),with an average age of 62.4 *** nasal cavity was the most common subsite(n=14),followed by the maxillary sinus(n=8).Most patient were treated with surgery followed by radiation(n=23),with the remaining undergoing surgery alone(n=4),radiation alone(n=2),or no treatment(n=1).One-third(n=10)received adjuvant *** 1-and 5-year overall survival(OS)in the cohort were 79.2%and 43.3%,*** log-rank testing showed OS varied based on intervention(Pctors independently predicted ***:We describe the demographics and presenting features of a national cohort of sinonasal carcinosarcoma *** research is needed to identify predictors of overall survival,and to assess the optimal roles for radiation and systemic chemotherapy.

关键词： cancer carcinosarcoma National cancer Database NcDB outcomes sinonasal survival

A New Fossil Termite (Isoptera,Stolotermitidae,Stolotermes) from the Early Miocene of Otago,New Zealand

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第4期84卷 705-709页

作者： Uwe KAULFUSS Anthony c.harris Daphne E.LEE Department of Geology University of OtagoPO Box 56Dunedin 9054New Zealand Otago Museum PO Box 6202Dunedin 9059New Zealand

The forewing of a termite from Early Miocene lake sediments in Otago, southern New Zealand is figured and described. It exhibits the generic characters of the damp-wood termite Stolotermes Hagen, but differs from forewings of the known species in size and venation pattern and is described as Stolotermes kupe sp. nov. S. kupe represents the first confident record of fossil Stolotermitidae and extends the fossil record of the family back to the Early Miocene. It also is the first direct evidence of fossil Isoptera from New Zealand, though silicified termite faecal pellets, referable to Kalotermes brauni, have been previously described. S. kupe indicates that Stolotermitidae has been present in the Australasian region since at least the Early Miocene.

关键词： Early Miocene fossil termite Isoptera Stolotermes new species Otago Fouiden Maar Gondwana

Numerical Optimization of a Walk-on-Spheres Solver for the Linear Poisson-Boltzmann Equation

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communications in computational Physics 2013年第1期13卷 195-206页

作者： Travis Mackoy Robert c.harris Jesse Johnson Michael Mascagni Marcia O.Fenley Institute of Molecular Biophysics Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA Department of Physics Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA Departments of computer Science Mathematics and Scientific ComputingFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA

Stochastic walk-on-spheres(WOS)algorithms for solving the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation(LPBE)provide several attractive features not available in traditional deterministic solvers:Gaussian error bars can be computed easily,the algorithm is readily parallelized and requires minimal memory and multiple solvent environments can be accounted for by reweighting ***,previouslyreported computational times of these Monte carlo methods were not competitive with existing deterministic numerical *** present paper demonstrates a series of numerical optimizations that collectively make the computational time of these Monte carlo LPBE solvers competitive with deterministic *** optimization techniques used are to ensure that each atom’s contribution to the variance of the electrostatic solvation free energy is the same,to optimize the bias-generating parameters in the algorithm and to use an epsilon-approximate rather than exact nearest-neighbor search when determining the size of the next step in the Brownian motion when outside the molecule.

关键词： Poisson-Boltzmann equation walk-on-spheres solvation