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Development and Characterization of Wheat Germplasm with Combined Resistance to Russian Wheat Aphid and Stem Rust (Race “Ug99”) in Kenya

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第4期4卷 767-773页

作者： Fredrick O. Amulaka Joyce n. Maling’a Mehmet Cakir Richard M. S. Mulwa Department of Crops Horticulture and Soils Egerton University Egerton Kenya Kenya Agricultural Research Institute Njoro Murdoch University Perth Australia

Wheat is the second most important cereal in Kenya. However, production is severely constrained by both abiotic and biotic stresses. Of the biotic stresses a devastating pest (Russian wheat aphid (RWA)) and a serious disease (stem rust race TTKS (“Ug99”)) are currently the biggest problem for wheat producers in Kenya. Severe infestations by RWA may result in yield losses of up to 90% while “Ug99” infected fields may suffer 100% crop loss. The two pests combined are seriously affecting wheat farmers’ incomes because of the heavy reliance on pesticides that increase the cost of production. This study attempted to develop and characterize wheat lines that are resistant to both RWA and “Ug99” by pyramiding two major resistance genes. Three wheat varieties: “Kwale”, a Kenyan high yielding variety but susceptible to both RWA and “Ug99”;“cook”, an Australian variety carrying stem rust resistance gene Sr36 conferring immunity to “Ug99”;and “KRWA9”, a Kenyan line with resistance to RWA but of poor agronomic attributes were used. A double cross F1 (DC F1) was obtained by crossing the F1 of “Kwale × cook” and the F1 of “Kwale × KRWA9”. The DC F1 population was subjected to sequential screening for both RWA and “Ug99” resistance. Surviving DC F1 progenies were left to self pollinate to obtain the F2 of the double cross (DC F2). The DC F2 progenies were sequentially screened against RWA and “Ug99” to yield a population that was resistant to both RWA and “Ug99”. Genotyping of the DC F2:3 families were conducted to select homozygous resistant plants. Data indicated that the RWA and “Ug99” resistance genes were successfully pyramided. Though races with virulence for Sr36 have been reported, the gene provides immunity to race “Ug99” and can still be effectively used as a component for “Ug99” resistance breeding together with other Sr genes.

关键词： Wheat Germplasm Stem Rust Ug99 Russian Wheat Aphid (RWA)

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2022年第4期11卷 236-245页

作者： Vincent Issac Lau Jeffrey A Johnson Sean M Bagshaw Oleksa G Rewa John Basmaji Kimberley A Lewis M Elizabeth Wilcox Kali Barrett Francois Lamontagne Francois Lauzier niall D Ferguson Simon J W Oczkowski Kirsten M Fiest Daniel J niven Henry T Stelfox Waleed Alhazzani Margaret Herridge Robert Fowler Deborah J cook Bram Rochwerg Feng Xie Department of Critical Care Medicine University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2B7ABCanada School of Public Health Inst Hlth EconUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2B7ABCanada Department of Medicine Division of Critical CareWestern UniversityLondon N6A 5W9Canada Division of Critical Care McMaster UniversityHamilton L8N 4A6Canada Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care University of TorontoToronto M5T 2S8Canada Department of Medicine University SherbrookeSherbrooke J1H 5N4Canada Departments of Medicine and Anesthesiology University LavalLaval G1V 4G2Canada Department Critical Care Medicine University of TorontoToronto M5G 2C4Canada Department of Medicine McMaster ClinHamilton Gen HospMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8N 4A6Canada Department of Community Health Sciences&Institute for Public Health University of CalgaryCalgary T2N 2T9Canada Department of Critical Care Medicine University CalgaryCalgary T2N 2T9Canada Department of Community Health Sciences University of CalgaryCalgary T2N 2T9Canada Department of Medicine McMaster UniversityHamilton L8N 4A6Canada Indepartmental Division of Critical Care University Health NetworkToronto M5G 2C4Canada Departments of Medicine and Critical Care Medicine Sunnybrook Health Sciences CenterInstitute of Health Policy Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoToronto M4N 3M5Canada Health Research Methods Evidence and ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8N 3Z5Canada

Mortality is a well-established patient-important outcome in critical care *** contrast,morbidity is less uniformly reported(given the myriad of critical care illnesses and complications of each)but may have a common end-impact on a patient’s functional capacity and health-related quality-of-life(HRQoL).Survival with a poor quality-of-life may not be acceptable depending on individual patient values and ***,as mortality decreases within critical care,it becomes increasingly important to measure intensive care unit(ICU)survivor *** measurements with a preference-based scoring algorithm can be converted into health utilities on a scale anchored at 0(representing death)and 1(representing full health).They can be combined with survival to calculate quality-adjusted life-years(QALY),which are one of the most widely used methods of combining morbidity and mortality into a composite *** QALYs have been use for health-technology assessment decision-making,an emerging and novel role would be to inform clinical decision-making for patients,families and healthcare providers about what expected HRQoL may be during and after ICU *** care randomized control trials(RCTs)have not routinely measured or reported HRQoL(until more recently),likely due to incapacity of some patients to participate in patient-reported outcome *** differences in HRQoL measurement tools can lead to non-comparable *** this end,we propose the validation of a gold-standard HRQoL tool in critical care,specifically the *** combined health-utility and mortality(disaggregated)and QALYs(aggregated)can be reported,with disaggregation allowing for determination of which components are the main drivers of the QALY *** use of HRQoL,health-utility,and QALYs in critical care RCTs has the potential to:(1)Increase the likelihood of finding important effects if they exist;(2)improve research efficiency;and(3)help inform optimal m

关键词： Critical care health-related quality of life Quality-adjusted life-years Health-utility Mortality Morbidity Kaplan-Meier curves

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Incidence of Intestinal Parasites among Food Handlers (Hawkers) around the University of nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu, Enugu State, nigeria

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2014年第1期4卷 23-28页

作者： R. C. Egbuobi M. A. nwagbaraocha J. n. Dike-ndudim H. M. Okorie I. A. Ogamaka L. n. Egbuobi P. C. Enwuru J. E. Ereh Department of Medical Laboratory Science Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Microbiology Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Hospital Management Board Ministry of Health Owerri Nigeria Public Health Laboratory Ministry of Health Owerri Nigeria St. John’s Medical Laboratory Owerri Nigeria

Incidence of intestinal Parasites has been described as one of the most common problems of developing countries like nigeria. World Health Organization estimated that 3.5 billion people worldwide are infected with some types of intestinal parasites, and as many as 450 million of them are sick as a result. This work therefore is carried out to access the carrier status of food handlers around the University of nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu in Enugu State of nigeria as well as to ascertain the common offending parasite. Three hundred and six (306) stool samples were randomly collected between January and August, 2001 from food vendors occupying the zones around the Teaching Hospital which include: UnTH Road, Railway track, Prison old park and Dean’s cook. The samples were transported to the University of nigeria Teaching Hospital Parasitology Laboratory within 1 hour of production and analysed Parasitologically using Physiological saline and iodine direct mount and formal ether concentration techniques. Out of the 306 stool samples analysed, 126 representing 41.2% tested positive to parasites. Entamobe histolytica showed the highest incidence of 52.4% followed by Ascaris lumbricoidis with 23.8% and the least was Tricharis trichura with 40%. The incidence of mixed infection was 44.4%. Female food handlers were more infected 44.2% than the male food handlers 36.8%. Whereas Meat handlers were most infected 66.7% among other food handlers. From the result of the work, it can be inferredthat the incidence of intestinal parasites among food handlers around the University of nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu is high and this can be attributed mainly to poor sanitary condition of this area. We therefore recommend that Enugu State Government should intensify her sanitation programme especially where public foods are being handled, as well as provide enlightenment campaign for food handlers to save the lives of her citizenry.

关键词： Parasite University Hospital Teaching Sanitary Helminthes

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需要以专业技能为基础的随机对照试验

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英国医学杂志中文版 2005年第3期8卷 182-185页

作者： PJ Devereaux Mohit Bhandari Mike Clarke Victor M Montori Deborah J cook Salim Yusuf David L Sackett Claudio S Cina SD Walter Brian Haynes Holger J Schunemann 许群 Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics，McMaster University，1200 Main Street，West Hamilton On，Canada L8n 3Z5 Department of Surgery，McMaster University UK Cochrane Centre Oxford Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine，Rochester，Minnesota United States Population Health Research Institute，McMaster University Trout Research and Education Centre of Irish Lake，Markdale Ontario，Canada Departments of Medicine and Social and Preventive Medicine，University at Buffalo Buffalo，New York United States

外科手术不大可能像药物治疗那样严格的以证据为基础，因为其难以随机化分组。因此，以专业技能为基础的试验可能是今后发展的方向。

关键词：随机对照试验专业技能临床医生非药物干预外科手术随机分配试验设计

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长期口服小剂量阿司匹林不能预防健康女性患2型糖尿病

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药品评价 2009年第4期6卷 155-155页

作者： Pradhan AD cook nR Manson JE

慢性无临床症状的炎症与2型糖尿病的发生有关，流行病学资料认为这种关联在妇女表现得更为强烈。虽然小型临床研究显示短期口服大剂量阿司匹林具有明显的降糖效果，但是并没有随机试验直接评估临床可接受的剂量的阿司匹林预防糖尿病的... 详细信息

慢性无临床症状的炎症与2型糖尿病的发生有关，流行病学资料认为这种关联在妇女表现得更为强烈。虽然小型临床研究显示短期口服大剂量阿司匹林具有明显的降糖效果，但是并没有随机试验直接评估临床可接受的剂量的阿司匹林预防糖尿病的效果。在美国一项随机、双盲、安慰剂-对照的女性健康研究（Women＇s Health Study）中，38716名45岁以上的且无临床糖尿病的健康女性随机口服小剂量的阿司匹林（n=19326）或安慰剂（n=19390），

关键词：小剂量阿司匹林 2型糖尿病健康女性长期口服预防临床症状流行病学资料随机试验

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t(14;18)(q32;q21)累及IGH和MALT1在皮肤MALT淋巴瘤和原发皮肤弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤中不常见

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第6期2卷 61-61页

作者： Wongchaowart n.T. Kim B. Hsi E.D. J.R. cook 冯义国 Department of Clinical Pathology Cleveland Clinic Foundation 9500 Euclid Avenue Cleveland OH 44195 United States Dr.

Background: t(14;18)(q32;q21) involving IGH and MALT1 has been demonstrated in cutaneous MALT lymphomas and in one case of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the incidence of IGH/MALT1 translocations in these forms of cutaneous lymphoma remains unclear. Methods: We performed paraffin section interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis using MALT1 and IGH break-apart probes on 16 cutaneous MALT lymphomas and 16 primary cutaneous DLBCL in order to assess the frequency of IGH/MALT1 translocations and to screen for other potential translocations involving the IGH or MALT1 loci. Results: Translocations involving MALT1 were not detected in any of 16 cutaneous MALT lymphomas or 16 primary cutaneous DLBCL. Of the 12 MALT lymphomas that could be analyzed for an IGH translocation, all were negative. In contrast, four of the 13 cases (31%) of primary cutaneous DLBCL that could be analyzed for translocations involving IGH were positive. Subsequent FISH analysis demonstrated one of these to be an IGH/BCL2 translocation and one to be a CMYC/IGH translocation, while the translocation partners in the remaining two cases are currently unidentified. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that translocations involving MALT1, including IGH/MALT1, are uncommon in cutaneous MALT lymphomas and primary cutaneous DLBCL. Other translocations involving IGH also are not involved in the pathogenesis of at least most cutaneous MALT lymphomas. In contrast, primary cutaneous DLBCL may contain one of several IGH translocations in a minority of cases.

关键词：弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤 MALT淋巴瘤皮肤淋巴瘤 MALT1 IGH t(14 q21) 原发荧光原位杂交(FISH) DLBCL

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在砂矿开采中细粒金的回收

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黄金 1982年第3期 30-33页

作者： C.n.Conwell ,赵魁阁

在一些砂矿区[库克(cook)和拉欧(Rao)]可见到细粒金、这里指的是通过65目筛或直径210微米以下的细颗粒金,在重选厂,砂金中的金粉常常被损失掉.

关键词：细粒金砂矿床物料颗粒溜槽沉积矿床重选机砂金矿粒级

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APSIM-Sugar模型在云南半湿润半干旱蔗区的适应性研究

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西南农业学报 2018年第12期31卷 2506-2513页

作者：毛钧 Inman-Bamber n G 陆鑫 Jackson P A 王靖刘家勇范源洪云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所云南开远661699 云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室云南开远661699 詹姆斯库克大学科技与工程学院昆士兰汤斯维尔4810 联邦科学与工业研究组织热带农业科学与创新研究中心昆士兰汤斯维尔4810 中国农业大学资源与环境学院北京100193

【目的】本研究对APSIM-Sugar模型在云南半湿润半干旱蔗区的适应性进行评价。【方法】从研究地区2个代表站点甘蔗大田试验获取调参验证数据集,基于标准品种Q117模型参数,采用试错法对8个关键品种参数进行优化和模拟精度评价。【结果】... 详细信息

【目的】本研究对APSIM-Sugar模型在云南半湿润半干旱蔗区的适应性进行评价。【方法】从研究地区2个代表站点甘蔗大田试验获取调参验证数据集,基于标准品种Q117模型参数,采用试错法对8个关键品种参数进行优化和模拟精度评价。【结果】确定了Q208和ROC22两个甘蔗新品种的模型参数优化值,评估了模型在云南蔗区的产量糖分模拟误差范围。结果显示蔗糖产量实测值与模型模拟值显著相关,绝对误差小于2 t/hm^2,斜率在0. 8～1. 26,R^2大于0. 8。【结论】经过校验的APSIM-Sugar模型能较好模拟云南半湿润半干旱蔗区甘蔗的生长发育过程,并响应环境变化造成的产量和糖分差异,但是在多年宿根和极端环境条件下的模拟精度仍有待提高。模型品种参数和输入数据的不确定性是造成模型模拟结果不确定性的重要原因。

关键词：甘蔗 APSIM-Sugar 调参验证不确定性

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Tailoring the microenvironment in Fe–n–C electrocatalysts for optimal oxygen reduction reaction performance

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Science Bulletin 2022年第12期67卷 1264-1273,M0004页

作者： Qing Wang Ruihu Lu Yuqi Yang Xuanze Li Guangbo Chen Lu Shang Lishan Peng Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse Bruce C.C.Cowie Xiangmin Meng Yan Zhao Tierui Zhang Geoffrey I.n.Waterhouse School of Chemical Sciences The University of AucklandAuckland 1142New Zealand State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures International School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China iHuman Institute ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Australian Synchrotron 800 Blackburn Rd.ClaytonVictoria 3168Australia

Fe-n-C electrocatalysts,comprising Fen_(4) single atom sites immobilized on n-doped carbon supports,offer excellent activity in the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),especially in alkaline ***,we report a simple synthetic strategy for improving the accessibility of Fen_(4) sites during ORR and simultaneously fine-tuning the microenvironment of Fen_(4) sites,thus enhancing the ORR *** approach involved a simple one-step pyrolysis of a Fe-containing zeolitic imidazolate framework in the presence of naCl,yielding a hierarchically porous Fe-n-C electrocatalyst containing tailored Fen_(4) sites with slightly elongated Fe-n bond distances and reduced Fe *** porous carbon structure improved mass transport during ORR,whilst the microenvironment optimized Fen_(4) sites benefitted the adsorption/desorption of ORR ***,the developed electrocatalyst,possessing a high Fen_(4) site density(9.9×10^(19) sites g^(-1))and turnover frequency(2.26 s^(-1)),delivered remarkable ORR performance with a low overpotential(a half-wave potential of 0.90 V *** hydrogen electrode)in 0.1 mol L^(-1) KOH.

关键词： Fe-n-C Microenvironment Optimized Fen_4 site Oxygen reduction reaction Zinc-air battery

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光谱Hounsfield单位:一个新的放射学概念

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国际医学放射学杂志 2012年第4期 394-394页

作者： M.A. Hurrell A.P.H. Butler n.J. cook P.H. Butler J.P. Ronaldson R. Zainon 唐光健 Department of Radiology University of OtagoChristchurch 8140 New Zealand

摘要目的CT采用放射影像密度描述不同物质。虽然不同元素在诊断X线能量范围内有不同吸收特征,但常规CT不能显示特异性吸收信息。目前出现的双能CT(DECT)可在有限范围内提取此种有用信息。然而,这一具有能量分辨能力,新的光子计数芯片已... 详细信息

摘要目的CT采用放射影像密度描述不同物质。虽然不同元素在诊断X线能量范围内有不同吸收特征,但常规CT不能显示特异性吸收信息。目前出现的双能CT(DECT)可在有限范围内提取此种有用信息。然而,这一具有能量分辨能力,新的光子计数芯片已将多能量或能谱CT(SCT)带入了临床。方法本文应

关键词：定量CT影像能谱CT Hounsfield单位光子计数探测器 Medipix(X线影像采集芯片)

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