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Osteocyte viability and bone density in cadmium chloride-induced osteoporosis ameliorated with Pilostigma thonningii stem bark-extracted D-3-O-methy-chiroinositol

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2019年第1期2卷 25-33页

作者： Edwin Aihanuwa Uwagie-Ero clifford Nwabugwu Abiaezute Chinaka O.Nwaehujor Theophilus Okafor Nnaji Eugene Amienwanlen Odigie Oyetunde Kazeem Ekeolu Ohiemi Benjamin Ocheja Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Benin Department of Anatomy Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Department of Biochemistry College of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of Calabar Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Department of Anatomy Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Benin Department of Physiology and Biochemistry Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Benin

Background : This study examined the ameliorative effect of D-3-O-methylchiroinositol, isolated from the stem bark of Piliostigma thonningii, on cadmium chloride-induced osteoporosis in male Wistar rats. Methods : Thirty-six rats were assigned to three treatment groups(n = 12). Group A(2 mL distilled water), group B:(2.5 mg/kg b.w. CdCl_2) and group C:(2.5 mg/kg b.w. CdCl_2 and D-3-O-methyl-chiroinositol 2 mg/kg b.w.). Bone ash, calcium, phosphate, magnesium, and zinc content, as well as bone histological changes were determined at the end of months 1, 2, and 3. Results : There were significant differences( P ≤ 0.05) in the weight of the cervical, tibia, and femoral bones in all groups. The serum concentration of CdCl_2 was significantly different across the three groups with time. There was significant variation( P < 0.005) in the mean bone ash across groups. The concentration of OH-proline was significantly different( P < 0.0001) across groups. There were significant differences( P < 0.0001) in bone calcium, magnesium, zinc, and phosphorus concentrations. Histology revealed high levels of bone mineralisation in the CdCl_2-treated group, indicative of osteoporosis with hypertrophied osteocytes, while the femur of Wistar rats treated with D-3-O-methyl-chiroinositol showed bone trabeculae and viable osteocytes. Conclusion : The study concluded that D-3-O-methyl-chiroinositol extract from Piliostigma thionningii stem bark ameliorated cadmium chloride-induced osteoporosis in male Wistar rats.

关键词： cadmium chloride D-3-O-methyl-chiroinositol osteocytes osteoporosis toxicity amelioration

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搬运邮袋的生物力学分析及工效学评价

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中华劳动卫生职业病杂志 1989年第6期7卷 3-5,63-64页

作者：王生 clifford M.Gross 北京医科大学劳动卫生教研室美国纽约理工大学医学院生物力学系

本研究采用生物力学分折方法,分析了14名健康男性受试者搬运两种不同设计(有或无帆布提手)、三种重量(4.5Kg,18.2Kg,31.8Kg)的邮袋时机体的受力情况。结果表明,邮袋增设握手以后,减轻了搬运过程中腰部弯曲程度,在搬运18.2Kg 和31.8Kg ... 详细信息

本研究采用生物力学分折方法,分析了14名健康男性受试者搬运两种不同设计(有或无帆布提手)、三种重量(4.5Kg,18.2Kg,31.8Kg)的邮袋时机体的受力情况。结果表明,邮袋增设握手以后,减轻了搬运过程中腰部弯曲程度,在搬运18.2Kg 和31.8Kg 两种重量的邮袋时,腰部所受水平切力明显减少(P<0.01),并可缩短搬运时间(14.1%,35.9%)。提示有提手的设计有利于保护工人健康和提高工作效率。

关键词：生物力学工效学邮袋切力下背痛

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Effects of Histotripsy on Local Tumor Progression in an in vivo Orthotopic Rodent Liver Tumor Model

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2020年第1期1卷 50-63页

作者： Tejaswi Worlikar Mishal Mendiratta-Lala Eli Vlaisavljevich Ryan Hubbard Jiaqi Shi Timothy L.Hall clifford S.Cho Fred T.Lee Joan Greve Zhen Xu Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA Division of Abdominal Radiology University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVirginia 24061USA Department of Pathology University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA Department of Surgery University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA Department of Surgery VA Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn ArborMichigan 48105USA Department of Radiology University of WisconsinMadisonWisconsin 53705USA

Objective and Impact *** is the first longitudinal study investigating the effects of histotripsy on local tumor progression in an in vivo orthotopic,immunocompetent rat hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)*** is the first noninvasive,nonionizing,nonthermal,mechanical ablation technique using ultrasound to generate acoustic cavitation to liquefy the target tissue into acellular debris with millimeter ***,histotripsy has demonstrated in vivo ablation of noncancerous liver ***.N1-S1 HCC tumors were generated in the livers of immunocompetent rats(n=6,control;n=15,treatment).Real-time ultrasound-guided histotripsy was applied to ablate either 100%tumor volume+up to 2 mm margin(n=9,complete treatment)or 50-75%tumor volume(n=6,partial treatment)by delivering 1-2 cycle histotripsy pulses at 100 Hz PRF(pulse repetition frequency)with p−≥30 MPa using a custom 1 MHz *** were monitored weekly using MRI(magnetic resonance imaging)for 3 months or until tumors reached~25 *** revealed effective post-histotripsy reduction of tumor burden with near-complete resorption of the ablated tumor in 14/15(93.3%)treated *** showed<5 mm shrunken,non-tumoral,fibrous tissue at the treatment site at 3 *** with increased tumor burden(3/6 control and 1 partial treatment)were euthanized early by 2-4 *** 3 other controls,histology revealed fibrous tissue at original tumor site at 3 *** was no evidence of histotripsy-induced off-target tissue *** and partial histotripsy ablation resulted in effective tumor removal for 14/15 rats,with no evidence of local tumor progression or recurrence.

关键词： repetition debris cavitation

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Using Boosted Regression Trees and Remotely Sensed Data to Drive Decision-Making

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Open Journal of Statistics 2017年第5期7卷 859-875页

作者： Brigitte Colin Samuel clifford Paul Wu Samuel Rathmanner Kerrie Mengersen School of Mathematical Sciences Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia

Challenges in Big Data analysis arise due to the way the data are recorded, maintained, processed and stored. We demonstrate that a hierarchical, multivariate, statistical machine learning algorithm, namely Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) can address Big Data challenges to drive decision making. The challenge of this study is lack of interoperability since the data, a collection of GIS shapefiles, remotely sensed imagery, and aggregated and interpolated spatio-temporal information, are stored in monolithic hardware components. For the modelling process, it was necessary to create one common input file. By merging the data sources together, a structured but noisy input file, showing inconsistencies and redundancies, was created. Here, it is shown that BRT can process different data granularities, heterogeneous data and missingness. In particular, BRT has the advantage of dealing with missing data by default by allowing a split on whether or not a value is missing as well as what the value is. Most importantly, the BRT offers a wide range of possibilities regarding the interpretation of results and variable selection is automatically performed by considering how frequently a variable is used to define a split in the tree. A comparison with two similar regression models (Random Forests and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator, LASSO) shows that BRT outperforms these in this instance. BRT can also be a starting point for sophisticated hierarchical modelling in real world scenarios. For example, a single or ensemble approach of BRT could be tested with existing models in order to improve results for a wide range of data-driven decisions and applications.

关键词： Boosted Regression Trees Remotely Sensed Data Big Data Modelling Approach Missing Data

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Suboxone Prescribing Availability in Orange County, NY

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2017年第10期7卷 331-340页

作者： Supriya Makam clifford Gevirtz Judith Branche Kevin Sperber Edward Alexeev Cornerstone Family Healthcare Einstein-Montefiore Medical Center Newburgh NY USA Einstein-Montefiore Medical Center Cornerstone Family Healthcare Newburgh NY USA

Background: The opioid epidemic is a major threat to public health in the United States of America. Orange County, New York has been chosen for this study of Suboxone, a prescription medicine that is used to treat addiction to opioid analgesics. This drug is underutilized throughout Orange County because of several impediments, including insurance coverage, social stigmas, and a non-compliant patient population. Objective: The objective is to analyze the accessibility and utilization of Suboxone to treat opioid dependence in Orange County, New York. Method: Two survey instruments have been created for this research project, one for Suboxone providers and one for non-Suboxone providers. Each is 10 questions long, and includes multiple choice and open-response questions. Participants were contacted by means of email and telephone. Results: The results displayed that many Suboxone providers prefer not treating this patient population for the following reasons: insurance coverage problems, lack of time to see these demanding patients, and a non-compliant patient population. Almost all of the doctors surveyed believed that there is a social stigma among physicians to prescribe as well as among patients to use Suboxone. The non-Suboxone providers did not want to prescribe Suboxone because of a non-compliant patient population, and not having enough time in their practice. Almost all of the non-Suboxone providers prescribed other opiates. For most of the doctors, having more ancillary staff (psychologists, physical therapists, mid level providers) would motivate them to prescribe Suboxone. Discussion and Conclusion: Recommendations made by the local physicians for treating the current opioid epidemic include the following: more police enforcement of street drug dealers, patient education of narcotic misuse, physician education of both the opioid epidemic and patient treatment, and expanding access to rehabilitation and care for these patients.

关键词： Suboxone Utilization NY Opioid Abuse Suboxone Prescribers Addiction

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Livelihood Economic Activities Causing Deforestation in Northern Ghana: Evidence of Sissala West District

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Open Journal of Ecology 2018年第1期8卷 57-74页

作者： clifford James Fagariba Shaoxian Song Serge K. G. Soule School of Environment and Natural Resource Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan China Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan China School of Environment and Natural Resource Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan China

Policymakers and international organizations are making the conscious effort to address climate change through afforestation and sustainable ecosystem management. Economic activities including agriculture, mining, and infra-structure improvement to meet basic human needs continuously degrade the natural and forest resources. The rate of deforestation in Ghana is alarming due to over-reliance on forest resources by forest-dependent communities. Perceived causes of deforestation differ from individuals and groups perspec-tive. This depends on factors including environmental knowledge, education level, market demand and socio-economic activities. Simple random sampling and key informant interview with the aid of semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from the indigenes of Sissala West District to determine their perceptions of causes of deforestation. The study indicated that poverty, high illiteracy, population growth and lack of alternative source of livelihood were the indirect causes which trigger livelihood economic activities such as farming, charcoal burning, wood logging and hunting leading to degradation of the ecosystem. It was also realized that majority of the indigenes are uneducated and this contributes to their unawareness of rate of de-forestation. Recommendations suggested to address challenges were enforce-ment of bye-laws and stringent government environmental policies to deter people from degrading the forest. Education, agroforestry, afforestation, and provision of alternative livelihood were also good interventions suggested.

关键词： Deforestation Livelihood Activities Underlying Causes Forest Communities

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Project Management: The Managerial Process, 5th Edition 5e

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2011年

作者： Erik W. Larson clifford F. Gray

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Primary Cardiac Lymphoma: Three Case Reports and a Review of the Literature

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2021年第4期11卷 120-132页

作者： clifford Michael Csizmar Zohar Sachs Zuzan Cayci Lihong Bu Michael Andrew Linden School of Medicine University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA Division of Hematology Oncology and Transplantation Department of Medicine University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA Department of Radiology University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA Division of Hematopathology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA

Primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is a rare entity that comprises only 1% - 2% of all cardiac tumors. Due to their scarcity and variable clinical presentation, early diagnosis is challenging. In this series, three cases of PCL from a single institution are described, which highlight the spectrum of presenting features and emphasize common principles. In the first case, a 73-year-old male who presented with dyspnea was found to have a 12.1 cm mass in the right ventricle. Biopsy via cardiac catheterization revealed diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). He was treated with chemoimmunotherapy and survived for two months. The second case describes a 55-year-old female who presented with chest pain. Imaging revealed a 3.1 cm right atrial mass and bilateral pleural effusions, with cytology from the latter demonstrating DLBCL. She was lost to follow up after three cycles of chemoimmunotherapy. In the last case, an 80-year-old female presented with weakness. A 4.0 cm mass was discovered in the right atrium and the patient expired shortly after admission. Autopsy confirmed the diagnosis of DLBCL. These case summaries are followed by a review of the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and treatment outcomes of PCL.

关键词： Primary Cardiac Lymphoma Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Cardiac Tumors

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Climate change effects on rangelands and rangeland management:affirming the need for monitoring

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第3期3卷 1-14页

作者： Daniel W.McCollum John A.Tanaka Jack A.Morgan John E.Mitchell William E.Fox Kristie A.Maczko Lori Hidinger clifford S.Duke Urs P.Kreuter Rocky Mountain Research Station USDAForest Service240 W.Prospect RoadFort CollinsColorado 80526 USA James C.Hageman Sustainable Agriculture Research and Extension Center University of WyomingDept 33541000 E.University AvenueLaramieWyoming 82071 USA USDA ARS Rangelands Resources Research Unit8408 Hildreth RoadCheyenneWyoming 82009 USA Texas A&M AgriLife Research Ecosystem Science&Management720 E.Blackland RoadTempleTexas 76502 USA Consortium for Science Policyand OutcomesArizona State UniversityPO Box 875603TempeArizona 85287 USA Ecological Society of America 1990 M StreetNWSuite 700WashingtonD.C.20036 USA Ecosystem Science and Management Texas A&M University2138 TAMUCollege StationTexas 77843 USA

Uncertainty as to the extent and magnitude of changes in conditions that might occur due to climate change poses a problem for land and resource managers as they seek to adapt to changes and mitigate effects of climate *** illustrate using scenarios of projected future conditions on rangelands in the Northern Great Plains and Desert Southwest of the United *** two regions are different in the ways climate change is projected to affect the *** of a longer and warmer growing season in the Northern Great Plains could lead to increased forage production and land *** uncertain effects on summer monsoons that primarily control rangeland productivity in the Desert Southwest,combined with the possibility of more intense and/or frequent drought events,could present land managers with challenges stemming from decreased forage production and land *** projections,though uncertain,provide land managers with basic insight into future conditions they might *** need more.A focus on vulnerability and resilience,with explicit recognition of interactions between ecological and socio-economic factors,coupled with systematic monitoring and assessment of observable conditions on the land to supplement information based on climate projections,will more effectively provide critical and specific information managers need to adaptively manage rangelands under uncertain climate futures.

关键词： adaptive management climate change indicators monitoring rangelands resilience uncertainty vulnerability

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修昔底德笔下的人性

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作者： (美)欧文(clifford Orwin)

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