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Healthcare-Associated Infections: Experiences and Perceptions of Nurses at the Ziniaré District Hospital in Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Nursing 2023年第11期13卷 811-823页

作者： Marc Souli Noufou Gustave Nana Soutongnoma Safiata Kaboré Dieudonné Soubeiga hervé Hien Institute for Interdisciplinary Training and Research in Health and Education Sciences Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Institute of Public Health Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a worldwide concern because of their magnitude and their human and financial cost. While nurses’ non-compliance of hygiene and asepsis measures is questioned, the rationale behind it is not fully understood. We hypothesized that nurses’ experiences and perceptions are one of the reasons for their non-compliance with prevention recommendations. Also, nurses’ caring approach would play an important role in patient safety. The objective of this study was to describe nurses’ experiences and perceptions of HAIs in a district hospital in Burkina Faso with the aim of developing a culture of safety in health care practices. Methods: Qualitative data were collected through unstructured interviews with twenty nurses from the Ziniaré district hospital. Data analysis followed the qualitative phenomenological method according to Giorgi. Results: Phenomenological analysis yielded the following themes: “an ignored reality”;“a denied responsibility”;and “a vulnerable problem”. These results show that nurses’ perception of the extent and seriousness of HAIs is low, and that they deny responsibility for their occurrence. As a result, HAIs are not always perceived as a concern. However, nurses deplore the situation, but remain optimistic about resolving the problem. Conclusion: These nurses’ perceptions of HAIs could explain their non-compliance with prevention recommendations. Corrective action could be redirected by raising awareness, continuing training, improving working conditions and involving all players, including patients and their families, in the fight against HAIs. .

关键词： Perceptions Nurses Healthcare-Associated Infections Phenomenology

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Growth Performance of Butcher’s Pigs Fed on Diets Made from the Ruminal Contents of Bovine Animals

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2022年第3期12卷 428-440页

作者： Ngouana Tadjong Ruben Mube Kuietche hervé Tsafack Antoine Kana Jean Raphaël Laboratory of Aquaculture and Demography of Fisheries Resources Department of Aquaculture Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Science of Yabassi University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Both quantitatively and qualitatively, underfeeding materialized by underconsumption of meat remains one of the things most felt in Africa. To make up for this deficit, emphasis is placed on the production of short-cycle animals such as poultry, rabbits and pork. Among these animals, pig plays a very important socio-economic role in the life of local populations. Its meat is required in various ceremonies such as the dowry and funerals. For this purpose, twenty four males cross piglets with Large White × Landrace × Duroc × Pietrain phenotypic traits, aged between 58 and 62 days and having an average weight of 9.978 ± 1.11 kg were used to evaluate the influence of graded levels of bovine rumen content on the growth performances of grower finisher pigs. The piglets were submitted to 4 treatments, housed in pairs and fed ad libitum with a diet containing 0, 5%, 10% and 20% bovine rumen content. The trial which lasted for 18 weeks was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Dschang. The results showed that drying process destroyed most microbes found in the rumen content. These results also showed that the incorporation of bovine rumen content in diets had no significant (p > 0.05) effect on feed conversion ratio efficiency. However, feed intake, body weight and body weight gain were significantly higher in pigs fed with a diet (R5) containing 5% of bovine rumen content. Feed cost per kg of live body weight was significantly (p 20 diet compared to the animals receiving the control diet which was lower than that of the other two diets (R0) and (R5) but comparable with animals fed diet R10. The analysis of the carcass showed that increasing incorporation level of bovine rumen content in the diet reduces abdominal fat and back fat thickness. For offal, the lowest weight was recorded in animals fed the control diet (R0) and the highest weight with animals fed a diet containing 5% bo

关键词： Carcass Characteristics Dried Bovine Rumen Contents Growth Performances Pigs

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Impact of Revascularization on the Distal to Proximal Pressure Ratio in Case of Multiple Coronary Stenoses

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2021年第3期14卷 142-175页

作者： Amédéo Anselmi hervé Corbineau Jean-Philippe Verhoye Agnès Drochon Department of Thoracic and Cardio-Vascular Surgery Rennes Hospital Center Rennes France UMR CNRS 5295 Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology University of Bordeaux Bordeaux France

Objective: In order to take a decision about the revascularization approach to be adopted, it is of fundamental importance to determine whether coronary artery stenoses induce ischemia or not. An index, named (Fractional Flow Reserve), based on pressure measurements has been proposed to this aim and is usually interpreted in terms of flows. The objective of this work is to compute simultaneously pressures and flow rates in the coronary network of patients with three-vessel disease, in order to study more precisely the relationship between these two quantities. Approach: 22 patients have been included in the study. Some pressure and flow rate measurements were collected during by-pass surgery. These clinical data allow determining parameters for a patient’s specific model, based on the electric/hydraulic analogy. Collateral pathways are included in the model, as well as the severity of the disease and the impact of revascularization. Main Results: For patients with stenoses on LAD, LCx, LMCA and occlusion of the RCA, the flow rate delivered to the right territory is of course a function of the aortic pressure, the left stenoses severity, and the pressure distal to the thrombosis. But it mainly depends on the capillary and collateral resistances, and on the proportion between them. Abnormal microvascular hemodynamics, may be present in patients with non-hemodynamic significant lesions as assessed by the pressure ratio. Complete revascularization with the 3 grafts is demonstrated to be fully justified. The direction of collateral flows may be reversed, depending on the pressure gradient. In any case, they remain low and become negligible when the 3 grafts are operating. Significance: Surgical decision based only on pressure measurements may miss some real hemodynamic problems due to the considered stenosis. This risk is even greater in case of serial stenoses.

关键词： Coronary Three-Vessel Disease Hydrodynamic Impact of Stenoses By-Pass Grafting Fractional Flow Reserve Collateral Flow Analog Electric Model Flow and Pressure Simulations

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Human Factor in Flight Safety

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2018年第3期6卷 148-154页

作者： hervéPoussin L.Rochas T.Vallée R.Bertrand Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales Guiana Space CenterBP 726-97387 KourouFrench GuianaFrance Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales Centre Spatial de ToulouseEdouard Belin31401ToulouseFrance

A chief goal of the launcher design philosophy is to build launchers offering operational efficiency and not that can be flown ***,launch operator focuses the mission design on mission success criteria for the payload and often mitigates launch *** sole conditions clearly appear to be inadequate to ensure safety during a flight neither to be up to the safety *** safety at CNES/CSG(Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales/Centre Spatial Guyanais)is considered to be a full part job,to be performed separately from the launcher *** ground operators,namely safety officers,who are independent from launcher teams,are ultimately responsible for ensuring the *** the flight of a launcher,they are in charge of interrupting actively,making use of a flight termination telecommand from ground,the erroneous flight of a launcher before it endangers people or *** factor is therefore of fundamental importance in flight safety at CNES/*** a quick overview of CNES/CSG,this paper,based on the flight safety way of operation and on the safety officers recruitment,instruction,training and certification,aims at declining how the human factor is handled throughout all flight safety activities.

关键词： Flight safety launcher mission human factors

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Hybrid Successive CFA Image Encryption-Watermarking Algorithm Based on the Quaternionic Wavelet Transform (QWT)

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Journal of Information Security 2022年第4期13卷 244-256页

作者： hervé Abena Ndongo Marcelin Vournone Mireille Pouyap Taya Ngakawa Paul Abena Malobe Energy Signal Imaging and Automatic Laboratory (LESIA) Department of Electrical and Industrial Automatic Engineering National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences (ENSAI) University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Mapping Production Division Department of Data Collection National Institute of Cartography Yaounde Cameroon Department of Physics Higher Teacher Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science (FS) University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

In this paper, we present a new robust hybrid algorithm combining successively chaotic encryption and blind watermarking of images based on the quaternionic wavelet transform (QWT) to ensure the secure transfer of digital data. The calculations of the different evaluation parameters have been performed in order to determine the robustness of our algorithm to certain attacks. The application of this hybrid algorithm on CFA (Color Filter Array) images, allowed us to guarantee the integrity of the digital data and to propose an autonomous transmission system. The results obtained after simulation of this successive hybrid algorithm of chaotic encryption and then blind watermarking are appreciated through the values of the evaluation parameters which are the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and the correlation coefficient (CC), and by the visual observation of the extracted watermarks before and after attacks. The values of these parameters show that this successive hybrid algorithm is robust against some conventional attacks.

关键词： Encryption Blind Watermarking Chaos CFA Images QWT

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Expected outcomes and patients’selection before chemoembolization—“Six-and-Twelve or Pre-TACE-Predict”scores may help clinicians:Real-life French cohorts results

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第18期9卷 4559-4572页

作者： Xavier Adhoute Edouard Larrey Rodolphe Anty Patrick Chevallier Guillaume Penaranda Albert Tran Jean-Pierre Bronowicki Jean-Luc Raoul Paul Castellani hervéPerrier Olivier Bayle Olivier Monnet Bernard Pol Marc Bourliere Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hôpital Saint-JosephMarseille 13008France Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hôpital Universitaire de l’ArchetNice 06000France Department of Radiology Hôpital Universitaire de l’ArchetNice 06000France Statistics Department AlphaBio LaboratoryMarseille 13003France Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de NancyVandoeuvre les Nancy 54511France Department of Medical Oncology Institut de Cancérologie de l’OuestSite de NantesNantes 44805France Department of Radiology Hôpital Saint-JosephMarseille 13008France Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Hôpital Saint-JosephMarseille 13008France

BACKGROUND Careful selection of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients prior to chemoembolization treatment is a daily reality,and is even more necessary with new available therapeutic options in *** propose two new models to better stratify patients and maximize clinical benefit:“6 and 12”and“pre/post-TACE-predict”(TACE,transarterial chemoembolization).METHODS We evaluated and compared their performance in predicting overall survival with other systems{Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC),Albumin-Bilirubin(ALBI)and NIACE[Number of tumor(s),Infiltrative HCC,alpha-fetoprotein,Child-Pugh(CP),and performance status]}in two HCC French cohorts of different stages enrolled between 2010 and *** The cohorts included 324 patients classified as BCLC stages A/B(cohort 1)and 137 patients classified as BCLC stages B/C(cohort 2).The majority of the patients had cirrhosis with preserved liver function.“Pre-TACE-predict”and“6 and 12”models identified three distinct categories of patients exhibiting different prognosis in cohort ***,their prognostic value was no better than the BCLC system or NIACE *** function based on CP and ALBI grades significantly impacted patient ***,the“post-TACE-predict”model had a higher predictive value than other *** stratification ability as well as predictive performance of these new models in an intermediate/advanced stage population was less efficient(cohort 2).CONCLUSION The newly proposed“Pre-TACE-predict”and“6 and 12”models offer an interesting stratification into three categories in a recommended TACE population,as they identify poor candidates,those with partial control and durable *** models'contribution was reduced in a population with advanced stage HCCs.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Transarterial chemoembolization Pre-TACEpredict Six-and-twelve Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Prognosis

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铅在氧化铝微粒上吸附的扫描电镜观察

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哈尔滨工业大学学报 2005年第8期37卷 1156-1158页

作者：鄂勇福兹利.赫尔维东北农业大学资源与环境学院黑龙江哈尔滨150030 法国萨瓦大学环境与分子化学实验室萨瓦尚贝里73000

通过使用含醋酸-磷酸配位体溶液与否进行了两种溶液的实验对微量金属Pb在A l2O3微粒上的结合进行了研究.根据溶液中的化学反应平衡常数的平衡计算,可以显示每种溶液中相应的pH值时会生成Pb的各种可溶性复合物和Pb的沉淀物.借助扫描电子... 详细信息

通过使用含醋酸-磷酸配位体溶液与否进行了两种溶液的实验对微量金属Pb在A l2O3微粒上的结合进行了研究.根据溶液中的化学反应平衡常数的平衡计算,可以显示每种溶液中相应的pH值时会生成Pb的各种可溶性复合物和Pb的沉淀物.借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及其必要的辅助手段X线光谱微量分析技术在微观水平上很好地观察并区分重金属Pb在A l2O3微粒表面上是以复合物形式吸附还是以氢氧化物沉淀形式存在这一有趣现象.在电镜下,Pb的复合物[Pb(CH3COO)2]、[Pb(CH3COO)+]、[PbHPO4]和[PbH2PO4+]在A l2O3微粒表面上的吸附显示为许多界限不清的弥漫明亮区.而Pb在A l2O3微粒表面上所形成的PbO沉淀则显示为许多近似环形的界限清楚的明亮区.

关键词： Pb 吸附 Al2O3微粒电镜扫描 X线光谱

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Determination of Crystallization Kinetics and Size Distribution Parameters of Agglomerated Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles during the Carbonation of a Suspension of Lime

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Crystal Structure Theory and Applications 2015年第2期4卷 16-27页

作者： Mathilde Schnebelen Myriam Ricaud Alexandra Jakob Didier Sy Edouard Plasari hervé Muhr Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés Université de Lorraine Nancy France Solvay Spécialités France Salin de Giraud France Groupe Dynamique des Phases condensées Université des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc de Montpellier 2 Montpellier France

The reaction studied in this work is the synthesis of nanometric size calcium carbonate by carbonation of a suspension of lime, which represents the most common industrial route. The carbonation was proceeded in a pilot batch reactor. This article presents a method for the determination of nucleation and crystal growth rates of calcium carbonate by following two macroscopic parameters: the mass production rate by precipitation and the specific surface area. The results give a constant nucleation rate around 4 × 1015m-3 ·s-1 and a decreasing crystal growth rate between 0.2 and 2 × 10-10 m·s-1. It also provides the main characteristics of the monoparticle size distributions (i.e. the mean particle sizes and in situ coefficient of variation) in the agglomerates, which cannot be obtained by other known methods. For the carbonation carried out in this work, the mean mass particle size at the end of the reaction is about 300 nm and the coefficient of variation of 0.28 indicates a narrow particle size distribution of the monoparticles.

关键词： Lime carbonation Crystal growth rate Nucleation rate Calcium carbonate

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Hand-feel soil texture observations to evaluate the accuracy of digital soil maps for local prediction of soil particle size distribution:A case study in Central France

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Pedosphere 2023年第5期33卷 731-743页

作者： Anne C.RICHER-de-FORGES Dominique ARROUAYS Laura POGGIO Songchao CHEN Marine LACOSTE Budiman MINASNY Zamir LIBOHOVA Pierre ROUDIER Vera LMULDER hervéNÉDÉLEC Guillaume MARTELET Blandine LEMERCIER Philippe LAGACHERIE Hocine BOURENNANE INRAE(Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture l'alimentation et l'environnement)Info&Sols UnitOrléans 45075France ISRIC(International Soil Reference and Information Centre)Wageningen P.O.Box 353Wageningen 6700The Netherlands Zhejiang University-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311200China The University of Sydney Sydney Institute of Agriculture.Eveleigh NSW 2015Australia The University of Sydney School of Life and Environmental SciencesEveleigh NSW 2015Australia USDA-ARS(United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service) Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center6883 S.State Hwy.23Booneville AR 72927USA Landcare Research-Manaaki Whenua Palmerston North 4442New Zealand Soil Geography and Landscape Group Wageningen UniversityP.O.Box 47Wageningen 6700The Netherlands Chambre d'Agriculture du Loiret Orléans F-45000France Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières BP 36009Orléans cedex 2Orléans 45060France UMR SAS(UnitéMixte de Recherche"Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation")Institut Agro INRAERennes F-35000France UMR LISAH(UnitéMixte de Recherche"Laboratoire d'Etude des Interactions entre Sol-Agrosystème-Hydrosystème") INRAEInstitut AgroIRD(Institut de Recherche pour le Développement)Montpellier F-34000France

Digital maps of soil properties are now widely ***-users now can access several digital soil mapping(DSM)products of soil properties,produced using different models,calibration/training data,and covariates at various spatial scales from global to ***,there is an urgent need to provide easy-to-understand tools to communicate map uncertainty and help end-users assess the reliability of DSM products for use at local *** this study,we used a large amount of hand-feel soil texture(HFST)data to assess the performance of various published DSM products on the prediction of soil particle size distribution in Central *** tested four DSM products for soil texture prediction developed at various scales(global,continental,national,and regional)by comparing their predictions with approximately 3200 HFST observations realized on a 1:50000 soil survey conducted after release of these DSM *** used both visual comparisons and quantitative indicators to match the DSM predictions and HFST *** comparison between the low-cost HFST observations and DSM predictions clearly showed the applicability of various DSM products,with the prediction accuracy increasing from global to regional *** simple evaluation can determine which products can be used at the local scale and if more accurate DSM products are required.

关键词： digital soil mapping products easy-to-understand tool hand-feel observation local use map uncertainty prediction performance spatial extent visual assessment

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Agglomeration Mechanisms and Kinetics during the Carbonation of a Suspension of Lime in a Pilot Batch Reactor

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Crystal Structure Theory and Applications 2015年第3期4卷 35-46页

作者： Mathilde Schnebelen Kevin Mozet Alexandra Jakob Didier Sy Edouard Plasari hervé Muhr Université de Lorraine Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés Nancy France Solvay Spécialités France Salin de Giraud France

The reaction studied in this work is the synthesis of nanometric size calcium carbonate particles by carbonation of a suspension of lime, which represents the most common industrial route. It consists in bubbling carbon dioxide in a suspension of lime to obtain precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). PCC is a mineral filler with various applications: sealants, paints, paper, ink, pharmacy, cosmetics, food etc. However, there is a challenge related to the synthesis and the use of this precipitate: the agglomeration of the monoparticles. The aim of this work is then to understand the mechanisms of this phenomenon and to study its kinetics to improve the run of the process and the control of its impact on the final product. Experiments realized with a high concentration in sodium chloride (2 M) showed that the modification of the electrostatic environment did not change the particle size distribution and the morphology of the agglomerates. This indicates that the electrostatic interactions are not responsible for the agglomeration but the formation of crystalline bridges induced by the crystal growth. Thus, thanks to an agglomeration model including the crystal growth rate, the agglomeration kernel β and the agglomeration constant β0 can be determined using a mathematical treatment of the experimental particle size distributions. Finally, by varying the experimental conditions, it appears that the agglomeration constant increases with the temperature whereas there is an optimal value regarding the shear rate.

关键词： Calcium Carbonate Agglomeration Kernel Lime Carbonation Precipitation

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