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Minimum Orders of Eulerian Oriented Digraphs with Given Diameter

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2014年第7期30卷 1125-1132页

作者： Yoomi RHO Byeong Moon KIM Woonjae HWANG Byung chul SONG Department of Mathematics University of Incheon Department of Mathematics Gangneung-Wonju National University Department of Information and Mathematics Korea University

A digraph D is oriented if it does not contain 2-cycles. If an oriented digraph D has a directed eulerian path, it is an oriented eulerian digraph. In this paper, when an oriented eulerian digraph D has minimum out-degree 2 and a diameter d, we find the minimum order of D. In addition, when D is 2-regular with diameter 4rn （m≥2）, we classify the extremal cases.

关键词： Oriented digraph eulerian digraph minimum order diameter

Effect of Sub-T_g Annealing on the Corrosion Resistance of the Cu–Zr Amorphous Alloys

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2018年第3期31卷 273-280页

作者： Sang-Soo Shin Hong-Kyu Kim Jae-chul Lee Ik-Min Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pusan National University Advanced Analysis Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University

Despite the economy of material cost and excellent toughness of Cu-based amorphous alloys,especially CusoZrso,their poor corrosion resistance to a chloride medium limits their widespread *** this study,corrosion tests were performed on the CusoZrso amorphous alloy with different degrees of short-range order,which were prepared by annealing below the glass transition temperature（Tg）.It was found that the corrosion resistance of amorphous alloys is improved to a significant level when the alloys were heated below *** studies showed that thermally activated relaxation process of created disorder,which occurs during sub-Tg annealing,is responsible for the improvement in the corrosion *** dynamics simulations performed on the Cu-Zr amorphous alloys demonstrated that the relaxation process of the alloys is associated with the formation of energetically stable icosahedra and icosahedron-like *** study highlights the effects of sub-Tg annealing on the improvement in the corrosion resistance of the amorphous alloys from the viewpoint the relaxation process of the short-range orders.

关键词： Amorphous alloys Corrosion Annealing Molecular dynamics Electrochemical performance

Coupled CUBIC Congestion Control for MPTCP in Broadband Networks

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第4期45卷 99-115页

作者： Jae Yong Lee Byung chul Kim Youngmi Kwon Kimoon Han Department of Information and Communications Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Korea Agency for Defense Development Daejeon34186Korea

Recently,multipath transmission control protocol(MPTCP)was standardized so that data can be transmitted through multiple paths to utilize all available path ***,when high-speed long-distance networks are included in MPTCP paths,the traffic transmission performance of MPTCP is severely deteriorated,especially in case the multiple paths’characteristics are heavily *** order to alleviate this problem,we propose a“Coupled CUBIC congestion control”that adopts TCP CUBIC on a large bandwidth-delay product(BDP)path in a linked increase manner for maintaining fairness with an ordinary TCP traversing the same bottleneck *** verify the performance excellence of the proposed algorithm,we implemented the Coupled CUBIC Congestion Control into Linux kernels by modifying the legacy MPTCP linked-increases algorithm(LIA)congestion control source *** constructed asymmetric heterogeneous network testbeds mixed with large and small BDP paths and compared the performances of LIA and Coupled CUBIC by *** results show that the proposed Coupled CUBIC utilizes almost over 80%of the bandwidth resource in the high BDP path,while the LIA utilizes only less than 20%of the bandwidth for the same *** was confirmed that the resource utilization and traffic transmission performance have been greatly improved by using the proposed Coupled CUBIC in high-speed multipath networks,as well as maintaining MPTCP fairness with competing single-path CUBIC or Reno TCP flows.

关键词： MPTCP congestion control Coupled CUBIC high BDP network

Dynamic simulation of universal spacer in Dynesys dynamic stabilization system for human vertebra

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第B9期19卷 238-242页

作者： Sung-Min KIM In-chul YANG Seung-Yeol LEE Sung-Youn CHO Department of Medical Bio Engineering College of BiosystemDongguk University Research Institute of Biotechnology Dongguk University Department of Advanced Technology Fusion Graduate SchoolKonkuk University Research and Development Center U& I Corporation

The aim of this study is to analyze the simulated behavior of universal spacer in Dynesys dynamic stabilization system inserted in human vertebra. Dynesys, so-called "Dynamic neutralization system for the spine", dynamic stabilization system is a new concept in the surgical treatment of lower back pain recently. Universal spacer used as flexible material is to stabilize the spine and the material property of universal spacer is polycarbonate urethane. Universal spacer may apply different kinematic behaviors at implanted level in vertebra. Spinal range of motion(SROM) of inter-vertebra with installed Dynesys dynamic stabilization system was studied using Adams+LifeMOD as simulation software package. The vertebra model was set up to closely resemble the in-vivo conditions. Inter-vertebra rotations were measured by post processor of Adams and compared with the intact values. SROMs of the flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation of human virtual models were measured, where three spinal fixation systems such as rigid system, Dynesys system, and fused system were installed. As a result, the value of SROM is decreased in flexion-extension and lateral bending when the spinal fixation system is implanted. The movement of Dynesys system is similar to that of intact model by allowing the movement of lumbar. This means that the Dynesys system is proved to be safe and effective in the treatment of unstable spinal condition.

关键词：稳定系统动态模拟间隔人类脊椎聚碳酸酯聚氨酯运动行为旋转模型

Modeling the effects of constructed wetland on nonpoint source pollution control and reservoir water quality improvement

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 834-839页

作者： Jonghwa Ham Chun G.Yoon Hyung-Joong Kim Hyung-chul Kim Rural Research Institute of KRC Environmental Science Department Konkuk University

This article describes the integrated modeling approach for planning the size and the operation of constructed wetlands for maximizing retention of nonpoint source pollutant loads and reservoir water-quality improvement at a catchment scale. The experimental field-scale wetland systems （four sets, 0.88 ha each） have been in operation since 2002, where water depth was maintained at 30-50 cm and hydraulic loading rate was at 6.3-18.8 cm/day. The wetland system was found to be adequate for treating polluted stream water with stable removal efficiency even during the winter. The integrated modeling system （modified-BASINS） was applied to the Seokmoon estuarine reservoir watershed and calibrated with monitoring data from constructed wetland, stream, and reservoir. The calibrated integrated modeling system estimated that constructing wetlands on 0.5% （about 114 ha） of the watershed area at the mouth of reservoir could reduce 11.61% and 13.49% of total external nitrogen and phosphorus loads, respectively. It also might improve the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of the reservoir by 9.69% and 16.48%, respectively. The study suggested that about 0.1%-1.0% of the watershed area should be allocated for constructed wetland to meet specified water-quality standards for the estuarine reservoir at the polder area where land use planning is relatively less complicated.

关键词： constructed wetland estuarine reservoir integrated modeling system nonpoint source pollution control polder area water quality improvement

Sandwich-type ordered mesoporous carbon/graphene nanocomposites derived from ionic liquid

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Nano Research 2016年第9期9卷 2696-2706页

作者： Ho Seok Kim Young Hwan Kim Kwang chul Roh Kwang-Bum Kim Lab of Energy Storage Materials Department of Material Science & EngineeringYonsei UniversitySeou1120749Republic of Korea Energy & Environmental Division Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & TechnologyJinju 52851Republic of Korea

Sandwich-type ordered mesoporous carbon/graphene nanocomposites were successfully synthesized using 2D ordered mesoporous silica/graphene nanocomposites as the hard template and an ionic liquid as a N-rich carbon source. We used an ionic liquid of 1-(3-cyanopropyl)-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide containing nitrile groups (–CN) in the cation and anion as a carbon precursor for the preparation of the nanocomposites. Nitriles do not decompose under thermal treatment in an inert gas atmosphere, but leave significant amounts of N-rich carbon materials. The nanocomposites had a large surface area (1,316 m2·g–1), an average pore diameter of 5.9 nm, and high electrical conductivity. The nanocomposite electrode showed a high specific capacitance of 190 F·g–1at 0.5 A·g–1in 1 M TEABF4/AN electrolyte and a good rate capability between 0 and 2.7 V for supercapacitor (or ultracapacitor) applications. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2016, Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： ionic liquid-derived carbon ordered mesoporous carbon/graphene nanocomposite 2D graphene nanocomposite supercapacitor

Is thalamocortical tract injury responsible for memory impairment in a patient with putaminal hemorrhage?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第2期10卷 321-322页

作者： Hyeok Gyu Kwon chul Hoon Chang Sung Ho Jang Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of Medicine Yeungnam University Department of Neurosurgery College of Medicine Yeungnam University

Prior to development of diffusion tensor imaging （DTI）, there were many difficulties in visualization and estimation of the Papez circuit in the live human brain （Papez, 1995）. Diffusion tensor tractography （DTT）, derived from DTI, allows for identification and visualization of neural tracts in the Papez circuit （Concha et al., 2005; Kwon et al., 2010; Granziera et al., 2011; Jang and Yeo, 2013; Jang et al., 2014a）. In the current study, using DTT, we report on a patient who showed injured thalamocortical tract between the anterior thalamic nuclei and the cingulate gyrus following a putaminal hemorrhage.

关键词： Is thalamocortical tract injury responsible for memory impairment in a patient with putaminal hemorrhage ROI DTT

Transcriptional Regulation of Lipid Catabolism during Seedling Establishment

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Molecular Plant 2020年第7期13卷 984-1000页

作者： Guangqin Cai Sang-chul Kim Jianwu Li Yongming Zhou Xuemin Wang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Department of Biology University of MissouriSt.LouisMO 63121USA Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA Henan Agricultural University ZhengzhouHenan 450002China

Lipid catabolism in germinating seeds provides energy and substrates for initial seedling growth,but how this process is regulated is not well ***,we show that an AT-hook motif-containing nuclear localized(AHL)protein regulates lipid mobilization and fatty acid p-oxidation during seed germination and seedling ***4 was identified to directly interact with the lipid mediator phosphatidic acid(PA).Knockout(KO)of AHL4 enhanced,but overexpression(OE)of AHL4 attenuated,triacylglycerol(TAG)degradation and seedling *** seedling growth of the OE lines was restored by sucrose supplementation to the growth ***4-OE seedlings displayed decreased expression of genes involved in TAG hydrolysis and fatty acid oxidation,whereas the opposite was observed in *** genes contained AHL4-binding cis elements,and AHL4 was shown to bind to the promoter regions of genes encoding the TAG lipases SDP1 and DALL5 and acyl-thioesterase *** AHL4-DNA interactions were suppressed by PA species that bound to *** results indicate that AHL4 suppresses lipid catabolism by repressing the expression of specific genes involved in TAG hydrolysis and fatty acid oxidation,and that PA relieves AHL4-mediated suppression and promotes TAG ***,AHL4 and PA together regulate lipid degradation during seed germination and seedling establishment.

关键词： lipid catabolism lipid regulation phosphatidic acid seed germination seedling establishment transcriptional regulation

Intelligent Islanding Detection of Multi-distributed Generation Using Artificial Neural Network Based on Intrinsic Mode Function Feature

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第3期8卷 511-520页

作者： Samuel Admasie Syed Basit Ali Bukhari Teke Gush Raza Haider chul Hwan Kim Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonSouth Korea U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy(USPCAS-E) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)H-12 IslamabadPakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Balochistan University of Engineering and TechnologyKhuzdar 89100Pakistan

The integration of distributed energy resources(DERs) into distribution networks is becoming increasingly important, as it supports the continued adoption of renewable power generation, combined heat and power plants, and storage systems. Nevertheless, inadvertent islanding operation is one of the major protection issues in distribution networks connected to DERs. This study proposes an intelligent islanding detection method(IIDM) using an intrinsic mode function(IMF)feature-based grey wolf optimized artificial neural network(GWO-ANN). In the proposed IIDM, the modal voltage signal is pre-processed by variational mode decomposition followed by Hilbert transform on each IMF to derive highly involved features. Then, the energy and standard deviation of IMFs are employed to train/test the GWO-ANN model for identifying the islanding operations from other non-islanding events. To evaluate the performance of the proposed IIDM, various islanding and non-islanding conditions such as faults, voltage sag, linear and nonlinear load and switching, are considered as the training and testing datasets. Moreover, the proposed IIDM is evaluated under noise conditions for the measured voltage signal. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IIDM is capable of differentiating between islanding and non-islanding events without any sensitivity under noise conditions in the test signal.

关键词： Distributed energy resource(DER) intrinsic mode function(IMF) grey wolf optimized artificial neural network(GWO-ANN) intelligent islanding detection method(IIDM) microgrid