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Stay in touch with the endoplasmic reticulum

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 230-257页

作者： Sha Sun Gan Zhao Mingkang Jia Qing Jiang Shulin Li Haibin Wang Wenjing Li Yunyun Wang Xin Bian Yan G.Zhao Xun Huang Ge Yang Huaqing Cai Jose C.Pastor-Pareja Liang Ge chuanmao zhang Junjie Hu National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of BiophysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation College of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Laboratory of Computational Biology&Machine Intelligence School of Artificial IntelligenceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Brain Research Center Department of BiologySchool of Life SciencesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Neurosciences Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Miguel HernándezSan Juan de Alicante 03550Spain

The endoplasmic reticulum(ER),which is composed of a continuous network of tubules and sheets,forms the most widely distributed membrane system in eukaryotic *** a result,it engages a variety of organelles by establishing membrane contact sites(MCSs).These contacts regulate organelle positioning and remodeling,including fusion and fission,facilitate precise lipid exchange,and couple vital signaling ***,we systematically review recent advances and converging themes on ER-involved organellar *** molecular basis,cellular influence,and potential physiological functions for ER/nuclear envelope contacts with mitochondria,Golgi,endosomes,lysosomes,lipid droplets,autophagosomes,and plasma membrane are summarized.

关键词： endoplasmic reticulum nuclear envelope mitochondria Golgi apparatus endosome lysosome lipid droplets autophagosome plasma membrane membrane contact site

Xenopus cell-free extracts and their applications in cell biology study

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Biophysics Reports 2023年第4期9卷 195-205页

作者： Junjun Liu chuanmao zhang Department of Biological Sciences California State Polytechnic University The Academy for Cell and Life Health Faculty of Life Science and Technology Kunming University of Science and Technology The Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesPeking University

Xenopus has proven to be a remarkably versatile model organism in the realm of biological research for numerous years, owing to its straightforward maintenance in laboratory settings and its abundant provision of ample-sized oocytes, eggs, and embryos. The cell cycle of these oocytes, eggs, and early embryos exhibits synchrony, and extracts derived from these cells serve various research purposes. Many fundamental concepts in biochemistry, cell biology, and development have been elucidated through the use of cell-free extracts derived from Xenopus cells. Over the past few decades, a wide array of cell-free extracts has been prepared from oocytes, eggs, and early embryos of different Xenopus species at varying cell cycle stages. Each of these extracts possesses distinct characteristics. This review provides a concise overview of the Xenopus species employed in laboratory research, the diverse types of cell-free extracts available, and their respective properties. Furthermore, this review delves into the extensive investigation of spindle assembly in Xenopus egg extracts, underscoring the versatility and potency of these cell-free systems in the realm of cell biology.

关键词： Embryo Mitosis Meiosis Xenopus Cell-free extract Oocyte Egg Spindle

Super-resolution microscopy: successful applications in centrosome study and beyond

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Biophysics Reports 2019年第Z1期5卷 235-243页

作者： Jingyan Fu chuanmao zhang State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesPeking University

Centrosome is the main microtubule-organizing center in most animal cells. Its core structure, centriole,also assembles cilia and flagella that have important sensing and motility functions. Centrosome has long been recognized as a highly conserved organelle in eukaryotic species. Through electron microscopy, its ultrastructure was revealed to contain a beautiful nine-symmetrical core 60 years ago, yet its molecular basis has only been unraveled in the past two decades. The emergence of super-resolution microscopy allows us to explore the insides of a centrosome, which is smaller than the diffraction limit of light. Super-resolution microscopy also enables the compartmentation of centrosome proteins into different zones and the identification of their molecular interactions and functions. This paper compiles the centrosome architecture knowledge that has been revealed in recent years and highlights the power of several super-resolution techniques.

关键词： Centrosome Super-resolution microscopy SIM STED SMLM

8 Å structure of the outer rings of the Xenopus laevis nuclear pore complex obtained by cryo-EM and AI

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Protein & Cell 2022年第10期13卷 760-777页

作者： Linhua Tai Yun Zhu He Ren Xiaojun Huang chuanmao zhang Fei Sun National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of BiophysicsCAS Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology College of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Biological Imaging Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Bioland Laboratory(Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) Guangzhou 510005China

The nuclear pore complex(NPC),one of the largest protein complexes in eukaryotes,serves as a physical gate to regulate nucleocytoplasmic ***,we determined the 8Åresolution cryo-electron microscopic(cryo-EM)structure of the outer rings containing nuclear ring(NR)and cytoplasmic ring(CR)from the Xenopus laevis NPC,with local resolutions reaching 4.9Å.With the aid of AlphaFold2,we managed to build a pseudoatomic model of the outer rings,including the Y complexes and flanking *** this most comprehensive and accurate model of outer rings to date,the almost complete Y complex structure exhibits much tighter interaction in the hub *** addition to two copies of Y complexes,each asymmetric subunit in CR contains five copies of Nup358,two copies of the Nup214 complex,two copies of Nup205 and one copy of newly identified Nup93,while that in NR contains one copy of Nup205,one copy of ELYS and one copy of *** in-depth structural features represent a great advance in understanding the assembly of NPCs.

关键词： nuclear pore complex cryo-EM Xenopus laevis AlphaFold2 nuclear ring cytoplasmic ring

Live-cell fluorescence imaging of ciliary dynamics

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Biophysics Reports 2021年第2期7卷 101-110页

作者： Quanlong Lü chuanmao zhang Christopher J.Westlake Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation College of Life Sciences Peking University

The cilium was one of the first organelles observed through a microscope. Motile cilia appear as oscillating cell appendages and have long been recognized to function in cell motility. In contrast, the far more widespread non-motile cilia, termed primary cilia, were thought to be vestigial and largely ignored following their initial description over a century ago. Only in the last two decades has the critical function of primary cilia been elucidated. Primary cilia play essential roles in signal transduction,chemical sensation, mechanosensation and light detection. Various microscopy approaches have been important for characterizing the structure, dynamics and function of the cilia. In this review, we discuss the application of live-cell imaging technologies and their contribution to our current understanding of ciliary processes.

关键词： Cilia Ciliogenesis Ciliary dynamics Live-cell fluorescence imaging

The microtubule aster formation and its role in nuclear envelope assembly around the sperm chromatin in Xenopus egg extracts

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第18期48卷 1912-1918页

作者： YANG Ning CHEN Zhongcai LU Ping zhang chuanmao ZHAI Zhonghe TANG Xiaowei Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Accademy of SciencesBeij ing 100039China Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China National Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology College of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Nuclear envelope is a dynamic structure in the cell cycle. At the beginning of mitosis, nuclear envelope breaks down and its components disperse into the cytoplasm. At the end of mitosis, nuclear envelope reassembles using the dispersed components. Searching for the mechanisms of the nuclear disassembly and reassembly has for a long time been one of the key projects for cell biologists. In this report we show that microtubules take a role in the nuclear envelope assembly around the sperm chromatin in Xenopus egg ex-tracts. Microtubule cytoskeleton has been demonstrated to take roles in the transport of intracellular membranes such as Golgi and ER vesicles. We found that the nuclear envelope assembly needs functional microtubules. At the beginning of the nuclear assembly, microtubules nucleated to form a microtubule aster around the centrosome at the base of the sperm head. Using the microtubule drug colchicine to dis-rupt the microtubule nucleation, nuclear envelope reassem-bly was seriously inhibited. If the microtubules were stabi-lized by taxol, another microtubule drug, the nuclear enve-lope reassembly was also interfered, although a significantly large aster formed around the chromatin. Based on these observations, we propose that microtubules play an impor-tant role in the nuclear envelope reassembly maybe by transporting the nuclear envelope precursors to the chroma-tin surfaces.

关键词： nuclear reassembly microtubule colchicine taxol Xenopus egg extracts.

Dzipl-mediated Rab8 GDP-GTP Cycling at Cilium Base Promotes Ciliogenesis and Hedgehog Pathway Activation

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Dzipl-mediated Rab8 GDP-GTP Cycling at Cilium Base Promotes ...

Observation of nuclei reassembled from demembranatedXenopus sperm nuclei and analysis of their laminacomponents

第四届“细胞结构与功能的信号基础研讨会”长白山会议

作者： Boyan zhang Tingting zhang chuanmao zhang The Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education and the State Key Laboratory of Bio-membrane and Membrane Bio-engineering College of Life SciencesPeking University

The primary cilium organizes many signal transduction cascades during individual development,loss of which results in ***, the molecular basis that governs cihogenesis remains ***,we show that Dzipl is highly expressed in ciliated cells and promotes cihogenesis at the stage of ciliary membrane *** enriches at the periciliary diffusion barrier and asymmetrically localizes to mother *** of Dzipl causes failure of ciliary recruitment of Rab8,a protein targets vesicle docking and fusing from trans-Golgi to basal body and promotes ciliary membrane *** selectively recognizes Rab8 and provides Rab8 gradient at cilium base,which facilitates efficient Rabin8-mediated Rab8 GDPGTP ***,the ciliary recruitment of Smoothened,a crucial step in Hedgehog pathway activation,is mediated by Rab8 directly,but abolished in Dzipl knockdown ***,our data reveals novel function of the member(s) of periciliary diffusion barrier in cihogenesis and signaling transduction.

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Cell Research 1994年第2期4卷 163-172页

作者： QU JIAN chuanmao zhang ZHONGHE ZHAI.(College of Life Sciences, Beijing University, Beijing100871, China) College of Life Sciences Beijing University Beijing China

A cell-free preparation obtained from extracts of activated Xenopus laevis eggs induced chromatin decondensation and nuclear formation from demembranated Xenopus sperm nuclei. Electron microscopy revealed that the reassembled nucleus had a double-layered nuclear membrane, nuclear pore complexes, and decondensed chromatin etc. Indirect immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated the presence of lamina in newly assembled nuclei. Western-blotting results showed that lamin LII was present in egg extracts and in lamina of the reassembled nuclei which were previously reported to contain only eggderived lamin LIII.

关键词： Nuclear assembly in vitro Xenopus laevis Lamina

Sequential Phosphorylation of Nedd1 by Cdk1 and Plk1 is required for γTuRC targeting to centrosome

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生物物理学报 2009年第S1期25卷 245-246页

作者： Xiaoyan zhang, Qiang Chen, Qing Jiang and chuanmao zhang The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Bio-membrane and Membrane Bio-engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Nedd1 (neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated gene 1) is an evolutionarily conserved protein that has previously been characterized as a new member

关键词： Sequential Phosphorylation of Nedd1 by Cdk1 and Plk1 is required for TuRC targeting to centrosome