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Thulium：YAG VapoEnucleation of the prostate in large glands： a prospective comparison using 70- and 120-W 2-μm lasers

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 325-329页

作者： christopher Netsch Thorsten Bach Thomas RW Herrmann Andreas J Gross Department of Urology Asklepios Hospital BarmbekHamburg 22291Germany Department of Urology MHH Medical School of HannoverHannover 30625Germany

This study compared the efficacy of 70- and 120-w 2-μm thulium：YAG VapoEnucleation of the prostate （ThuVEp） for patients with benign prostatic obstruction （BpO）. A prospective analysis of 84 patients with symptomatic BpO and prostatic enlargement （t〉 60 ml） who underwent either 70-w （n=44） or 120-w ThuVEp （n=40） non-randomly was carried out. patient demographics and perioperative and 12-month follow-up data were analysed. The mean prostate volume was 79.90---27.49 ml in patients who had received 70-w ThuVEp, which was less than in those who had received 120-w ThuVEp （88.53＋-25.10; p=0.033）. The mean enucleation （resected weight/laser time, 2.16±1.21 g min-1 vs. 1.23±0.60 g min-1; p=-0.013）, operation efficiency （resected weight/total operation time, 0.76±0.35 g min-1 vs. 0.42＋-0.27 g min-1; p=-0.000） and percentage of resected tissue （66.93%±22.79% vs. 45.41%±23.33%; p=-0.000） were higher with 120-w treatment compared to 70-w ThuVEp. One patient （1.2% of total patients）（in the 120-w group） required a blood transfusion postoperatively. Sixty-one patients （73%） were available for review at the 12-month follow-up time point. The quality of life （QoL）, International prostate Symptom Score （IpSS）, maximum urinary flow rate （Qmax）, postvoiding residual urine （pVR） and prostate volume improved significantly after treatment （p≤ 0.035） and were not significantly different between those treated with the different devices （70- and 120-w）. The median prostate volume reduction was 81.70% and 82.19% with 70- and 120-w ThuVEp, respectively. The incidence of complications was low and did not differ between groups treated with the different devices. Two patients （2.4%）（one per group） had a bladder neck contracture at the follow-up. ThuVEp is a safe and efficacious procedure for the treatment of symptomatic BpO. The incidence of complications was low with both devices. The 120-w thulium：YAG device enhances the effectiveness of Th,VEp with reeard to the oercentaee of resected tissue

关键词： benign prostatic obstruction laser prostate Revolix Tm:YAG ThuVEp VapoEnucleation

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What job can a bug give?A controversy over the arsenic-guzzling bacterium cultured by NASA

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protein & Cell 2011年第4期2卷 261-263页

作者： Mingwei Sun christopher J.Vavricka Baoli Zhu CAS Key Laboratory of pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CASPMI)Beijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China

The mysteries of life’s evolution on our planet drive us to explore the limits of *** forms on Earth as we know are composed of six essential elements:carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,sulfur and ***,a recently published research work funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA),USA,has almost shaken the fundamental knowledge about what is life made of on *** research team led by NASA astrobiologist Felisa Wolfe-Simon described a microbe isolated from California’s Mono Lake that could sustain its growth by using toxic chemical arsenic(As)instead of phosphorus(p).This surprising discovery was published online by Science Express on December 2 last year(Wolfe-Simon et al.,2010,online).If the authors of the paper were right,we would have to expand our definition of life on this *** arsenic-bug they grew was dubbed GFAJ-1,which interestingly stands for“Give Felisa A Job.”

关键词： bug planet Express

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CROSS-LINKING OF AROMATIC pOLY(THIOETHER)S

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2007年第5期25卷 509-517页

作者： Matthew M. Yonkey Dillip K. Mohanty christopher Crouse Zhong-biao Zhang Department of Chemistry Central Mich-igan University Mt. Pleasant M1-48858 USA Department of Chemistry Rice-University Houston TX-77251 USA Department of Chemistry Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA-24060 USA

A novel cross-linking process using two high molecular weight aromatic poly（thioether）s, which were synthesized by the reactions of 4,4＇-thiobisbenzenethiol with 4,4＇-difluorobenzophenone and 4,4＇-difluorodiphenylsulfone, respectively, and commercially available lower molecular weight poly（p-phenylene sulfide） was investigated. These reactions were carried out in bulk by the addition of silver tetrafluroborate and α,α＇-dibromo-p-xylene at 190℃ over a period of 45 min. Furthermore, the same procedure could be modified to cross-link compression-molded films of these three polymers. The thermal and solubility behaviors of these polymers before and after cross-linking reactions, are presented.

关键词： Aromatic poly(thioether)s Chemical cross-linking Solubility Thermal stability.

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Accelerating rural transformation in Asian developing countries

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第12期22卷 3565-3567页

作者： HUANG Ji-kun Dong WANG christopher FINDLAY Chunlai CHEN China Center for Agricultural policy School of Advanced Agricultural SciencesPeking University Beijing 100871P.R.China Crawford School of public policy Australian National UniversityCanberra 2600Australia

All developing countries experience a process of rural transformation(RT),and the evidence available to date says that economies that transform their rural sectors more rapidly achieve faster growth and are also more ***,not all countries are *** special focus contains five papers related to the nature of rural transformation,its components,and consequences.

关键词： transformation consequences faster

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ArcGIS地理信息系统教程 1版

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丛书名：高等学校教材

2012年

作者：（美）Maribeth price

本书以GIS和ArcGIS 10为两条主线，阐述了GIS基本概念及相关理论，编写了循序渐进的教学说明，结合恰当的实际案例应用，系统介绍了ArcGIS 10的概念、功能和用途。

ISBN: (数字)9787121158582

ISBN: (纸本)9787121158582

关键词：地理信息系统应用软件

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和政策中的协同效益方面的国际经验

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科学与管理 2013年第3期33卷 3-6页

作者： christopher Williams Ali Hasanbeigi Grace Wu Lynn price 劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室环境能源技术部能源分析和环境影响处中国能源研究室美国加州大学伯克利分校能源和资源组

提高能效和燃料转换效率是温室气体减排战略的一部分。过去二十年，很多研究显示这两方面带来气候变化以外的好处，多半介于这些政策方案实施成本的30％到超过100％。国际上，政策制定者对于分析能效政策和燃料转换效率政策同时纳入对... 详细信息

提高能效和燃料转换效率是温室气体减排战略的一部分。过去二十年，很多研究显示这两方面带来气候变化以外的好处，多半介于这些政策方案实施成本的30％到超过100％。国际上，政策制定者对于分析能效政策和燃料转换效率政策同时纳入对温室气体和非温室气体两方面影响的探讨愈来愈感兴趣。欧盟、美国与日本已开发出一套相当成熟的方法。通常，协同效益的定量工作可分为三类：（1）协同效益模型；（2）事前的政策评估方法；（3）由学者建立的框架，意在改善这方面的研究，并将协同效益应用到更多的地区和政策方案上。表ES-1将协同效益定量方面的几个重点模型、指南和框架做了摘要。

关键词：能源效率协同效益气候变化政策协同效益定量方法国际实践

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Enteric glia mediate neuronal outgrowth through release of neurotrophic factors

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第28期7卷 2165-2175页

作者： christopher R. Hansebout Kiran Reddy Donald Zhang Michel p. Rathbone Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery Neuroscience and Neurobiology) McMaster University Health Sciences Centre HamiltonON L8S 4K1 Canada Hamilton NeuroRestorative Group (NRG) McMaster University Health Sciences Centre Hamilton ON L8S 4K1 Canada Cleveland Clinic Spine Institute Cleveland OH 44195 USA Department of Medicine (Neurology Neurobiochemistry) McMaster University Health Sciences Centre Hamilton ON L8S 4K1 Canada

previous studies have shown that transplanted enteric glia enhance axonal regeneration, reduce tissue damage, and promote functional recovery following spinal cord injury. However, the mechanisms by which enteric glia mediate these beneficial effects are unknown. Neurotrophic factors can promote neuronal differentiation, survival and neurite extension. We hypothesized that enteric glia may exert their protective effects against spinal cord injury partially through the secretion of neurotrophic factors. In the present study, we demonstrated that primary enteric glia cells release nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor over time with their concentrations reaching approximately 250, 100 and 50 pg/mL of culture medium respectively after 48 hours. The biological relevance of this secretion was assessed by incubating dissociated dorsal root ganglion neuronal cultures in enteric glia-conditioned medium with and/or without neutralizing antibodies to each of these proteins and evaluating the differences in neurite growth. We discovered that conditioned medium enhances neurite outgrowth in dorsal root ganglion neurons. Even though there was no detectable amount of neurotrophin-3 secretion using ELISA analysis, the neurite outgrowth effect can be attenuated by the antibody-mediated neutralization of each of the aforementioned neurotrophic factors. Therefore, enteric glia secrete nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 into their surrounding environment in concentrations that can cause a biological effect.

关键词： spinal cord injury dorsal root ganglia enteric glia neurotrophic factor neurite outgrowth regeneration cell culture immunohistochemistry central nervous system neuroregeneration

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银杏叶提取物及其主要成分抗氧化作用的比较(英文)

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中药材 2009年第5期32卷 736-740页

作者：刘晓平栾佳杰 christopher E.p.Goldring 皖南医学院药学系安徽芜湖241001 皖南医学院弋矶山医院安徽芜湖241001 英国利物浦大学药理系

目的:比较银杏叶提取物(EGb)及其主要成分(银杏黄酮,银杏帖内酯)的抗氧化作用。方法:用EGb、银杏黄酮和银杏帖内酯作用于细胞,Western-blot检测其对抗氧化酶GCLC的诱导作用;用相应的功能检测法测定EGb、银杏黄酮和银杏帖内酯在体外直接... 详细信息

目的:比较银杏叶提取物(EGb)及其主要成分(银杏黄酮,银杏帖内酯)的抗氧化作用。方法:用EGb、银杏黄酮和银杏帖内酯作用于细胞,Western-blot检测其对抗氧化酶GCLC的诱导作用;用相应的功能检测法测定EGb、银杏黄酮和银杏帖内酯在体外直接清除超氧阴离子及羟自由基、抑制大鼠红细胞溶血及大鼠肝组织的脂质过氧化的作用。结果:EGb和银杏黄酮可诱导抗氧化酶GCLC的表达,并能直接清除超氧阴离子及羟自由基、抑制大鼠红细胞溶血及大鼠肝组织的脂质过氧化,而银杏帖内酯无明显的抗氧化作用。EGb的这些抗氧化作用均强于银杏黄酮。结论:EGb抗氧化作用强于银杏黄酮,而银杏帖内酯没有明显的抗氧化作用。

关键词：银杏叶提取物银杏黄酮银杏帖内酯抗氧化作用

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Assessment of scapulohumeral rhythm for scapular plane shoulder elevation using a modified digital inclinometer

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第6期3卷 87-94页

作者： Jason S Scibek christopher R Carcia Department of Athletic Training School of Health Sciences Duquesne UniversityJohn G Rangos Sr.Pittsburgh PA 15282 United States Department of physical Therapy School of Health Sciences Duquesne UniversityJohn G Rangos Sr.Pittsburgh PA 15282 United States

AIM: To develop a better understanding of scapulohumeral rhythm during scapular plane shoulder ***: Thirteen healthy, college-aged subjects participated in this study. Subjects were free from any upper extremity, neck or back pathology. A modified digital inclinometer was utilized to measure scapular upward rotation of the subject's dominant shoulder. Upward rotation was measured statically as subjects performed clinically relevant amounts of shoulder elevation in the scapular plane. Testing order was randomized by arm position. Scapular upward rotation was assessed over the entire arc of motion and over a series of increments. The percent contributions to shoulder elevation for the scapula and glenohumeral joint were calculated. Scapulohumeral rhythm was assessed and represented the ratio of glenohumeral motion to scapulothoracic motion(glenohumeral elevation: scapular upward rotation). A one-way ANOVA wasused to compare scapular upward rotation between elevation ***: Scapulohumeral rhythm for the entire arc of shoulder elevation was equal to a ratio of 2.34 :1 and ranged from 40.01:1 to 0.90:1 when assessed across the different increments of humeral elevation. Total scapular motion increased over the arc of shoulder elevation. The scapula contributed 2.53% of total motion for the first 30 degrees of shoulder elevation, between 20.87% and 37.53% for 30o-90 o of shoulder elevation, and 52.73% for 90o-120 o of shoulder elevation. Statistically significant differences in scapular upward rotation were identified across the shoulder elevation increments [F(3,48) = 12.63, p = 0.0001].CONCLUSION: Clinically, we must recognize the usefulness of the inclinometer in documenting the variable nature of scapulohumeral rhythm in healthy and injured shoulders.

关键词： Biomechanics Kinematics Scapula Shoulder

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Intracellular signaling mechanisms regulating the activation of human eosinophils by the novel Th2 cytokine IL-33:implications for allergic inflammation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第1期7卷 26-34页

作者： Joyce YS Chow Chun K Wong phyllis FY Cheung christopher WK Lam Department of Chemical pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalShatinNTHong KongChina Macao Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health Macao University of Science and Technology FoundationMacaoChina

The novel interleukin(IL)-1 family cytokine IL-33 has been shown to activate T helper 2(Th2)lymphocytes,mast cells and basophils to produce an array of proinflammatory cytokines,as well as to mediate blood eosinophilia,IgE secretion and hypertrophy of airway epithelium in *** the present study,we characterized the activation of human eosinophils by IL-33,and investigated the underlying intracellular signaling ***-33 markedly enhanced eosinophil survival and upregulated cell surface expression of the adhesion molecule intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM)-1 on eosinophils,but it suppressed that of ICAM-3 and *** addition,IL-33 mediates significant release of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and the chemokines CXCL8 and *** found that IL33-mediated enhancement of survival,induction of adhesion molecules,and release of cytokines and chemokines were differentially regulated by activation of the nuclear factor(NF)-KB,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MApK)and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)***,we compared the above IL-33 activities with two structurally and functionally related cytokines,IL-1 B and ***-1β,but not IL-18,markedly upregulated cell surface expression of ***-1βand IL-18 also significantly enhanced eosinophil survival,and induced the release of IL-6 and chemokines CXCL8 and CCL2 via the activation of the NF-κB,p38 MApK and ERK *** efects on the release of IL-6 were also observed in combined treatment withIL-1B,IL-18 and *** together,our findings provide insight into IL-33-mediated activation of eosinophils via differential intracellular signaling cascades in the immunopathogenesis of allergic inflammation.

关键词： allergy cytokines eosinophils signal transduction

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