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Deoxidation of Molten Steel by Aluminum

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2015年第10期22卷 905-908页

作者： Guo-hua ZHANG kuo-chih chou State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

The deoxidation equilibrium of liquid steel was investigated from a new perspective. Dissolved associate MmOn was used to describe the interaction between dissolved M and dissolved oxygen instead of the interaction parameter of Wagner. The concentration of unassociated oxygen could be considered as the activity of oxygen. Or, the percentage of unassociated oxygen in the total dissolved oxygen was the activity coefficient of oxygen. When the content of deoxidizer was low, the dissolved oxygen was mainly composed of the unassociated oxygen, while more and more MxO formed with gradually increasing M content. The present model gave a good description to the aluminum deoxidation equilibrium after considering AlO and Al2O. Furthermore, the higher the con- tent of A1 was, the higher the content of Al2O relative to the content of AlO would be.

关键词： deoxidation equilibrium activity coefficient associated oxygen unassociated oxygen interaction coefficient

A 30-year overview of sodium-ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 56-98页

作者： Yun Gao Hang Zhang Jian Peng Lin Li Yao Xiao Li Li Yang Liu Yun Qiao Shu-Lei chou School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials University of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia

Sodium-ion batteries(NIBs)have emerged as a promising alternative to commercial lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to the similar properties of the Li and Na elements as well as the abundance and accessibility of Na *** of the current research has been focused on the half-cell system(using Na metal as the counter electrode)to evaluate the performance of the cathode/anode/*** relationship between the performance achieved in half cells and that obtained in full cells,however,has been neglected in much of this ***,the trade-off in the relationship between electrochemical performance and cost needs to be given more ***,systematic and comprehensive insights into the research status and key issues for the full-cell system need to be gained to advance its ***,this review evaluates the recent progress based on various cathodes and highlights the most significant challenges for full *** strategies have also been proposed to enhance the electrochemical performance of NIBs,including designing electrode materials,optimizing electrolytes,sodium compensation,and so ***,perspectives and outlooks are provided to guide future research on sodium-ion full cells.

关键词： commercial application electrode electrolyte sodium-ion full cell strategies

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利用阻抗谱测定氧化锆试样的电导率

武汉科技大学学报 2005年第3期28卷 237-240页

作者：高运明郭兴敏周国治湖北省钢铁冶金重点实验室(武汉科技大学) 湖北武汉430081 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院北京100083

利用阻抗谱测定了2.18%MgO稳定的ZrO2试样在空气中的电导率随温度的变化曲线.结果表明,在1 165～1 730 K温度变化范围内,电导率在6.0×10-4～3.3×10-2S·cm-1范围内变化;电导率随温度变化曲线可分为4段,其中,在1 423～1 523 K范围内发... 详细信息

利用阻抗谱测定了2.18%MgO稳定的ZrO2试样在空气中的电导率随温度的变化曲线.结果表明,在1 165～1 730 K温度变化范围内,电导率在6.0×10-4～3.3×10-2S·cm-1范围内变化;电导率随温度变化曲线可分为4段,其中,在1 423～1 523 K范围内发生单斜相向四方相的转变,1 673 K以上存在四方相向立方相的转变,导致电导率的跳跃升高.

关键词：阻抗谱氧化锆电导率

Mobile-ionic FETs with ultra-scaled amorphous dielectric achieving ferroelectric behaviors and sub-kT/q swing with temperature down to 77 K

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 312-313页

作者： Huan LIU Qiyu YANG Chengji JIN Jiajia CHEN Lulu chou Xiao YU Yan LIU Genquan HAN Research Center for Intelligent Chips School of Microelectronics Xidian University

The steep subthreshold swing (SS) could be achieved in negative capacitance field-effect transistors (NCFET) to reduce power dissipation in modern electronics. Polycrystalline Hf O2-based ferroelectric materials have attracted great interest due to their better thickness scalability and CMOS process compatibility [1].

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Flexible multilayer MEMS coils and their application in energy harvesters

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 1282-1293页

作者： ZHANG Jie HOU XiaoJuan QIAN Shuo BI XiaoXue HU DongXu LIU JianJun GENG WenPing MU JiLiang HE Jian chou XiuJian Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Software North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

Electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters are promising for the power supply of wireless sensor nodes,small electronic devices,and wearable *** electromagnetic harvesters usually increase output by increasing the size of coils and magnets,limiting the improvement of energy conversion efficiency and power *** this study,multilayer microelectromechanical system(MEMS)coils were prepared using flexible electronics,and their high integration performance in arbitrary space was utilized to greatly improve the utilization of the space magnetic field by the electromagnetic *** core magnet of the generator was magnetically balanced to achieve levitation,which improved the sensitivity and reduced fatigue damage compared with traditional spring *** wound coils on the top and bottom of the magnet and the flexible coils on the sides worked together to improve the energy efficiency and output of the *** output performance of the device with different number distributions was simulated using mathematical models to obtain the optimal structural *** results show that by introducing flexible multilayer MEMS coils on the side surface of the energy harvester,the open-circuit voltage of the energy generators increased from 7 to 10 V by more than 43%.Flexible multilayer MEMS coils can enhance energy conversion rates and possess compact dimensions,making them suitable for integration onto complex *** the vibration energy harvesting system testing,the maximum peak power of the harvester was 7.1 m W at an acceleration of1 g and a resonant frequency of 11 Hz with a resistor of 3.5 kΩinternal ***,a 470μF capacitor can be charged to 3.5 V within 10 s to drive a hygrothermograph to work for more than 80 s and can supply a light bulb *** strategy shows the great potential of vibration-energy-driven electromagnetic generators for powering small electronics in limited spaces.

关键词： electromagnetic harvester mechanical energy harvesting multilayer MEMS coils magnetic levitation overall space magnetic field flexible planar coils

Hybrid electromechanical properties of hetero-doped and homogeneously bonded dual-mode pressure sensor for indoor body area network node

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 240-253页

作者： Junbin YU Shuai XIAN Jinbiao MU Min WANG Yin WANG Xiaojuan HOU Le ZHANG Jian HE Jiliang MU Xiujian chou Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of China Sichuan Aerospace Fenghuo Servo Control Technology Corporation

Pressure sensors are considerably important for continuous monitoring of human movement and the surrounding environment to construct a caregiving system for the elderly living *** challenge for pressure sensors that still remains is combining self-driven,comfort,and ***,an all-in-one conformal pressure sensor(ACPS) based on a homogeneous integrated triboelectric-piezoelectric hybrid sensor is *** ACPS has dual-mode sensing properties due to coupling triboelectrification and piezoelectric effect ensuring a stable response to various external ***-coated glass microspheres and polyacrylonitrile were uniformly filleted into the silicone rubber substrate using a hetero-doping method to create a stretchable electrode layer with flexible conformal characteristics and a piezoelectric layer with excellent piezoelectric properties,***,the triboelectric layer was fabricated using the same silicone rubber,allowing ACPS to be homogeneously bonded into an all-in-one structure with reliable *** allowed various functional layers to have outstanding interface characteristics and thus improve the electrical transmission *** developed ACPS had outstanding sensitivity(1.04 V/104Pa),high linearity(about 0.984),a wide measurement range(10–700 k Pa),and can accurately and continuously distinguish multiple ***,using a homemade signal processing circuit,ACPSs can be deployed in the human body and the room as indoor body area network *** successfully applied to the remote tracking of daily dynamic home life and the remote operation of small electrical equipment,these ACPSs can achieve real-time caregiving for the elderly living *** an application area desperately needed by society,this study envisions a caregiving system for the elderly living alone without violating personal privacy.

关键词： dual-mode pressure sensor homogeneous bonding all-in-onestructure indoor body area network node elderly caregiving microsystem

Viscosity and Structure Changes of CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-CaF_2 Melts with Substituting Al_2O_3 for SiO_2

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2016年第7期23卷 633-637页

作者： Guo-hua ZHANG Yu-lan ZHEN kuo-chih chou State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing

During the smelting process of the high Al steels,the reaction between SiOin molten slag and dissolved aluminum in liquid steel always takes *** aluminathermic reduction reaction will lead to the substitution of 1mol SiOfor 2/3mol ***,the investigations about the influence of the ratio of AlOto SiOon viscosity and structure changes of mould flux during this process are very *** viscosity variation of CaO-SiO-AlO-CaFv2 melts was studied by changing compositions considering the aluminathermic reduction *** was found that viscosity increased monotonously with gradually increasing the substitution *** to the Raman analysis,the substitution of AlOfor SiOleads to the decrease of non-bridging oxygen but the increase of bridging ***,degree of polymerization and viscosity increase as the substitution extent *** comparing the measured viscosities with the model calculated values,it was found that both the recently developed Zhang′s model and Roboud model could describe the viscosity variation behavior of CaO-SiO-AlO-CaFmelts very well.

关键词： high aluminum steel CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-CaF_2 viscosity Raman spectrum mould flux

Reaction mechanisms for 0.5Li_2MnO_3 ·0.5LiMn_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)O_2 precursor prepared by low-heating solid state reaction

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第9期19卷 856-862页

作者： Dong Li Fang Lian Xin-mei Hou kuo-chih chou School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Department of Physical Chemisitry University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Lithium-excess manganese layered oxides, which are commonly described in chemical formula 0.5Li2MnO3·0.5LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2, were prepared by low-heating solid state reaction. The reaction mechanisms of synthesizing precursors, the decomposition mechanism, and intermediate materials in calcination were investigated by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM）, thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）, and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The major diffraction patterns of 0.5Li2MnO3·0.5LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 powder calcinated at 720℃ for 15 h are indexed to the hexagonal structure with a space group of R3m, and the clear splits of doublets at （006）/（102） and （108）/（110） indicate that the sample adopts a well-layered structure. FESEM images show that the size of the agglomerated particles of the sample ranges from 100 to 300 nm.

关键词： lithium batteries electrode manganese oxide solid state reactions calcination

High Cr(Ⅵ) adsorption capacity of rutile titania prepared by hydrolysis of TiCl4 with AlCl3 addition

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第8期27卷 1157-1163页

作者： Shun Wu Xiao-bo He Li-jun Wang kuo-chih chou Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Rutile titania(TiO2)was successfully prepared via hydrolysis of TiCl4 in the presence of *** powders were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)surface area *** the present system,AlCl3 functions as a nucleating agent and induces the formation of rutile *** influences of HCl and isopropanol concentrations on the purity and morphology of the rutile TiO2 were *** purity of the rutile TiO2 increased with increasing concentration of *** dispersed rutile TiO2 particles with a spherical morphology were obtained when the HCl and isopropanol concentrations were 0.5 and 1 mol·L-1,***,the prepared TiO2 powders were used in adsorption tests of the heavy metal pollutant Cr(Ⅵ).Rutile TiO2 sample S-9 demonstrated greater adsorption performance and a removal efficiency that was greater than 99.95%after60 min of adsorption when the Cr(Ⅵ)concentration was 200 mg·*** maximum adsorption capacity on rutile TiO2 was 28.9 mg·*** work provides an easy path to prepare a high-performance rutile TiO2 adsorbent with potential applications in water pollution treatment.

关键词： rutile titania hydrolysis spherical particles adsorption