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A revisit of three studies related to random testing

Science China(Information Sciences) 2015年第5期58卷 49-57页

作者： chen tsong yueh KUO Fei-Ching TOWEY Dave ZHOU Zhi Quan Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Swinburne University of Technology School of Computer Science The University of Nottingham Ningbo China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Wollongong

Software testing is an approach that ensures the quality of software through execution, with a goal being to reveal failures and other problems as quickly as possible. Test case selection is a fundamental issue in software testing, and has generated a large body of research, especially with regards to the effectiveness of random testing(RT), where test cases are randomly selected from the software’s input domain. In this paper, we revisit three of our previous studies. The first study investigated a sufficient condition for partition testing(PT)to outperform RT, and was motivated by various controversial and conflicting results suggesting that sometimes PT performed better than RT, and sometimes the opposite. The second study aimed at enhancing RT itself, and was motivated by the fact that RT continues to be a fundamental and popular testing technique. This second study enhanced RT fault detection effectiveness by making use of the common observation that failure-causing inputs tend to cluster together, and resulted in a new family of RT techniques: adaptive random testing(ART),which is random testing with an even spread of test cases across the input domain. Following the successful use of failure-causing region contiguity insights to develop ART, we conducted a third study on how to make use of other characteristics of failure-causing inputs to develop more effective test case selection strategies. This third study revealed how best to approach testing strategies when certain characteristics of the failure-causing inputs are known, and produced some interesting and important results. In revisiting these three previous studies, we explore their unexpected commonalities, and identify diversity as a key concept underlying their *** observation further prompted us to examine whether or not such a concept plays a role in other areas of software testing, and our conclusion is that, yes, diversity appears to be one of the most important concepts in the fie

关键词： adaptive random testing diversity metamorphic testing proportional sampling strategy random testing software testing

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失效区域紧致性对适应性随机测试的性能影响(英文)

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软件学报 2006年第12期17卷 2438-2449页

作者：陈宗岳郭斐菁孙昌爱 Faculty of Information and Communication Technologies Swinburne University of Technology

适应性随机测试是一种增强的随机测试方法.已有的研究发现失效区域的紧致程度是影响适应性随机测试性能的几个基本因素之一,并仅在失效区域为长方形的情形下验证了上述猜想.采用仿真实验的方法进一步研究失效区域的紧致程度与适应性随... 详细信息

适应性随机测试是一种增强的随机测试方法.已有的研究发现失效区域的紧致程度是影响适应性随机测试性能的几个基本因素之一,并仅在失效区域为长方形的情形下验证了上述猜想.采用仿真实验的方法进一步研究失效区域的紧致程度与适应性随机测试的性能之间的精确关系.研究了几种基本规则形状的和不规则形状的失效区域.实验结果表明适应性随机测试方法的性能随着失效区域的紧致程度的增强而提高.该研究进一步地揭示了适应性随机测试优于随机测试的基本条件.

关键词：软件测试随机测试适应性随机测试失效模式

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一种基于数据流分析的冗余变异体识别方法

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计算机学报 2019年第1期42卷 44-60页

作者：孙昌爱郭新玲张翔宇陈宗岳北京科技大学计算机与通信工程学院北京100083 普渡大学计算机科学系美国西拉法叶47906 斯文本大学计算机科学与软件工程系

变异测试是一种基于故障的软件测试技术,广泛用来评估测试用例集的充分性与软件测试技术的有效性.尽管变异测试具有较强的故障检测能力,但由于数量庞大的变异体导致了计算开销大的问题,阻碍了变异测试在实践中的广泛应用.为了增强变异... 详细信息

变异测试是一种基于故障的软件测试技术,广泛用来评估测试用例集的充分性与软件测试技术的有效性.尽管变异测试具有较强的故障检测能力,但由于数量庞大的变异体导致了计算开销大的问题,阻碍了变异测试在实践中的广泛应用.为了增强变异测试的实用性,该文从减少变异体数量和缩短变异测试执行时间的角度出发研究变异测试的优化技术,提出冗余变异体的概念和一种基于数据流分析的冗余变异体识别方法.采用11个C程序以经验研究的方式评估了所提冗余变异体识别方法的可行性与有效性.实验结果表明,该文提出的冗余变异体识别方法不仅可以识别出大量的冗余变异体,有效地减少了变异测试执行时间,还提供了一种评价变异算子质量的方法.该文提出的冗余变异体概念及其识别方法可以有效地提高变异测试的效率,并为资源受限的情况下如何选择变异算子进行变异测试提供了指导方针.

关键词：软件测试变异测试冗余变异体数据流分析变异优化

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Plasmacytosis mimicking multiple myeloma in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 3226-3234页

作者： Chia-Ching Lin Hsu-Lin Lee Hsin-Yi Chuo Tuo-An chen Ming-yueh Liu Li-Mien chen Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Armed Forces General HospitalKaohsiung 802Taiwan Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of SurgeryTri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Internal MedicineTaichung Armed Forces General HospitalTaichung 411Taiwan Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Internal MedicineTri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Taichung Armed-Forces General HospitalTaichung 411Taiwan Department of Pathology Taichung Armed-Forces General HospitalTaichung 411Taiwan Department of Radiation Oncology Taichung Armed-Forces General HospitalTaichung 411Taiwan Department of Radiation Oncology Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan

BACKGROUND Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma(AITL)is a common subtype of peripheral T-cell *** half of patients with AITL may concurrently present with *** numbers of plasma cells in the bone marrow are commonly observed at *** tumors mimic plasma cell myelomas,hindering a conundrum of clinical diagnoses and potentially delaying appropriate *** SUMMARY A 78-year-old woman experienced poor appetite,weight loss of 5 kg,fatigue 2 months before presentation,and shortness of breath 2 d before presentation,but no fever or night *** examination revealed splenomegaly and many palpable masses over the bilateral axillary regions,approximately>2 cm in size,with rubbery consistency and no *** tests revealed anemia and thrombocytopenia,lactate dehydrogenase level of 153 U/L,total protein level of 10.9 g/dL,albumin to globulin ratio of 0.2,and immunoglobulin G level more than the upper limit of 3000 mg/*** free kappa and lambda light chain concentrations were 451 and 614 mg/L,respectively.A pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of *** initial treatment was the cyclophosphamide,epirubicin,vincristine,and prednisolone *** this treatment,pleural effusion was controlled,and the patient was discharged in a stable condition and followed up in our outpatient *** This report highlights the importance of differentiating reactive plasmacytosis from plasma cell myeloma in patients with hypergammaglobulinemia.A precise diagnosis of AITL requires a comprehensive evaluation,involving clinical,immunophenotypic,and histological findings conducted by a multidisciplinary team to ensure appropriate treatment.

关键词： Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma Plasmacytosis Multiple myeloma Lymphoma,Hypergammaglobulinemia Case report

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Out of sight, out of mind: a distance-aware forgetting strategy for adaptive random testing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第9期60卷 78-98页

作者： chengying MAO tsong yueh chen Fei-Ching KUO School of Software and Communication Engineering Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Swinburne University of Technology

Adaptive random testing(ART) achieves better failure-detection effectiveness than random testing by increasing the diversity of test cases. However, the intention of ensuring even spread of test cases inevitably causes an overhead problem. Although two basic forgetting strategies(i.e. random forgetting and consecutive retention) were proposed to reduce the computation cost of ART, they only considered the temporal distribution of test cases. In the paper, we presented a distance-aware forgetting strategy for the fixed size candidate set version of ART(DF-FSCS), in which the spatial distribution of test cases is taken into consideration. For a given candidate, the test cases out of its "sight" are ignored to reduce the distance computation cost. At the same time, the dynamic adjustment for partitioning and the second-round forgetting are adopted to ensure the linear complexity of DF-FSCS algorithm. Both simulation analysis and empirical study are employed to investigate the efficiency and effectiveness of DF-FSCS. The experimental results show that DF-FSCS significantly outperforms the classical ART algorithm FSCS-ART in efficiency, and has comparable failure-detection effectiveness. Compared with two basic forgetting methods, DF-FSCS is better in both efficiency and effectiveness. In contrast with a typical linear-time ART algorithm RBCVT-Fast, our algorithm requires less computational overhead and exhibits the similar failure-detection capability. In addition, DF-FSCS has more reliable performance than RBCVT-Fast in detecting failures for the programs with high-dimensional input domain.

关键词： adaptive random testing software testing test cases computational overhead diversity

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Metamorphic testing as a test case selection strategy

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第5期59卷 24-25页

作者： Dave TOWEY Yunwei DONG Chang-Ai SUN tsong yueh chen School of Computer Science The University of Nottingham Ningbo China School of Computer Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Swinburne University of Technology

Software testing is a well-known and popular approach to ensuring quality *** involves execution of the software under test(SUT),in an attempt to either offer some degree of confidence that the software is relatively bug free,or to actually uncover bugs or problems(called failures).Software testing has been studied for many years,and has generated a large body of approaches,methods,and techniques[1].An assumption underlying many of these approaches,however,is

关键词： Oracle Metamorphic testing as a test case selection strategy MT test case

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Toward a K-means clustering approach to adaptive random testing for object-oriented software

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2019年第11期62卷 204-205页

作者： Jinfu chen Minmin ZHOU T H TSE tsong yueh chen Yuchi GUO Rubing HUANG chengying MAO School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology for Industrial Cyberspace Jiangsu University Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Swinburne University of Technology School of Software and Communication Engineering Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics

Dear editor,Testing and debugging are mainstream methods for software quality assurance. In particular,random testing (RT, also known as fuzz testing) and partition testing (PT) are most widely adopted. Classical stud... 详细信息

关键词： Toward a K-means clustering approach to adaptive random testing for object-oriented software OO

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基于深度学习的代码生成方法研究进展

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软件学报 2024年第2期35卷 604-628页

作者：杨泽洲陈思榕高翠芸李振昊李戈吕荣聪哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)计算机科学与技术学院广东深圳518055 华为技术有限公司广东深圳518129 北京大学信息科学技术学院北京100871 香港中文大学计算机与工程系中国香港99907

关注根据自然语言描述生成相关代码片段的代码生成(code generation)任务.在软件开发过程中,开发人员常常会面临两种情形.一种是通用功能的实现,需要开发人员编写大量重复且技术含量较低的代码;另一种是依赖于特定任务要求,需要开发人... 详细信息

关注根据自然语言描述生成相关代码片段的代码生成(code generation)任务.在软件开发过程中,开发人员常常会面临两种情形.一种是通用功能的实现,需要开发人员编写大量重复且技术含量较低的代码;另一种是依赖于特定任务要求,需要开发人员查询文档或使用其他工具才能完成的代码编写工作.代码生成作为最直接辅助开发人员完成编码的工作受到学术界和工业界的广泛关注.让机器理解用户需求,自行完成程序编写也一直是软件工程领域重点关注的问题之一.近年来,随着深度学习在软件工程领域任务中的不断发展,尤其是预训练模型的引入使得代码生成任务取得了十分优异的性能.系统梳理当前基于深度学习的代码生成相关工作,并将目前基于深度学习的代码生成方法分为3类:基于代码特征的方法、结合检索的方法以及结合后处理的方法.第1类是指使用深度学习算法利用代码特征进行代码生成的方法,第2类和第3类方法依托于第1类方法进行改进.依次对每一类方法的已有研究成果进行系统的梳理、分析与总结.除此之外,汇总并分析已有的代码生成工作中常用的语料库与评估方法,以便于后续研究进行实验设计.最后,对代码生成方法研究进展进行总结,并针对未来值得关注的研究方向进行展望.

关键词：代码生成深度学习代码检索后处理机器翻译

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FAB MS of Permethylated L-β-Aspartamido-Carbohydrates

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 1998年第2期14卷 52-54,56-58页

作者： WANG tsong-hui chen T.F. Barofsky D.F. Department of Instrumental Analysis Institute of Forensic ScienceBeijing100038 Department of Agricultural Chemistry Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOregon 97331USA

Native glycopeptides are suitable to FAB mass spectrometric analysis due to their high polarity, low volatility and large molecular size. The deficiency in the FAB spectra of glycopeptides is the limited number of peaks and the low abundances of fragments. In order to obtain the information of carbohydrate sequence the permethylation of carbohydrate, a well known method, is recommended here. The L β aspartamido carbohydrate from chicken egg albumin was chosen as the model compound of glycopeptides. Our experiments showed obvious carbohydrate sequence in the spectra of permethylated aspartamido carbohydrates. The key conditions to perform the method are the methylation reagent and purification process for the permethylated derivatives.

关键词： Glycopeptide Ovalbumin Permethylation FABMS

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Emergent single-balloon enteroscopy for overt bleeding of small intestinal vascular malformation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第1期24卷 157-160页

作者： chen-Shuan Chung Kuan-Chih chen yueh-Hung Chou Kuo-Hsin chen Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineFar Eastern Memorial HospitalNew Taipei City 22060Taiwan College of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei City 24205Taiwan Taiwan Association for the Study of Small Intestinal Diseases(TASSID) Taoyuan City 33305Taiwan Department of Anatomical Pathology Far Eastern Memorial HospitalNew Taipei City 22060Taiwan Department of Surgery Far Eastern Memorial HospitalNew Taipei City 22060Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Yuan Ze UniversityNew Taipei City 22060Taiwan

A 28-year-old man presented with anemia symptoms and intermittent tarry stool passage for three days. No stigmata of hemorrhage were identified using esophagogastroduodenoscopy, ileocolonoscopy, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography. He then developed massive tarry stool passage with profound hypovolemic shock and hypoxic respiratory failure. Emergent angiography revealed active bleeder, probably from the jejunal branches of the superior mesenteric artery, but embolization was not performed due to possible subsequent extensive bowel ischemia. His airway was secured via endotracheal intubation with ventilator support, and emergent antegrade singleballoon enteroscopy was performed at 8 h after clinical overt bleeding occurrence; the procedure revealed a 2-cm pulsating subepithelial tumor with a protrudingblood plug at the distal jejunum. Laparoscopic segmental resection of the jejunum with end-to-end anastomosis was performed after emergent endoscopic tattooing localization. Pathological examination revealed a vascular malformation in the submucosa with an organizing thrombus. He was uneventfully discharged 5 d later. This case report highlights the benefit of early deep enteroscopy for the treatment of small intestinal bleeding.

关键词： Early endoscopy Small intestine Deep enteroscopy Device-assisted enteroscopy Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding Vascular malformation

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