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Secular Change in Stature of Urban Chinese Children and Adolescents, 1985-2010

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第1期26卷 13-22页

作者： chen tian jiao JI cheng Ye Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science Center

Objective Research evidence shows a secular trend in Chinese physical growth in recent *** aim of this study was to analyze and assess changes in stature of children and adolescents during the 25 years from 1985‐2010,using national *** Data came from successive cycles of the Chinese National Survey on Students＇ Constitution and Health（CNSSCH）.Subjects were 7‐ to 18‐year‐old children and *** An overall positive secular trend occurred in urban China during 1985‐*** overall average rates of increment were 2.4 and 1.7 cm/decade for boys and girls,*** increases in adult stature for boys and girls were 2.6 and 1.7 cm,yielding rates of 1.0 and 0.7 cm/decade,*** with different socioeconomic levels had different characteristic *** stature increases in big cities were larger than those in moderate and small cities,and boys and girls in moderate and small cities showed greater potential for growth in *** An overall positive secular growth trend was associated with socioeconomic progress and differed with area socioeconomic *** policies and strategies should be developed based on increased stature,and should continue narrowing the inequity between different socioeconomic populations.

关键词： Secular change Stature Growth Socioeconomic disparity Children and adolescents

Secular Changes on the Distribution of Body Mass Index among Chinese Children and Adolescents, 1985-2010

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第7期26卷 520-530页

作者： JI cheng Ye chen tian jiao SUN Xiao Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Center

Objective To analyze the change in Body Mass Index （BMI） distribution among Chinese children and adolescents for the development of more effective intervention for childhood obesity. Methods Data on the national students＇ constitution and health survey between 1985 and 2010 was used for this study. Subjects were students aged 7-18 randomly selected from 30 provinces in China. BMI for-age curves were developed by LMS method, and the trend of BMI distribution was determined by comparing the upper BMI percentiles and analyzing the skew shift of distribution between 2985 and 2010. Results An overall positive swift trend of BMI between 1985 and 2010 was observed among the Chinese school-age children and adolescents. The average median of the BMI increased from 16.8 and 17.0 ks/m2 to 18.2 and 17.9 kg/m2 in 25 years, with increments 0.56 and 0.36 kg/m2 per decade for males and females, respectively. The more obvious increments were found at the high BMI. The total increments of BMI in this period were 4.03 and 2.20 kg/m2 at the 85th, 6.24 and 3.57 kg/m2 at the 95th, and 6.99 and 4.27 kg/m2 at the 97th percentiles, for males and females, respectively. Conclusion Obvious increments were observed at high BMI of the Chinese children and adolescents. More effective interventions should be taken for control and prevention of obesity and its health consequence for these subgroups. It is necessary to establish a risk-complex system consisting of the identification of BMI scope, the screen of the disease risk factors and the assessment of excessive adiposity.

关键词： Body mass index Obesity Chinese School-age children Secular growth changes

Empirical Changes in the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Chinese Students from 1985 to 2010 and Corresponding Preventive Strategies

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第1期26卷 1-12页

作者： JI cheng Ye chen tian jiao Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC) Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health Peking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191 China Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health Peking UniversityHealth Science Center Beijing 100191 China' 3. WGOC.' Working Group on Obesity in China International LifeSciences Institute Focal Point in China WGOC: Working Group on Obesity in China International LifeSciences Institute Focal Point in China

Objective To determine the extent of the obesity epidemic in school‐aged Chinese children in 2010 and track the increasing trend in different socioeconomic regions over the preceding 25 years. Strategies for preventing childhood obesity are suggested. Methods We used a dataset provided by the Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health from 1985‐2010. Subjects were 7‐18‐year‐old students randomly selected from urban and rural areas in 30 provinces. Eight subgroups were created according to region and socioeconomic status. Results Increased rates of the epidemic （overweight and obesity combined） were greatest in large coastal cities‐32.6% and 19.1% among males and females, respectively. These rates has neared that of developed countries. Similar increases were found in all other regions, including the once poverty‐stricken rural west. The epidemic in most of the rural areas began after 2000, but has spread swiftly over the last decade. In 2010, it was estimated that 9.9% of Chinese school‐aged children and adolescents were overweight and that an additional 5.1% were obese, representing an estimated 30.43 million individuals. Conclusion The prognosis for China＇s childhood‐obesity epidemic is dire. To prevent childhood obesity, we suggest several strategies, including reasonable dietary intake, increase physical activity, a change in sedentary lifestyles and corresponding behavioral modifications.

关键词： Obesity Chinese school‐aged children Prevalence Temporal changes Socioeconomic status

Visual Detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus using Combined CRISPR/Cas12a and Recombinase Polymerase Amplification

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第6期35卷 518-527页

作者： JIANG Han Ji TAN Rong JIN Min YIN Jing GAO Zhi Xian LI Hai Bei SHI Dan Yang ZHOU Shu Qing chen tian jiao YANG Dong LI Jun Wen tianjin Institute of Environmental&Operational Medicine Tianjin 300050China

Objective To establish an ultra-sensitive,ultra-fast,visible detection method for Vibrio parahaemolyticus(VP).Methods We established a new method for detecting the tdh and trh genes of VP using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 12a(CRISPR/Cas12a)combined with recombinase polymerase amplification and visual detection(CRISPR/Cas12a-VD).Results CRISPR/Cas12a-VD accurately detected target DNA at concentrations as low as 10^(-18)M(single molecule detection)within 30 min without cross-reactivity against other *** detecting pure cultures of VP,the consistency of results reached 100%compared with real-time *** method accurately analysed pure cultures and spiked shrimp samples at concentrations as low as 10^(2)CFU/*** The novel CRISPR/Cas12a-VD method for detecting VP performed better than traditional detection methods,such as real-time PCR,and has great potential for preventing the spread of pathogens.

关键词： Vibrio parahaemolyticus CRISPR/Cas12a-VD Isothermal amplification Recombinase polymerase amplification Visual detection Cross-reactivity

北京市中学生腰围与体质指数及代谢综合征相关性状分析

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北京大学学报（医学版） 2012年第3期44卷 355-358页

作者：陈天娇季成叶北京大学公共卫生学院妇女与儿童青少年卫生学系北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所北京100191

目的:分析北京市中学生不同腰围水平与代谢综合征相关性状的关系,为我国学龄儿童青少年腰围标准制定提供依据。方法:选择北京市1427名13～18岁中学生,测量身高、体重、腰围、血压、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋... 详细信息

目的:分析北京市中学生不同腰围水平与代谢综合征相关性状的关系,为我国学龄儿童青少年腰围标准制定提供依据。方法:选择北京市1427名13～18岁中学生,测量身高、体重、腰围、血压、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和血糖。结合中国儿童青少年腰围正常值P75和P90,将对象分为3组。依据中国肥胖问题工作组体质指数(body mass index,BMI)超重肥胖筛查标准和2005年国际糖尿病联盟发布的代谢综合征标准,分析不同腰围组BMI超重肥胖情况,及其与代谢综合征相关性状关系。结果:高腰围水平组与低腰围水平组相比,代谢综合征各相关性状中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇均值降低,其余各指标均值均增加。除血糖和女生总胆固醇及甘油三酯外,各性状在不同腰围组差异均有统计学意义。高腰围水平组代谢综合征各组分除高血糖和女生高甘油三酯血症外发生率均显著增加,各组分聚集性也显著增加。不同腰围水平组与基于BMI的超重、肥胖筛查标准有较好相关性。结论:P75和P90的腰围分组能较好地指示代谢综合征各组分,提示心血管危险的增加。

关键词：腰围代谢综合征X 体质指数儿童青少年

北京市中小学生青春发育时相与父母生育年龄关系

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中国公共卫生 2022年第6期38卷 652-656页

作者：张祖洪陈天娇马军北京大学公共卫生学院北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所北京100191

目的探索北京市中小学生青春发育时相与父母生育年龄的关系,为进一步了解儿童青少年青春发育提供参考。方法于2012年10月,采取分层整群抽样方法对3113名来自北京市房山区16所中小学校的学生进行问卷调查,采用多分类多因素logistic回归... 详细信息

目的探索北京市中小学生青春发育时相与父母生育年龄的关系,为进一步了解儿童青少年青春发育提供参考。方法于2012年10月,采取分层整群抽样方法对3113名来自北京市房山区16所中小学校的学生进行问卷调查,采用多分类多因素logistic回归模型分析父母生育年龄对中小学生青春发育时相的影响。结果男生青春发育时相提前和延迟检出率分别为14.73%和9.61%,女生为12.84%和10.99%。调整了超重肥胖、低出生体重和家庭经济水平等因素后,多因素分析结果表明,相较于父亲生育年龄20岁~组(对照组),父亲生育年龄≥35岁组的男生青春发育提前风险升高2.36倍(95%CI=1.05~5.32),父亲生育年龄30岁~组的男生青春发育延迟风险降低为对照组的0.42倍(95%CI=0.18~0.97)。对女生而言,调整了超重肥胖、低出生体重和家庭经济水平等因素后,多因素分析表明,父亲生育年龄30岁~组和≥35岁组、母亲生育年龄30岁~组和≥35岁组的女生青春发育提前风险分别升高1.87倍(95%CI=1.10~3.19)、5.20倍(95%CI=2.68~10.08)和2.21倍(95%CI=1.32~3.70)、4.14倍(95%CI=1.79~9.53);进一步调整了父母亲生育年龄后,父亲生育年龄≥35岁组的女生青春发育提前风险是20岁~组的4.18倍(95%CI=1.73~10.13);未发现父母亲生育年龄和女生青春发育时相延迟存在相关性。结论父亲生育年龄大是男生青春发育时相提前和延迟的独立危险因素,也是女生青春发育时相提前的独立危险因素,应鼓励和倡导适龄生育。

关键词：父母生育年龄中小学生青春期发育

社会生态模式在儿童青少年肥胖防控中对体格指标的干预效果

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北京大学学报（医学版） 2015年第3期47卷 400-405页

作者：崔馨月陈天娇马军北京大学公共卫生学院北京100191 北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所北京100191

目的：探索利用社会生态模型,从“学生-学校-家庭”三个层面对学生肥胖进行干预是否有效。方法：利用分层整群抽样方法选择北京市房山区城市小学、乡村小学、城市中学和乡村中学各4所,共16所学校7~18岁学生共得到有效样本3175人,每层4... 详细信息

目的：探索利用社会生态模型,从“学生-学校-家庭”三个层面对学生肥胖进行干预是否有效。方法：利用分层整群抽样方法选择北京市房山区城市小学、乡村小学、城市中学和乡村中学各4所,共16所学校7~18岁学生共得到有效样本3175人,每层4所学校各选取2所学校共1661人,另2所学校作对照组,利用社会生态模型从“学生-学校-家庭”三个层面进行为期3个月的肥胖干预。干预方式包括健康教育、环境改善等,干预内容涉及肥胖相关知识、健康饮食与运动等。检测干预前后身体形态指标。结果：干预可以整体改善超重肥胖（ OR=1.12,P〈0.05）,降低腰围、腰臀比（waist-hip ratio,WHR）等中心性肥胖指标（adjusted difference=0.63、0.02,P〈0.05）；女生腰围和WHR降低（adjusted difference=0.52、0.02,P〈0.05）并改善了超重肥胖（OR=1.18,P〈0.05）,男生腰围和WHR降低（adjusted difference=0.73、0.01,P〈0.05）,女生效果优于男生；城市地区WHR降低（adjusted difference=0.01, P〈0.05）,乡村地区腰围和WHR降低（adjusted difference=1.05、0.02,P〈0.05）并改善了超重肥胖（OR=1.43, P〈0.05）,乡村效果优于城市；小学WHR降低（adjusted difference=0.02,P〈0.05）并改善了超重肥胖（OR=1.21, P〈0.05）,中学WHR降低（adjusted difference=0.02,P〈0.05）,小学效果优于中学；干预措施有效降低超重肥胖学生的超重肥胖率（χ2=11.01,P〈0.01）。结论：“学生-学校-家庭”社会生态模式干预方法短期内可改善腰围、WHR等中心性肥胖指标,可以作为一种有效干预手段推广使用。

关键词：肥胖腹型早期干预(教育) 学生腰围腰臀比

饮奶行为在家庭社会经济状况与儿童青少年体重指数间的中介作用

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北京大学学报（医学版） 2021年第2期53卷 308-313页

作者：史欣然安美静陈天娇马军北京大学公共卫生学院北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所北京100191

目的:研究家庭社会经济状况(socio-economic status,SES)与儿童青少年体重指数(body mass index,BMI)z评分的关系,以及家庭SES如何通过影响儿童青少年的饮奶行为作用于儿童青少年的BMI z评分。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法按城市中学、... 详细信息

目的:研究家庭社会经济状况(socio-economic status,SES)与儿童青少年体重指数(body mass index,BMI)z评分的关系,以及家庭SES如何通过影响儿童青少年的饮奶行为作用于儿童青少年的BMI z评分。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法按城市中学、城市小学、乡村中学、乡村小学各抽取4所学校,共有2496名学生及其家长作为研究对象。通过7 d饮食行为问卷得到学生每周饮奶次数和日均饮奶份数。采用父母最高文化程度和家庭月收入反映家庭SES。利用统计软件SPSS 18.0中PROCESS插件程序分析儿童青少年饮奶行为在家庭SES和儿童青少年BMI z评分关系中的中介作用。结果:父母最高文化程度、家庭月收入与儿童青少年BMI均呈正相关(P值分别为0.001,0.038)。总人群的日均饮奶份数为(0.92±0.84)份,每周饮奶次数为(4.43±2.70)次。小学生、城市、父母最高文化程度、家庭月收入、非肥胖与每周饮奶次数和日均饮奶份数多有关(P值均<0.05)。儿童青少年饮奶行为在家庭SES与儿童青少年BMI z评分关系中起部分中介作用。每周饮奶次数在父母最高文化程度和家庭月收入与BMI z评分关系中的中介效应占总效应的比例分别为-6.57%和-10.21%。日均饮奶份数在父母最高文化程度和家庭月收入与BMI z评分关系中的中介效应占总效应的比例分别为-3.63%和-5.86%。结论:我国儿童青少年饮奶行为还有待提高;儿童青少年饮奶行为在家庭高SES与儿童青少年高BMI z评分关系中起部分中介作用,为儿童青少年肥胖的保护因素;未来还需对其他饮食或运动行为进行研究,以探索家庭SES与儿童青少年BMI z评分关系之间的机制,从而进行有针对性的干预。

关键词：家庭社会经济状况体重指数饮奶行为

High-energy-density lithium manganese iron phosphate for lithium-ion batteries: Progresses, challenges, and prospects

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 1-17页

作者： Bokun Zhang Xiaoyun Wang Shuai Wang Yan Li Libo chen Handong jiao Zhijing Yu Jiguo Tu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology

The soaring demand for smart portable electronics and electric vehicles is propelling the advancements in high-energy–density lithium-ion *** manganese iron phosphate (LiMnxFe1-xPO4) has garnered significant attention as a promising positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its advantages of low cost,high safety,long cycle life,high voltage,good high-temperature performance,and high energy *** LiMnxFe1-xPO4has made significant breakthroughs in the past few decades,there are still facing great challenges in poor electronic conductivity and Li-ion diffusion,manganese dissolution affecting battery cycling performance,as well as low tap *** review systematically summarizes the reaction mechanisms,various synthesis methods,and electrochemical properties of LiMnxFe1-xPO4to analyze reaction processes accurately and guide material ***,the main challenges currently faced are concluded,and the corresponding various modification strategies are discussed to enhance the reaction kinetics and electrochemical performance of LiMnxFe1-xPO4,including multi-scale particle regulation,heteroatom doping,surface coating,as well as microscopic morphology ***,in view of the current research challenges faced by intrinsic reaction processes,kinetics,and energy storage applications,the promising research directions are *** importantly,it is expected to provide key insights into the development of high-performance and stable LiMnxFe1-xPO4materials,to achieve practical energy storage requirements.

关键词： Lithium manganese iron phosphate High energy density Lithium-ion batteries Reaction mechanism Tap density