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Climate background of the evolution from Paleolithic to Neolithic cultural transition during the last deglaciation in the middle reaches of the Yellow River

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第1期47卷 71-75页

作者： Zhengkai Xia ge chen Gongwang Zheng Fuyou chen Junqing Han Peking Univ Dept Urban & Environm Sci Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

Shizitan in Jixian County, Shanxi Province, is a site of transitional period from Paleolithic to Neolithic. The dating and the sporopollen analysis show that the middle reaches of the Yellow River where the site is located had been maintaining a steppe environment during 35.1-9.4 kaBP, in which, 35.1-17 kaBP belonged to the last glacial. With cold and dry climate, this period featured a desert steppe environment. In the late of this period, the area had a cold and half-humid steppe environment. The 17.0-11.9 kaBP belonged to the early- and mid-period of the last deglaciation. Mild and half-arid steppe alternates with mild and half-arid steppe, with a small amount of deciduous broadleaf species. During the period of 11.9-10.5 kaBP, cold and dry glacial climate appeared once more, featuring a desert steppe environment. During 10.5-9.4 kaBP, it is mild and half-arid, and later transited toward warm and half-humid. The early phase of this period featured a steppe environment and the later transited into a

关键词： Jixian County in Shanxi Province Shizitan site sporo-pollen analysis last deglaciation Paleolithic-Neolithic cultural transition.

Study on Thermal Characteristics of a Novel Glass Curtain Wall System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第6期31卷 1959-1969页

作者： FENG Chaoqing chen Xin’ge WANG Rui XU Zhao ZHANG Lizhuang YAN Suying College of Energy and Power Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China China National Institute of Standardization Beijing 100191China

In order to solve the conflict between indoor lighting and PV cells in building-integrated photovoltaic/thermal(BIPV/T) systems, a glass curtain wall system based on a tiny transmissive concentrator is proposed. This glass curtain wall has a direct influence on the heat transfer between indoor and outdoor, and the operating parameters of air and water inlet temperature, indoor and outdoor temperature, and radiation intensity have a significant influence on the heat transfer characteristics of the glass curtain wall. The 3D model is established by SoildWorks software, and the thermal characteristics of the new glass curtain wall system are simulated through computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method. Thermal performance was tested under actual weather for the winter working conditions. The CFD simulation results are verified by the test results under actual weather. The results show that thermal efficiency simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results of the new glass curtain wall system. The simulation conditions were designed by using the orthogonal method, and the significance analysis of the influencing factors of the indoor wall surface heat gain was carried out. With the increase of the bottom heat flux and the air velocity, the heat absorption of the inner wall surface increases. When the wind speed is 0.1 m/s, the heat flow on the bottom surface rises from 500 W/m^(2) to 2500 W/m^(2), and the heat flow intensity on the interior wall changes from 10.31 W/m^(2) to -29.12 W/m^(2). Under typical working conditions, the new glass curtain wall system can reduce the indoor heat load by 47.5% than ordinary glass curtain wall.

关键词： glass curtain wall thermal characteristics orthogonal experimental design significant influencing factors

geographical Information Visualization on a Panoramic Sphere in an Immersive Environment

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2023年第4期22卷 961-974页

作者： MA Ying TIAN Fenglin LIU Wen TANG Moran LI Jinyu chen ge Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System School of Marine TechnologyOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266100China Faculty of Information Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

In this paper,we propose a novel approach to visualizing global geographical information:a panoramic sphere in an immersive *** whole geographical surface can be observed through the rotating of heads as the viewpoint of the panoramic sphere is inside the *** compared three approaches to visualizing the earth for rendering the geographical information in a virtual reality *** the tasks of terrestrial and marine geographical information,we compare the visualization effects on a)a globe,b)a flat map and c)a panoramic *** geographical information tasks include the area comparison and direction *** geographical information tasks contain the visualization of sea surface temperature and sea surface *** terrestrial geographical information tasks,the experimental results show that the panoramic sphere outperforms the globe and the flat map,with a higher average accuracy and a shorter *** marine geographical information task,the panoramic sphere visualization is also superior to the flat map and the globe in an immersive environment for the sea surface temperature data and the sea surface current *** all three visualization experiments,the panoramic sphere is most preferred by the participants,particularly for global,transcontinental and transoceanic needs.

关键词： the panoramic sphere immersive environment virtual reality oceanographic information visualization

Polar Sea Ice Identification and Classification Based on HY-2A/SCAT Data

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第2期21卷 331-346页

作者： XU Rui ZHAO Chaofang ZHAI Xiaochun ZHAO Ke SHEN Jichang chen ge Department of Marine Technology Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling&Department of Satellite Engineering Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266100China National Satellite Meteorological Center Beijing 100081China

In this paper,a Bayesian sea ice detection algorithm is first used based on the HY-2A/SCAT data,and a backpropagation(BP)neural network is used to classify the Arctic sea ice *** the implementation of the Bayesian sea ice detection algorithm,linear sea ice model parameters and the backscatter variance suitable for HY-2A/SCAT were *** sea ice extent obtained by the Bayesian sea ice detection algorithm was projected on a 12.5 km grid sea ice map and validated by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2(AMSR2)15%sea ice concentration *** sea ice extent obtained by the Bayesian sea ice detection al-gorithm was found to be in good agreement with that of the AMSR2 during the ice growth ***,the Bayesian sea ice detection algorithm gave a wider ice edge than the AMSR2 during the ice melting *** the sea ice type classification,the BP neural network was used to classify the Arctic sea ice type(multi-year and first-year ice)from January to May and October to De-cember in *** results between the HY-2A/SCAT sea ice type and Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grid(EASE-Grid)sea ice age data showed that the HY-2A/SCAT multi-year ice extent variation had the same trend as the EASE-Grid *** errors,defined as the ratio of the mismatched sea ice type points between HY-2A/SCAT and EASE-Grid to the total sea ice points,were less than 12%,and the average classification error was 8.6%for the study period,which indicated that the BP neural network classification was a feasible algorithm for HY-2A/SCAT sea ice type classification.

关键词： sea ice HY-2A/SCAT sea ice identification sea ice type Bayesian sea ice detection BP neural network

A Real-Time Photo-Realistic Rendering Algorithm of Ocean Color Based on Bio-Optical Model

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2016年第6期15卷 996-1006页

作者： MA Chunyong XU Shu WANG Hongsong TIAN Fenglin chen ge College of Information Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

Abstract A real-time photo-realistic rendering algorithm of ocean color is introduced in the paper, which considers the impact of ocean bio-optical model. The ocean bio-optical model mainly involves the phytoplankton, colored dissolved organic material （CDOM）, inorganic suspended particle, etc., which have different contributionsto absorption and scattering of light. We decompose the emergent light of the ocean surface into the reflected light from the sun and the sky, and the subsurface scattering light. We estab- lish an ocean surface transmission model based on ocean bidirectional reflectance distribution function （BRDF） and the Fresnel law, and this model＇s outputs would be the incident light parameters of subsurface scattering. Using ocean subsurface scattering algorithm combined with bio-optical model, we compute the scattering light emergent radiation in different directions. Then, we blend the re- flection of sunlight and sky light to implement the real-time ocean color rendering in graphics processing unit （GPU）. Finally, we use two kinds of radiance reflectance calculated by Hydrolight radiative transfer model and our algorithm to validate the physical reality of our method, and the results show that our algorithm can achieve real-time highly realistic ocean color scenes.

关键词： ocean color BRDF subsurface scattering bio-optical model

Satellite observed shape-based overall rotation—A new aspect in eddy kinematics

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第5期41卷 183-194页

作者： Xueqing Yang Guiyan Han Chunyong Ma Chuanchuan Cao Jie Yang ge chen School of Marine Technology Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao266237China Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China

With the development of satellite altimetry technology,the resolution of sea-level anomaly(SLA)datasets is constantly *** spatial resolution levels can reach a grid size of(1/4)°×(1/4)°,with daily measurements that span from 1993 to 2018,allowing for the precise identification and tracking of individual *** the current study,in addition to the internal circulation and migration of eddies,a new aspect in eddy kinematics is revealed and investigated for the first time:shape-based overall eddy rotation(SOER),based on the intrinsic elliptical shape of eddies identified from a high-resolution SLA *** found that eddies can maintain an elliptical shape and a slow and stable SOER during their migration *** SOER speed was observed to be negatively correlated to eddy lifetime,and exhibited a dependence on latitude,decreasing from low-and high-to *** SOER direction tended to be consistent with the direction of internal circulation,particularly for long-lived *** addition,we identified a negative relationship between internal circulation speed and SOER speed while the migration speed was positively related to SOER *** findings further expand and improve eddy kinematics,which is of great significance for the future study of eddy dynamics.

关键词： mesoscale eddies shape-based overall eddy rotation(SOER) internal circulation eddy migration

Design and Implementation of a 3D Ocean Virtual Reality and Visualization Engine

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2012年第4期11卷 481-487页

作者： chen ge LI Bo TIAN Fenglin JI Pengbo LI Wenqing Department of Marine Technology Ocean University of ChinaEngineering Research Center of Marine Information TechnologyMinistry of EducationQingdao 266100P.R.China School of Resources and Environment South West Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500P.R.China Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation Shandong Academy of SciencesQingdao 266001P.R.China

In this study,a 3D virtual reality and visualization engine for rendering the ocean,named VV-Ocean,is designed for marine *** design goals of VV-Ocean aim at high fidelity simulation of ocean environment,visualization of massive and multidimensional marine data,and imitation of marine ***-Ocean is composed of five modules,*** management module,resources management module,scene management module,rendering process management module and interaction management *** are three core functions in VV-Ocean:reconstructing vivid virtual ocean scenes,visualizing real data dynamically in real time,imitating and simulating marine lives *** on VV-Ocean,we establish a sea-land integration platform which can reproduce drifting and diffusion processes of oil spilling from sea bottom to *** factors such as ocean current and wind field have been considered in this *** this platform oil spilling process can be abstracted as movements of abundant oil *** result shows that oil particles blend with water well and the platform meets the requirement for real-time and interactive ***-Ocean can be widely used in ocean applications such as demonstrating marine operations,facilitating maritime communications,developing ocean games,reducing marine hazards,forecasting the weather over oceans,serving marine tourism,and so ***,further technological improvements of VV-Ocean are discussed.

关键词： ocean rendering engine virtual reality visualization imitation of marine lives oil spilling simulation

i4OilS pill, an Operational Marine Oil Spill Forecasting Model for Bohai Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2016年第5期15卷 799-808页

作者： YU Fangjie YAO Fuxin ZHAO Yang WANG Guansuo chen ge College of Information Science and Engineering Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology Ocean University of China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology College of Liberal Arts Journalism and Communication Ocean University of China The First Institute of Oceanography SOA

Oil spill models can effectively simulate the trajectories and fate of oil slicks, which is an essential element in contingency planning and effective response strategies prepared for oil spill accidents. However, when applied to offshore areas such as the Bohai Sea, the trajectories and fate of oil slicks would be affected by time-varying factors in a regional scale, which are assumed to be constant in most of the present models. In fact, these factors in offshore regions show much more variation over time than in the deep sea, due to offshore bathymetric and climatic characteristics. In this paper, the challenge of parameterizing these offshore factors is tackled. The remote sensing data of the region are used to analyze the modification of wind-induced drift factors, and a well-suited solution is established in parameter correction mechanism for oil spill models. The novelty of the algorithm is the self-adaptive modification mechanism of the drift factors derived from the remote sensing data for the targeted sea region, in respect to empirical constants in the present models. Considering this situation, a new regional oil spill model(i4Oil Spill) for the Bohai Sea is developed, which can simulate oil transformation and fate processes by Eulerian-Lagrangian methodology. The forecasting accuracy of the proposed model is proven by the validation results in the comparison between model simulation and subsequent satellite observations on the Penglai 19-3 oil spill accident. The performance of the model parameter correction mechanism is evaluated by comparing with the real spilled oil position extracted from ASAR images.

关键词： correction Bohai i4OilS pill offshore drift assumed subsequent Eulerian challenge suited

GPU Accelerated Marine Data Visualization Method

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2014年第6期13卷 964-970页

作者： LI Bo chen ge TIAN Fenglin SHAO Baomin JI Pengbo Department of Marine Technology Ocean University of ChinaEngineering Research Center of Marine Information TechnologyMinistry of Education Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong University Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation Shandong Academy of Science

The study of marine data visualization is of great value. Marine data, due to its large scale, random variation and multiresolution in nature, are hard to be visualized and analyzed. Nowadays, constructing an ocean model and visualizing model results have become some of the most important research topics of ‘Digital Ocean'. In this paper, a spherical ray casting method is developed to improve the traditional ray-casting algorithm and to make efficient use of GPUs. Aiming at the ocean current data, a 3D view-dependent line integral convolution method is used, in which the spatial frequency is adapted according to the distance from a camera. The study is based on a 3D virtual reality and visualization engine, namely the VV-Ocean. Some interactive operations are also provided to highlight the interesting structures and the characteristics of volumetric data. Finally, the marine data gathered in the East China Sea are displayed and analyzed. The results show that the method meets the requirements of real-time and interactive rendering.

关键词： marine data visualization techniques and methodologies spherical ray casting line integral convolution multiquadric method VV-Ocean