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Catalytic conversion and DFT analysis of post DDBD-catalysis system for degradation of toluene,ethyl acetate and acetone with different metal-oxides catalysts

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第2期41卷 215-223页

作者： xin Liu Jianqi Liu Jiayao chen Fangchuan zhong College of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China College of Science Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Member of Magnetic Confinement Fusion Research Centre Ministry of EducationShanghai 201620China

A series of multiphase metal-oxide catalysts(MnOx/γ-Al_(2)O_(3),CuOx/γ-Al_(2)O_(3),FeO_(x/γ)-Al_(2)O_(3),CeO_(x)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)and LaOx/γ-Al_(2)O_(3))were prepared for plasma-catalyst degradation of multicomponent volatile organic compounds(VOCs,such as toluene,acetone and ethyl acetate).The results reveal that the degradation efficiency(DE)of acetone,toluene and ethyl acetate in the DDBD system can be arranged as follows:Mn_(2)O_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)>Fe2O3/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)>CuO_(/γ)-Al_(2)O_(3)>CeO_(2)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)>La_(2)O_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)>γ-Al_(2)O_(3),and the highest DE(49.5%for acetone,93.3%for toluene and 79.8%for ethyl acetate)is obtained in Mn_(2)O_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)+double dielectric barrier discharge(DDBD)system at specific input energy(SIE)of 700 J/L.Compared with the other catalysts,Mn_(2)O_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)also exhibits the most significant inhibitory effect on the production of ozone(O3).On the other hand,CeO_(2)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)and La_(2)O_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)catalysts display different catalytic selectivity.Both catalysts can slightly raise the DE of VOCs and remarkably facilitate VOCs’mineralization.The carbon balance(CB)is increased by 30.2%and 38.8%,and the CO_(2)selectivity(SCO_(2))is raised by 70.5%and 11.9%in the CeO_(2)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)+DDBD system and La_(2)O_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)+DDBD system at SIE of 700 J/L,respectively.To further understand the catalytic effect of the catalysts,the adsorption of O3on different catalysts was simulated by a DFT model.According to the results of the DFT model,it is found that the adsorption energy of other metal oxides seems to be used as a reference for catalytic effect to a certain extent except CeO_(2).The higher the absolute values of adsorption energy,the higher the improvement of VOCs degradation efficiency by catalyst.

关键词： Multiphase metal-oxide catalysts Plasma-catalyst Multicomponent volatile organic compounds Rare earths

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Instantaneous sediment transport formula for sheet flow beneath asymmetric wave and current

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2022年第4期34卷 712-724页

作者： xin-yu Hu zhong-hua Weng xin chen Hai-fei Liu The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute Pearl River Water Resources CommissionGuangzhou 510611China College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

An instantaneous formula is obtained for the sheet flow transport beneath the wave and the current by a product integration of the concentration and velocity profiles over the mobile seabed. The formula involves: (1) The product of the erosion depth and the free stream velocity, which can be reduced to the Shields parameter of power 3/2 in accordance with the classical formulae. (2) The ratio of the wave boundary layer thickness to the erosion depth. The formula incorporates the effects of the acceleration and the phase lag on the erosion depth, the asymmetric wave boundary layer and the wave-current interaction. The validation of the formula is made by the data obtained from the oscillatory tunnels covering a wide range of wave-current and sediment conditions. The instantaneous sediment transport rate is compared with the power function of the velocity with different exponents. The formula consists of a wave force part and a current force part and their relative importance depends on the wave shapes. The present formula gives very good results for the net sediment transport as compared to several existing steady and unsteady formulae. The net sediment transport rates are affected by not only the acceleration, the phase lag and the wave-current interaction, but also the asymmetric boundary layer development.

关键词： Boundary layer thickness erosion depth instantaneous formula sediment transport rate wave and current

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Chloride-Promoted Photoelectrochemical C-H Silylation of Heteroarenes

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第22期41卷 2963-2968页

作者： xin-Ru Zhao Yu-chen Zhang zhong-Wei Hou Lei Wang Advanced Research Institute and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Taizhou UniversityJiaojiangZhejiang 318000China Department of Chemistry Huaibei Normal UniversityHuaibeiAnhui 235000China State Key Laboratory of Organometalic Chemistry Shanghai lnstitute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencsShanghai200032China

A photoelectrochemical approach for the C-H silylation of heteroarenes through dehydrogenation cross-coupling with H2 evolution has been developed.The photoelectrochemical C-H silylation depends on hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)from silanes to Cl-radical generated through the light-induced homolytic cleavage of Cl2,in which Cl2 was produced by electrochemical oxidation of chloride.A large number of silylated heterocyclic molecules are rapidly constructed in satisfactory yields without relying on oxidants and metal reagents.

关键词： Photoelectrochemistry Silyl radicals C-H silylation Dehydrogenation N-Heterocycles Cross-coupling Oxidation

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Design of a spatial sampling scheme considering the spatial autocorrelation of crop acreage included in the sampling units

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第9期17卷 2096-2106页

作者： WANG Di ZHOU Qing-bo YANG Peng CHEN Zhong-xin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Information on crop acreage is important for formulating national food polices and economic planning. Spatial sampling, a combination of traditional sampling methods and remote sensing and geographic information system （GIS） technology, provides an efficient way to estimate crop acreage at the regional scale. Traditional sampling methods require that the sampling units should be independent of each other, but in practice there is often spatial autocorrelation among crop acreage contained in the sampling units. In this study, using Dehui County in Jilin Province, China, as the study area, we used a thematic crop map derived from Systeme Probatoire d＇Observation de la Terre （SPOT-5） imagery, cultivated land plots and digital elevation model data to explore the spatial autocorrelation characteristics among maize and rice acreage included in sampling units of different sizes, and analyzed the effects of different stratification criteria on the level of spatial autocorrelation of the two crop acreages within the sampling units. Moran＇s/, a global spatial autocorrelation index, was used to evaluate the spatial autocorrelation among the two crop acreages in this study. The results showed that although the spatial autocorrelation level among maize and rice acreages within the sampling units generally decreased with increasing sampling unit size, there was still a significant spatial autocorrelation among the two crop acreages included in the sampling units （Moran＇s / varied from 0.49 to 0.89）, irrespective of the sampling unit size. When the sampling unit size was less than 3000 m, the stratification design that used crop planting intensity （CPI） as the stratification criterion, with a stratum number of 5 and a stratum interval of 20% decreased the spatial autocorrelation level to almost zero for the maize and rice area included in sampling units within each stratum. Therefore, the traditional sampling methods can be used to estimate the two crop acreages. Compared with CPI, there was still a strong spatial correlation a

关键词： crop acreage spatial autocorrelation sampling unit planting intensity cultivated land fragmentation ground slope

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In situ optical spectroscopic understanding of electrochemical passivation mechanism on sol–gel processed WO_(3) photoanodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第8期31卷 20-28,I0002页

作者： Jianyong Feng xin Zhao Bowei Zhang zhong chen Zhaosheng Li Yizhong Huang Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresCollege of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093JiangsuChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

A prevailing understanding on electrochemical activation of photoelectrodes is that electrochemical treatment leads to increased charge carrier densities thereby improved photoelectrode performances.Contrary to this understanding,in this study enhanced photoactivity of WO_(3) photoanode upon electrochemical treatment is ascribed to an extraordinary mechanism of surface trap passivation.The associated mechanism is analyzed by in situ optical spectroscopy,using which the optical property changes of WO_(3) electrode during electrochemical treatment are monitored.The results suggest surface W^(5+)species,the origin of surface traps on WO_(3) photoanodes,are converted to W^(6+) ions by electrochemical treatment.This study demonstrates the particular ability of the electrochemical strategy to passivate surface traps of photoanodes,and also shows the advantages of in situ optical spectroscopy to investigate the real-time electronic structure variations of electrodes during electrochemical treatment.

关键词： In situ optical spectroscopy Electrochromism Surface trap Solar water splitting Tungsten oxide Hydrogen

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RALF22 promotes plant immunity and amplifies the Pep3 immune signal

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第11期65卷 2519-2534页

作者： Yu-Han He Song-Yu chen xing-Yan chen You-Ping Xu Yan Liang xin-zhong Cai Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province Institute of BiotechnologyCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang University866 Yu Hang Tang RoadHangzhou 310058China Centre of Analysis and Measurement Zhejiang University866 Yu Hang Tang RoadHangzhou 310058China Hainan Institute Zhejiang UniversitySanya 572025China

Rapid alkalinization factors(RALFs)in plants have been reported to dampen pathogenassociated molecular pattern(PAMP)-triggered immunity via suppressing PAMP-induced complex formation between the pattern recognition receptor(PRR)and its co-receptor BAK1.However,the direct and positive role of RALFs in plant immunity remains largely unknown.Herein,we report the direct and positive roles of a typical RALF,RALF22,in plant immunity.RALF22alone directly elicited a variety of typical immune responses and triggered resistance against the devastating necrotrophic fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in a FERONIA(FER)-dependent manner.LORELEI(LRE)-like glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)-anchored protein 1(LLG1)and NADPH oxidase RBOHD were required for RALF22-elicited reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation.The mutation of cysteines conserved in the C terminus of RALFs abolished,while the constitutive formation of two disulfide bridges between these cysteines promoted the RALF22-elicited ROS production and resistance against S.sclerotiorum,demonstrating the requirement of these cysteines in the functions of RALF22 in plant immunity.Furthermore,RALF22 amplified the Pep3-induced immune signal by dramatically increasing the abundance of PROPEP3 transcript and protein.Supply with RALF22 induced resistance against S.sclerotiorum in Brassica crop plants.Collectively,our results reveal that RALF22 triggers immune responses and augments the Pep3-induced immune signal in a FER-dependent manner,and exhibits the potential to be exploited as an immune elicitor in crop protection.

关键词： RALF22 FER reactive oxygen species Pep3 plant immunity Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

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Effects of meteorological factors on different grades of winter wheat growth in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第11期15卷 2647-2657页

作者： HUANG Qing WANG Li-min CHEN Zhong-xin LIU Hang Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The sown area of winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai（HHH） Plain accounts for over 65% of the total sown area of winter wheat in China. Thus, it is important to monitor the winter wheat growth condition and reveal the main factors that influence its dynamics. This study assessed the winter wheat growth condition based on remote sensing data, and investigated the correlations between different grades of winter wheat growth and major meteorological factors corresponding. First, winter wheat growth condition from sowing until maturity stage during 2011–2012 were assessed based on moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer（MODIS） normalized difference vegetation index（NDVI） time-series dataset. Next, correlation analysis and geographical information system（GIS） spatial analysis methods were used to analyze the lag correlations between different grades of winter wheat growth in each phenophase and the meteorological factors that corresponded to the phenophases. The results showed that the winter wheat growth conditions varied over time and space in the study area. Irrespective of the grades of winter wheat growth, the correlation coefficients between the winter wheat growth condition and the cumulative precipitation were higher than zero lag（synchronous precipitation） and one lag（pre-phenophase precipitation） based on the average values of seven phenophases. This showed that the cumulative precipitation during the entire growing season had a greater effect on winter wheat growth than the synchronous precipitation and the pre-phenophase precipitation. The effects of temperature on winter wheat growth varied according to different grades of winter wheat growth based on the average values of seven phenophases. Winter wheat with a better-than-average growth condition had a stronger correlation with synchronous temperature, winter wheat with a normal growth condition had a stronger correlation with the cumulative temperature, and winter wheat with a worse-than-average growth condition had a stronger correlation with the p

关键词： growth condition meteorological factors remote sensing spatiotemporal correlation winter wheat HuangHuai-Hai（HHH） Plain region China

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基于CWRF的中国近海热带气旋集合模拟及其对物理参数化方案的敏感性研究

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2021年第1期14卷 22-26页

作者： Wenru Shi Haishan chen xin-zhong Liang Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University of Maryland5825 University Research CourtSuite 4001College ParkMDUSA

为评估CWRF模式的降尺度能力和其热带气旋模拟对物理参数化方案的敏感性,本文利用ERI再分析资料驱动CWRF在30km网格上对1982-2016年中国近海热带气旋开展了一次集合模拟.结果表明:CWRF与ERI均能模拟出热带气旋的季节变化和年际变化形势... 详细信息

为评估CWRF模式的降尺度能力和其热带气旋模拟对物理参数化方案的敏感性,本文利用ERI再分析资料驱动CWRF在30km网格上对1982-2016年中国近海热带气旋开展了一次集合模拟.结果表明:CWRF与ERI均能模拟出热带气旋的季节变化和年际变化形势且均存在低估,但相较ERI,CWRF的降尺度技术和集合模拟可以再现更多的热带气旋,显著减少低估.年际变化结果提升最为明显,它对积云方案最为敏感,其次是边界层,陆面和辐射方案,对云和微物理方案较弱.该研究为应用CWRF理解和预报热带气旋提供了参考.

关键词：热带气旋集合模拟物理参数化方案区域降尺度

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Joint Optimal Energy-Efficient Cooperative Spectrum Sensing and Transmission in Cognitive Radio

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China Communications 2017年第1期14卷 98-110页

作者： Weizhi zhong Kunqi chen xin Liu College of Astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics School of Information and Communication Engineering Dalian University of Technology

In order to improve the energy efficiency(EE) in cognitive radio(CR), a joint optimal energy-efficient cooperative spectrum sensing(CSS) and transmission in multi-channel CR is proposed in this paper. EE is described as a tradeoff between the throughput and the entirely consumed power. A joint optimization problem is formulated to maximize EE by jointly optimizing local sensing time, number of cooperative sensing secondary users(SU), transmission bandwidth and power. A combined optimization algorithm of bi-level optimization, Polyblock optimization and Dinkelbach's optimization is proposed to solve the proposed non-convex optimization problem effectively. The simulation results show that, compared with throughput maximization model(TMM), the energy efficiency maximization model(EEMM) improves EE of the CR system and limits the excessive power consumption effectively.

关键词： cognitive radio energy efficiency cooperative spectrum sensing throughput

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The Silk Textile Embedded in Silk Fibroin Composite: Preparation and Properties

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2018年第9期36卷 1043-1046页

作者： Yu Duan xin chen Zheng-zhong Shao State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science Laboratory of Advanced Materials Fudan University

Silk reinforced silk-fibroin-based composites were prepared by embedding of silk textile into regenerated silk fibroin （RSF） matrix. The breaking stress and breaking strain of the composites were found 37.7 MPa and 71.1% respectively at （95 ：t： 5）% RH. Morphological analysis was carried out to observe fracture behavior of the samples. The in vitro biodegradation test showed that the composite degraded slowly and lost 70% weight at the end of 168 h. Moreover, compared with RSF pure film, the composite kept strength and toughness much longer time. In conclusion, this composite has the potential for more accurate cytology research and biomedical tests in the future.

关键词： Silk protein Biomaterials Composite Mechanical properties Natural product

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