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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 428-438页

作者： Jing Yang Yujie ren Shuoyu chen Jinsuo Lu School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China

This study aimed to explore the chemical looping gasification(CLG)reaction characteristics of the metal-supported composite phosphogypsum(PG)oxygen carriers(OCs)and the thermodynamic mechanism.The FactSage 7.1 thermodynamic simulation was used to explore the oxygen release and H_(2)S removal mechanisms.The experimental results showed that the syngas yield of CLG with PG-CuFe_(2)O_(4)was more than that with PG-Fe_(2)O_(3)20/CuO40 or PG-Fe_(2)O_(3)30/CuO30 OC at 1023 K when the water vapor content was 0.3.Furthermore,the maximum syngas yield of the CO selectivity was 70.3% and of the CO_(2)selectivity was 23.8%.The H_(2)/CO value was 0.78,and the highest carbon conversion efficiency was 91.9% in PG-CuFe_(2)O_(4)at the gasification temperature of 1073 K.The metal-supported PG composite oxygen carrier was proved not only as an oxygen carrier to participate in the preparation of syngas but also as a catalyst to catalyze coal gasification reactions.Furthermore,both the experimental results and FactSage 7.1 thermodynamic analysis revealed that the trapping mechanism of H_(2)S by composite OCs was as follows:CuO first lost lattice oxygen as an oxygen carrier to generate Cu_(2)O,which,in turn,reacted with H_(2)S to generate Cu_(2)S.This study provided efficient guidance and reference for OC design in CLG.

关键词： Metal-supported composite phosphogypsum Reaction characteristics Thermodynamic mechanism Chemical looping gasification

Experimental and theoretical insight into carbamazepine degradation by chlorine-based advanced oxidation processes:Efficiency,energy consumption,mechanism and DBPs formation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 72-83页

作者： Chunwei Liu Zuo tong How Yue Ju Li Feng Xuefeng ren Mohamed Gamal El-Din Key Laboratory ofCoal Processing and Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyChina University of Mining and TechnologyJiangsu 221116China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 1H9AlbertaCanada School of Environment and Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and TechnologyJiangsu 221116China Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation ofHainan Province School of Ecology and EnvironmentHainan UniversityHainan 570228China

Chlorine has been widely used in different advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)for micropollutants removal.In this study,different chlorine-based AOPs,namely medium pressure(MP)UV/chlorine,low pressure(LP)UV/chlorine,and in-situ chlorination,were compared for carbamazepine(CBZ)removal efficiency,energy consumption,and disinfection by-products(DBPs)formation.All three processes could achieve nearly 100%CBZ removal,while the reaction time needed by in-situ chlorination was double the time required by UV/chlorine processes.The energy consumed per magnitude of CBZ removed(EE/O)of MP UV/chlorine was 13 times higher than that of LP UV/chlorine,and relative to that of in-situ chlorination process.Accordingly,MP and LP UV/chlorine processes generated one to two orders of magnitude more hydroxyl radicals(^(·)OH)and reactive chlorine species(RCS)than in-situ chlorination.Besides,RCS were the dominant reactive species,contributing to 78.3%,75.6%,and 71.6% of CBZ removal in MP,LP UV/chlorine,and in-situ chlorination,respectively.According to the Gibbs free energy barriers between CBZ and RCS/^(·)OH calculated based on density functional theory(DFT),RCS had more reaction routes with CBZ and showed lower energy barrier in the main CBZ degradation pathways like epoxidation and formation of iminostilbene.When applied to secondary wastewater effluent,UV/chlorine and in-situ chlorination produced overall DBPs ranging from 104.77 to 135.41μg/L.However,the production of chlorate during UV/chlorine processes was 15 times higher than that during in-situ chlorination.

关键词： UV/chlorine In-situ chlorination Energy efficiency Role of reactive species DFT calculation Disinfection by-products

Introduction of rare-earth element Sc in alloy design to modify wear features of dual-phase high-entropy alloy

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 817-828页

作者： Hao ren Rui-Run chen Xue-Feng Gao tong Liu Gang Qin Yu-Lung Chiu Shi-Ping Wu Jing-Jie Guo Guo National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China School of Metallurgy and Materials University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK

Tailoring the alloy composition,which induces the hard secondary phase to increase hardness and strength to improve the wear features,is a feasible approach for developing wear-resistant metal materials.Here,a group of(AlCoCrFeNi)_(100–x)Sc_(x)(x=0–2.0,at%)high-entropy alloys(HEAs)are designed and the phase compositions and wear behaviors are explored.Sc-doped HEA series contain the primary body-centered cubic(BCC)and eutectic phases,in which the eutectic phase is composed of the alternately grown BCC and Laves phases.Sc addition promotes the diffusion of Ni atoms from BCC phase to form the Sc-rich Laves phase at the grain boundaries.Vickers hardness increases due to solid solution strengthening and second phase strengthening.And the second phase strengthening plays a more significant role relative to solid solution strengthening.Laves phase and the oxides caused by wear heating prevent the direct contact between friction pair and HEAs,thus inducing a decreased wear rate from 6.82×10^(−5) to 3.47×10^(−5)m^(3)·N^(−1)·m^(−1).Moreover,the wear mechanism changes from adhesive wear,abrasive wear and oxidative wear to abrasive wear and oxidative wear.

关键词： High entropy alloy(HEA) Laves phase Hardness Wear mechanism

A Hf-doped dual-phase high-entropy alloy: phase evolution and wear features

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 324-333页

作者： Hao ren Rui-Run chen Xue-Feng Gao tong Liu Gang Qin Yu-Lung Chiu Shi-Ping Wu Jing-Jie Guo National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Metallurgy and Materials University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Initially defined high entropy alloys(HEAs)usually exhibit a single-phase solid-solution structure.However,two and/or more types of phases in HE As possibly induce the desired microstructure features,which contribute to improving the wear properties of HE As.Here,we prepare a series of(AlCoCrFeNi)_(100-x)Hf_(x)(x=0,2,4and 6;at%) HEAs and concern their phase compositions,micro structures and wear properties.Hf leads to the formation of(Ni,Co)_(2)Hf-type Laves phase and tailors the microstructure from a body-centered cubic(BCC) singlephase structure to a hypoeutectic structure.An increased hardness from~HV 512.3 to~HV 734.1 is due to solid-solution strengthening,grain refinement strengthening and precipitated phase strengthening.And a few oxides(Al_(2)O_(3)+Cr_(2)O_(3)) caused by the wear heating contribute to an 85.5% decrease in wear rate of the HEA system from6.71×10^(-5) to 0.97×10^(-5) m^(3)·N^(-1)·m^(-1).In addition,Hf addition changes the wear mechanism from abrasive wear,mild oxidative wear and adhesive wear to oxidative wear and adhesive wear.

关键词： High entropy alloy Laves phase Hardness Wear mechanism

Establishment of an Iron Deficiency Model by Iron Depletion in Pregnant Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期37卷 210-215页

作者： chen Xi HAN Chao ZHAO Jin Peng SHEN Shi WANG Li Yuan ren Shou WANG tong Lei MA Yan XU Ze Chao HUO Jun Sheng Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China

Anemia,a global public health problem,has significant adverse consequences on the cognitive development of children and the work capacity of adults;affecting social and economic development.Globally,roughly 43%of children under five years of age,38%of pregnant women,and 29%of nonpregnant women had anemia.Anemia during pregnancy significantly increases the risk of low birth weight and preterm birth.A 10 g/L increase in hemoglobin has been estimated to decrease the risk of maternal and perinatal mortality by 29%and 28%.

关键词： mortality pregnancy anemia

Influence of ecological function protection zone on the water conservation in Gansu-Qinghai Contiguous Region of the upper Yellow River

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1345-1357页

作者： tong Huali chen Qingbo ZHANG Xuan College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China Gansu Province Land Use and Comprehensive Improvement Engineering Research Center Lanzhou 730070China

The implementation of Ecological Function Protection Zone(EFPZ)policy is significant for the ecological restoration and conservation of soil and water in the territory space.This manuscript analyzed and quantified the impact of EFPZ on the regional water conservation function,based on land use data from 2005,2008,2010,2015 and 2020,by conducting a counterfactual simulation along with the GeoSOS-FLUS model and the InVEST model.The results demonstrate that the delineation of EFPZ can significantly influence the water conservation.(1)From 2010 to 2020,as the EFPZ was implemented,the water conservation in the study area was increasing year by year,with a growth rate of 0.03×10^(8) m^(3)∙a^(-1).On the other hand,the simulated water conservation capacity without the implementation of EFPZ decreased year by year,with a decrease rate of 0.01×10^(8) m^(3)∙a^(-1).(2)The EFPZ accounts for only 23%of the total area,but the contribution rate of water conservation reaches 80%.The actual values of water conservation and average water yield per unit pixel in the EFPZ show an increasing trend both internally and externally,while the counterfactual simulation values exhibit a decreasing trend.(3)The water conservation is much higher within the EFPZ than without EFPZ.The implementation of EFPZ has a significant effect on the improvement of the water conservation capacity in Maqu EFPZ and Yellow River Source EFPZ.The protection effectiveness should be enhanced in Qilian Mountain EFPZ and afforestation activities need to be carefully considered in Loess Plateau EFPZ.

关键词： Water conservation function Ecological Function Protection Zone Counterfactual simulation Geo SOS-FLUS model InVEST model

Study of poly-disperse aerosols deposition in turbulent flow with different Reynolds numbers

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 32-43页

作者： Zhichao Gao Yongzheng chen Dandi Zhang Peng chen Lili tong Xuewu Cao School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd.Shenzhen518000China

The turbulent deposition mechanism is one of the main mechanisms of aerosol deposition in nuclear power plant tubes.An experimental study of poly-disperse aerosol deposition in a horizontal tube is conducted,where the nominal Reynolds number(Re)is in a range of 3600–200,000.The aerosol deposition velocity first increases and then decreases with the increase of Res,and at high Re,particle rebound occurs during aerosol deposition in the tube.When the Re is low,the aerosol deposition velocity increases with the increase of aerosol diameter.When the Re is greater than 60,000,the deposition velocity first increases and then decreases with the increase of aerosol diameter due to particle surface rebound.A new aerosol deposition model has been developed by establishing the energy conservation equation of the rebounded particles in the viscous sublayer.The calculated results of the new model are in good agreement with these experimental results,and the error between the aerosol deposition velocity calculated by the model and experimental results is between−60%and 150%.

关键词： Aerosol Turbulent deposition Rebound High Reynolds number

Development of underwater electric manipulator based on interventional autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV)

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第3期25卷 238-250页

作者： Xiaohui HU Jiawang chen Hang ZHOU Ziqiang ren Ocean cllege Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Hainan Institute Zhejiang UniversitySanya 572025China The Engineering Research Center of Oceanic Sensing Technology and Equipment Ministry of EducationZhoushan 316021China

In applications such as marine rescue,marine science,archaeology,and offshore industries,autonomous underwater vehicles(AUVs)are frequently used for survey missions and monitoring tasks,with most operations being performed by manned submersibles or remotely operated vehicles(ROVs)equipped with robotic arms,as they can be operated remotely for days without problems.However,they require expensive marine vessels and specialist pilots to operate them.Scientists exploring oceans are no longer satisfied with the use of manned submersibles and ROVs.There is a growing desire for seabed exploration to be performed using smarter,more flexible,and automated equipment.By improving the field operation and intervention capability of AUVs,large-scale and long-range seafloor exploration and sampling can be performed without the support of a mother ship,making it a more effective,economical,convenient,and rapid means of seafloor exploration and sampling operations,and playing a critical role in marine resource exploration.In this study,we explored the integration technology of underwater electric robotic arms and AUVs and designed a new set of electric manipulators suitable for water depths greater than 500 m.The reliability of the key components was analyzed by finite element analysis and,based on the theory of robot kinematics and dynamics,simulations were performed to verify the reliability of the key components.Experiments were conducted on land and underwater,trajectory tracking experiments were completed,and the experimental data in air and water were compared and analyzed.Finally,the objectives for further research on the autonomous control of the manipulator underwater were proposed.

关键词： Underwater electric manipulator Inverse kinematics Trajectory planning Trajectory tracking accuracy

Review on article of effects of tenofovir alafenamide and entecavir in chronic hepatitis B virus patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 109-111页

作者： Yu-tong Sun Qian-Qian chen Department of Gastroenterology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100193China

This letter comments on the article which reported that tenofovir alafenamide may increase blood lipid levels compared with entecavir in patients with chronic hepatitis B published on World J Hepatol 2023 August 27.We review the related research content,topic selection,methodology,conclusions,strengths and weaknesses of this article.And evaluate it in relation to other published relevant articles.

关键词： Tenofovir alafenamide Entecavir Serum lipid levels Hepatitis B virus

The risk factors and threshold level of subchronic inhalation exposure of reclaimed water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 639-650页

作者： Jiayang Kong Yun Lu Yunru ren Menghao chen Gang Liu Liangliang Shi State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Inhalation of reclaimed water is known to cause lung infammation,and free endotoxins have been shown to be a major risk factor for acute exposure.Subchronic exposure has also been shown to induce infammatory responses with visible tissue damage.However,subchronic risk factors have yet to be identified,and a threshold for the protection of occupational populations during urban reuse is necessary.In this study,potential risk factors in reclaimed water were examined by subchronic exposure with fractionated reclaimed water,and the health risk threshold was tested with a series of diluted reclaimed water.Accordingly,following a 12-week exposure,macromolecules and microorganisms were found to be two major risk factors in reclaimed water that could cause pulmonary infammation,including increased proportion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in bronchoalveolar fuid,formation of inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue,and elevation of Immunoglobulin A levels.Moreover,infammation persisted after a 4-week recovery period.The calculated threshold of reclaimed water exposure for mice was 31.8 Endotoxin Unit(EU)/(kg·day)under when exposed to 50%additional relative humidity from reclaimed water at 25℃ for 2 hr/day.Meanwhile,the subchronic threshold estimate for humans under the same exposure conditions was found to be 12.2 EU/(kg·day),corresponding to endotoxin levels of 61.7 EU/mL in reclaimed water.The threshold level of endotoxin was lower than that in most non-potable reclaimed water.The findings of this study suggest that occupational exposure of reclaimed water can serve as a potential risk to workers.

关键词： Reclaimed water Inhalation exposure Risk factor Threshold Infammation Endotoxin