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Life Cycle Assessment of Internal Recycling Options of Steel Slag in Chinese Iron and Steel Industry

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第7期18卷 33-40页

作者： chen Bo YANG jian-xin OUYANG Zhi-yun State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

The internal recycling process of BOF slag which is one of the huge solid wastes from iron and steel indus try was emphasized. Based on the four scenarios of different internal recycling strategies for BOF slag, life cycle assessment （LCA） as a valuable tool for industrial solid waste management was applied to analyze the contribution to reducing environmental impacts and resources burdens for each scenario. The global warming potential （GWP） re- sults of the four scenarios show that the scenario which performs best in carbon reduction cuts off 14.2G of GWP impacts of the worst scenario. The results of this study show that the optimized internal recycling process of BOF slag can improve the environmental performance of crude steel. It is important to assess and choose an appropriate strategy to recycle BOF slag from LCA perspective to reduce the environmental impacts and resource burdens as much as possible.

关键词： life cycle assessment sustainable development close-loop recycling steel BOF slag

1280×1024元InAs/GaSb II类超晶格中/中波双色红外焦平面探测器

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红外与毫米波学报 2024年第4期43卷 437-441页

作者：白治中黄敏徐志成周易梁钊铭姚华城陈洪雷丁瑞军陈建新中国科学院上海技术物理研究所上海200083

本文报道了1280×1024元InAs/GaSb II类超晶格中/中波双色红外焦平面阵列探测器的研究结果。探测器采用PN-NP叠层双色外延结构,信号提取采用叠层双色结构和顺序读出方式。运用分子束外延技术在GaSb衬底上生长超晶格材料,双波段红外吸收... 详细信息

本文报道了1280×1024元InAs/GaSb II类超晶格中/中波双色红外焦平面阵列探测器的研究结果。探测器采用PN-NP叠层双色外延结构,信号提取采用叠层双色结构和顺序读出方式。运用分子束外延技术在GaSb衬底上生长超晶格材料,双波段红外吸收区的超晶格周期结构分别为中波1:6 ML InAs/7 ML GaSb和中波2:9 ML InAs/7 ML GaSb。焦平面阵列像元中心距为12μm。在80 K时测试,器件双波段的工作谱段为中波1:3~4μm,中波2:3.8~5.2μm。中波1器件平均峰值探测率达到6.32×10^(11) cm·Hz^(1/2)W^(-1),中波2器件平均峰值探测率达到2.84×10^(11) cm·Hz^(1/2)W^(-1)。红外焦平面偏压调节成像测试得到清晰的双波段成像。本文是国内首次报道1280×1024规模InAs/GaSb II类超晶格中/中波双色红外焦平面探测器。

关键词：焦平面 InAs/GaSb 超晶格双色

InAs/GaSb Ⅱ类超晶格材料的Si离子注入研究

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红外与毫米波学报 2024年第1期43卷 15-22页

作者：何苗周易应翔霄梁钊铭黄敏王志芳朱艺红廖科才王楠陈建新上海理工大学上海200433 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所上海200083 国科大杭州高等研究院物理与光电工程学院浙江杭州310024

Ⅱ类超晶格红外探测器一般通过台面结实现对红外辐射的探测,而通过离子注入实现横向PN结,一方面材料外延工艺简单,同时可以利用超晶格材料横向扩散长度远高于纵向的优势改善光生载流子的输运,且易于制作高密度平面型阵列。本文利用多种... 详细信息

Ⅱ类超晶格红外探测器一般通过台面结实现对红外辐射的探测,而通过离子注入实现横向PN结,一方面材料外延工艺简单,同时可以利用超晶格材料横向扩散长度远高于纵向的优势改善光生载流子的输运,且易于制作高密度平面型阵列。本文利用多种材料表征技术,研究了不同能量的Si离子注入以及退火前后对InAs/GaSb Ⅱ类超晶格材料性能的影响。研究通过Si离子注入,外延材料由P型变为N型,超晶格材料中产生了垂直方向的拉伸应变,晶格常数变大,且失配度随着注入能量的增大而增大,注入前失配度为-0.012%,当注入能量到200 keV时,失配度达到0.072%,超晶格部分弛豫,弛豫程度为14%,而在300℃ 60 s退火后,超晶格恢复完全应变状态,且晶格常数变小,这种张应变是退火引起的Ga-In相互扩散以及Si替位导致的晶格收缩而造成的。

关键词： InAs/GaSbⅡ类超晶格离子注入平面结退火 HRXRD

Effects of Consecutively Monocultured Rehmannia glutinosa *** Diversity of Fungal Community in Rhizospheric Soil

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第9期10卷 1374-1384页

作者： ZHANG Zhong-yi LIN Wen-xiong YANG Yan-hui chen Hui chen xin-jian Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicinal Materials Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P.R.China Institute of Agroecology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China

Continuous monoculture problems, or replanting diseases, are one of the key factors affecting productivity and quality of Chinese medicinal plants. The underlying mechanism is still being explored. Most of the studies on continuous monoculture ofRehmannia glutinosa L. are focused on plant nutritional physiology, root exudate, and its autotoxieity. However, the changes in the diversity of microflora in the rhizosphere mediated by the continuous monoculture pattern have been remained unknown. In this study, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism （T-RFLP） technique was used for fingerprinting fungal diversity in the rhizosphere soil sampled from the fields ofR. glutinosa monocultured for 1 and 2 yr. The results showed that the structure of fungal community in consecutively moncultured rhizosphere soil was different from that in control soil （no cropping soil）, and varied with the consecutive monoeulture years （1 and 2 yr）. The comprehensive evaluation index （D） of fungal community estimated by principal component analysis of fragment number, peak area, Shannon-Weiner index, and Margalef index was higher in 1 yr monoculture soil than that in 2 yr monoculture soil, suggesting that consecutive monoculture of R. glutinosa could be a causative agent to decrease the diversity of fungal community in the rhizosphere soil.

关键词： biodiversity consecutive monoculture problem fungal community Rehmannia glutinosa rhizosphere soil T-RFLP

Investigation of Hole Mobility in GaInP/(In) GaAs/GaAs p-Type Modulation Doped Heterostructures

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Chinese Physics Letters 1999年第1期16卷 50-52页

作者： YANG Quan-kui LI Ai-zhen chen jian-xin State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of MetallurgyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050

Ga_(0.51)In_(0.49)P/(In)GaAs/GaAs heterostructure is regarded as an excellent candidate for two dimensional hole gas system as it has a large valence band offset *** this paper,we report the hole mobility in GaInP/GaAs and GaInP/In_(0.20)G_(0.80)As/GaAs p-type modulation doped heterostructures grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy with different p-channels and doping *** influences of Be:GaAs cap layer,δ-doping,and strained InGaAs p-channel on hole mobility are discussed,and qualitatively explained by the ionized impurity scattering ***,it was shown that the improvement of hole mobility could be achieved by the δ-doping method combined with strained InGaAs channel.

关键词： GaAs/Ga scattering mobility

Study on Plant Regeneration of Wheat Mature Embryos Under Endosperm-Supported Culture

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2006年第8期5卷 572-578页

作者： chen Jun-ying YUE Run-qing XU Hai-xian chen xin-jian Department of Agronomy Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P.R.China

To reveal the suitability of using mature embryos as an explant source in wheat tissue culture, mature embryos from eight common wheat cultivars （Triticum aestivum L. cv.） were cultured with or without endosperm to test their efficiency of callus induction and plant regeneration. When embryos were cultured together with endosperm （endosperm-supported culture, ES）, the percentage of callus induction was significantly lower than that when embryos were cultured in the absence of endosperm （non-endosperm-supported culture, NES）. This pattern was evident in most genotypes, regardless of whether 2 or 8 mg L^-1 2,4-D was added in the NES culture. However, in ES culture, more induced calli were differentiated into distinct green spots and they further developed into plantlets. Thus, more plants were regenerated in ES culture than in the NES treatment. Most of the eight tested genotypes showed a significant difference in callus induction rate and plantlet regeneration in both ES and NES cultures. In addition, the enzymatic activity of oxalate oxidase in the callus of ES culture condition was obviously higher than that in the callus of NES culture condition, suggesting that the activity of oxalate oxidase may be a parameter for selection of calli with potential for plantlet regeneration. These results indicate that wheat mature embryos are valuable explants for highly efficient callus induction and plant regeneration, if proper treatment and medium are used.

关键词： mature wheat embryo tissue culture endosperm-supported plant regeneration oxalate oxidase activity

Experimental study on the size effect on the equation of state of concretes under shock loading

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 160-167页

作者： Mei Li jian Cui Yanchao Shi Baijian Tang xin chen Key Laboratory of Coast Civil Structural Safety of the Ministry of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Civil Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology1701 Binhe RoadSuzhou 215011JiangsuChina School of Civil Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Adopting the classical theory of hydrocodes,the constitutive relations of concretes are separated into an equation of state(EoS)which describes the volumetric behavior of concrete material and a strength model which depicts the shear properties of *** experiments on the EoS of concrete is always challenging due to the technical difficulties and equipment limitations,especially for the specimen size effect on the *** some researchers investigate the shock properties of concretes by fly-plate impact tests,the specimens used in their tests are usually in one *** this paper,the fly-plate impact tests on concrete specimens with different sizes are performed to investigate the size effect on the shock properties of concrete *** mechanical background of the size effect on the shock properties are revealed,which is related to the lateral rarefaction effect and the deviatoric stress produced in the *** to the tests results,the modified EoS considering the size effect on the shock properties of concrete are proposed,which the bulk modulus of concrete is unpredicted by up to 20% if size effects are not accounted for.

关键词： Concrete Equation of state Size effect Shock wave Fly-plate impact test

High Current Gain In_(0.49)Ga_(0.51)P/GaAs Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors with Double Spacers Grown by Gas Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy

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Chinese Physics Letters 2000年第12期17卷 915-917页

作者： chen Xiao-Jie chen jian-xin chen Yi-Qiao PENG Peng YANG Quan-Kui LI Ai-Zhen State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of MetallurgyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050

This paper reports the improved performance of the lattice-matched N-p^(+)-n In_(0.49)Ga_(0.51)P/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors(HBTs)with undoped spacers grown by the gas source molecular beam epitaxy.A 600ÅGaAs base doped with beryllium at 3 × 1019cm^(-3) and a 1000Å In_(0.49)Ga_(0.51)P emitter doped with silicon at 3 × 1017cm^(-3) have been *** both sides of the base,the 50Åundoped GaAs spacers were *** with emitter area of 100× 100μm^(2) were fabricated by using selective wet chemical etching *** measured results of HBTs reveal cood junction characteristics,and the common-emitter current gain reaches 320 at the collector current density of 280 A/cm^(2).

关键词： technique. emitter heterojunction

InAlAs/InGaAs Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors with 3-5μm Band Grown by Gas Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy

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Chinese Physics Letters 1997年第6期14卷 443-445页

作者： ZHANG Yong-gang LI Ai-zhen chen jian-xin REN Yao-cheng State Key Laboratory of FUnctional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of MetallurgyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050

The relationship between well width and subband energy as well as response wavelength of the InAlAs/InGaAs multi-quantum well structures have been calculated for the design of the devices by using Kronig-Penney *** using gas source molecular beam epitaxy grown InAlAs/InGaAs quantum well infrared photodetector(QWIP)materials have been used to fabricate QWIP devices with 3-5μm band.Ⅰ-Ⅴ characteristics and response spectra of the devices have been *** show that the devices have peak response at 4.0μm with full width of half maximum of about 29.5meV.

关键词： InAlAs/InGaAs Epitaxy Infrared