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The Antimutagenic and Anticarcinogenic Effects of Tea, Garllc and Other Natural foods in china: A Review

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1992年第1期5卷 1-17页

作者： chen junshiinstitute of nutrition and food hygiene, chinese academy of preventive medicine, 29 nan weiroad, beijing 100050, china Institute of nutrition and food hygiene Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine Beijing.

It is well known that there are huge geographic variations in cancer rates in china's Mainland. For example, The National Cancer Control Office of the Ministry of Public Health (1979) reported that in the 1970s, cancer mortality rates for most cancers were found to be more than 20-fold greater in some counties in others (Table 1). Esophageal cancer rates for males are a few hundred fold greater in the highest county when compared with the lowest county. The mortality rate for all cancers combined for males is 21 fold greater in the county with the highest mortality than in the county with the lowest *** to Doll and Peto (1981), about one third of human cancer death is avoidable by appropriate modification of the diet. Therefore, diet is very likely to have an important part in causing these huge geographic variations. The possible role of various mutagens and carcinogens (e.g. afiatoxin, N-nitroso compounds) in locally produced and consumed foods has been strongly suggested and widely acknowledged, although much more evidence would be required to confirm their actual functions in human cancer. On the other hand, there are a few reports stating that the human diet also contains powerful antimutagens and anticarcinogens (Ames, 1983). The possible role of these two types of substances in causing the huge geographic variation of cancer risks remains elusive and inadequately explored. In order to make better use of these natural anticarcinogens in cancer prevention, it is important to elucidate their effects and mechanisms. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the available information on the antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects of natural foods in the chinese diet, excluding the effects of essential nutrients, e.g. dietary fibers, vitamins and minerals. Most of the literature cited in this review was published by chinese scientists.

关键词： The Antimutagenic and Anticarcinogenic Effects of Tea A Review Garllc and Other Natural foods in china

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Trace Elements in Health and Diseases

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1996年第2期9卷 130-136页

作者： XIA YI-MING (Department of Trace Element nutrition, Institute of nutrition and food hygiene, 29 nan Wei Road,chinese academy of preventive medicine,beijing 100050, china) Department of Trace Element nutrition Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine Beijing China.

Remarkable progress has occurred in many branches of biology and health sciences during the last few decades. Trace element (TE) research has definitely shared in this explosion of scientific knowledge. Due to the improvements in analytical technology, the discovery of TEs in organism was realized. The developments of TE research have been promoted by the demand of public health (e.g. deficiency or toxicity). The profound knowledge of nutritional importance of TEs has been achieved with application of advanced methods in biological, medical and chemical fields, etc. In this paper, a new definition of essentiality of TEs is introduced. According to this definition, onIy ten TEs (Fe, Zn, F, Cu, I, Se, Mn, Mo, Cr, Co) are considered to be essential to humans. The others need more evidence to prove their essentiality in humans. The recent progress on the biochemical and immunological functions of TEs and on the roles of TEs in brain development are briefly described. The TEs, mainly Se, I, Zn, Fe, are more closely related to public health. Also, emphases are laid on balancing all nutrients when new knowledge of essential TEs is applied in public health

关键词： Co WHO Trace Elements in Health and Diseases CVB UGA chen TGA

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nutrition Status of the chinese People

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1996年第2期9卷 81-92页

作者： chen CHUN-MING (chinese academy of preventive medicine, 27 nan Wei Road beijing 100050, china) chinese academy of preventive medicine Beijing China.

Based on the available data collected with national nutritional survey, nutrition surveillance and the child surveys since 1987, analysis on food consumption, dietary pattern and nutrition status of the chinese people has been done. The data sets used for the analysis are as follows. (1) 1987 Child Survey in 9 Provinces-91011 preschool children were sampled. (2) 1992 National Child Survey-570704 children under the age of 15 were sampled, with anthropometric measurement of 185965 children under the age of 5. (3) 1990 nutrition Surveillance-State Statistic Bureau (SSB) h usehold survey in selected 7 provinces (including beijing Municipality) with 8629 household samples in the urban and 11840 households in the rural covered 5341 children under the age of 6, among which 1487 were in the urban and 3854 in the rural. (4) 1992 Third National nutritional Survey-All the provinces and municipalities were covered with 25033 household samples, among which 8474 were in the urban and 16559 in the rural. 99749 residents were surveyed, among which 30723 were in the urban and 69026 in the rural. Dietary survey data is used for comparison on food consumption and nutrient intake with 1990 nutrition surveillance data

关键词： DDP nutrition Status of the chinese People OO

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Child Malnutrition In china-Present Status and Changing Trend

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1996年第2期9卷 164-180页

作者： CHANG YING XIAN ZU-DE HE WU CHANG SU-YING MA HAI-JIANG AND chen CHUN-MING(Institute of nutrition and food hygiene, 29 nan Wei Road beijing 100050, china, State Statistics Bureau, beijing, china,chinese academy of preventive medicine,27 nan Wei Road Bei Institute of nutrition and food hygiene Beijing China.

Halving the malnutrition of under five of years has been set as one of the goals to be achieved by the year of 2000 by chinese government. So it is important to know the present status of child malnutrition and its trend of changing, in order to predict the possible outcome of the achievement of the goal. According to the Child Survey carried out by the State Statistic Bureau (SSB) in 26 provinces and autonmous regions and 3 municipalities in 1992, the prevalence of malnutrition of under five was: moderate and severe underweight, stunting and wasting were 17.9%, 34.7% and 4.7% respectively. But there are significant differences among urban and rural children and between different provinces. The highest prevalence rate usually occurred in the second year of life of the children, and this may be the result of inadequate weaning food provided to the children. As compared with the data collected in 1987 by SSB in 9 provinces and autonomous regions, an impressive improvement in underweight has occurred within these 5 years. The average declined prevalence was 20.5%. It is specially true for urban children. To stunting, there was also improvement for urban children but not in the rural, resulting and over all increasing of prevalence by 5.9%. To wasting, the prevalence for urban children was low and remained at the same level while there was some what increase in the rural. So, according to these results, with constant economic development and more attempt made in areas and groups at risk, the goal to decrease malnutrition in half in terms of underweight could be reached by the year of 2000

关键词： In WHO Child Malnutrition In china-Present Status and Changing Trend

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Biochemical and Morphological Changes in the Lenses of Selenium and/or Vitamin E Deficient Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1994年第2期7卷 109-115页

作者： CAI QIU-YIN chen XIAO-SHU ZHU LIAN-ZHEN XUE AN-NA LI WEN-XIAN WANG SHU-QIN PIAO JIAN-HUA LI JIE SUN CUN-PU WU KE AND CONG JIAN-BO(Institute of nutrition and food hygiene, chinese academy of preventive medicine, 29 nan Wet Road, beijing 100050, Chin Institute of nutrition and food hygiene Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine Beijing.

The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSSG-R),superoalde dismutase (SOD) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and free radicals were measured, and the morphological changes were observed in the lens of control rats, selenium-deficient (SeD) and/or vitamin E deficient (VED) rats. The activities of GSH-Px in the lens of SeD rats decreased significantly. The GSH-Px activities of lens were positively related to erythrocytes selenium level. There was a free radical at g = 2.0015 in the rat lens of all groupe, but the content of free radicals in the lens of SeD group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The free radical content of lens was negatively related to erythrocytes selenium level, as well as the GSH-Px activities in the lens. In vitro, ultraviolet radiation caused the generation of another kind of free radical (g = 2.0097) in the lens of all groups, but the amount of the free radical in the lens of the SeD group was also significantly higher than that of the control group. The activities of SoD and GSSG-R in VED rat lens were significantly decreased. The amount of MDA in the lens of SeD and/or VED rats were significantly increased. The results showed that the decrease of antioaldative capability in the lenses of SeD and/or VED rats accelerated the lipid peroxidation and generation of free radicals. Although only early morphological changes in SeD and/or VED rat lens were observed, it is considered that selenium and vitamin E deficiency may be involved in the occurrence of cataract

关键词： Res GSH Biochemical and Morphological Changes in the Lenses of Selenium and/or Vitamin E Deficient Rats

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Antioxidant Status in Persons With and Without Senile Lens Changes

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1996年第2期9卷 144-148页

作者： XUE AN-NA CAI QIU-YIN WANG SHU-QIN ZHOU AN-SHOU LI WEN-XIAN FU PING AND chen XIAO-SHU(Department of Geriatric nutrition, Institute of nutrition and food hygiene Institute of Occupational medicine, CAPM29 nan Wei Road beijing 100050, china) Department of Geriatric nutrition Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene Beijing China.

Biochemical evidence on lens culture suggests that antioxidant nutrients can protect lens against peroxidation caused by radiation. A case-control study was carried out on 262 middle aged (45-54) and aged (55-64) subjects. The relationship between biochemical markers of antioxidant status and senile lens changes (including cataract) was examined in 131 subjects with senile lens changes and 131 control subjects with clear lens. Antioxidant status was measured using plasma and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and plasma levels of vitamine E and vitamin A. Subjects were grouped by age and sex. The results were as follows: (1) The subjects with lens changes tended to have lower plasma levels of vitamin E and vitamin A, lower activity of several antioxidant enzymes and higher level of MDA. (2) The subjects with senile lens changes had significantly lower erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase level.(3) In the middle-aged group, subjects with senile lens changes were observed to have lower erythrocyte and plasma glutathione peroxidase level than those without senile lens *** results suggest that appropriate amount of antoxidant nutrients might be expected to prevent or retard the process of lens changes

关键词： Li GSH Antioxidant Status in Persons With and Without Senile Lens Changes chen

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Roles of vitamin A in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第18期9卷 4506-4519页

作者： Fu-chen Yang Feng Xu Tian-nan Wang Guo-Xun chen Jiangsu food and Pharmaceutical College Huaian 223003Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052Henan ProvinceChina Department of nutrition The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37909United States

Dietary macronutrients and micronutrients play important roles in human *** the other hand,the excessive energy derived from food is stored in the form of triacylglycerol.A variety of dietary and hormonal factors affect this process through the regulation of the activities and expression levels of those key player enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase,fatty acid synthase,fatty acid elongases,and *** a micronutrient,vitamin A is essential for the health of ***,vitamin A has been shown to play a role in the regulation of glucose and lipid *** review summarizes recent research progresses about the roles of vitamin A in fatty acid *** focuses on the effects of vitamin A on the activities and expression levels of mRNA and proteins of key enzymes for fatty acid synthesis in vitro and in *** appears that vitamin A status and its signaling pathway regulate the expression levels of enzymes involved in fatty acid *** research directions are also discussed.

关键词： Vitamin A Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Fatty acid synthase Fatty acid elongase Stearoyl-CoA desaturase Fatty acid synthesis

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中国生物肥料与有机肥料研究三十年:回顾与展望

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植物营养与肥料学报 2024年第7期30卷 1262-1273页

作者：张瑞福陈玉孙新丽徐志辉缪有志张楠刘东阳沈其荣南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院江苏南京210095

生物肥料与有机肥料是环境友好的绿色肥料,在培肥耕地、改良土壤、提高农产品品质中发挥重要作用,是支撑农业绿色发展、保障国家粮食安全的重要投入品。自20世纪中叶,我国化肥工业的快速发展为促进粮食持续增产提供了充足的无机养分;到2... 详细信息

生物肥料与有机肥料是环境友好的绿色肥料,在培肥耕地、改良土壤、提高农产品品质中发挥重要作用,是支撑农业绿色发展、保障国家粮食安全的重要投入品。自20世纪中叶,我国化肥工业的快速发展为促进粮食持续增产提供了充足的无机养分;到20世纪90年代,我国肥料投入中化肥占比达到最高,有机肥料等的施用相应降至最低。对化肥的依赖导致了耕地质量退化、农田环境污染、农产品质量下降等一系列问题,严重影响了我国耕地的可持续利用和农业可持续发展,因此我国加大了对生物肥料与有机肥料的研究。三十年来,我国生物肥料与有机肥料在基础研究、应用研究和产业化方面都取得了日新月异的进展。我国的生物肥料研究从最初的根瘤菌等固氮功能逐步扩展到溶磷解钾等活化养分功能,进一步发展到消减土壤障碍与增强作物抗逆等非养分功能;从单一菌种发展到多菌种及合成菌群,产品类型从单纯的菌剂发展到生物有机肥和复合微生物肥料,产业规模和技术水平显著提升。有机肥料研究从关注堆肥过程中的有机养分转化到提高堆肥效率的技术工艺和有害因子的消除与阻控等。近年来,在“双碳”战略背景下,清洁低碳堆肥以及通过施用有机肥快速提升土壤有机质、增加土壤固碳成为新的研究热点。本文对过去三十年我国生物肥料与有机肥料研究重点、代表性成绩、产业化路径等进行了全面回顾和总结,新形势下国家农业发展重大战略需求以及科技的突破仍将支撑生物肥料和有机肥的快速发展,由此提出了未来的一些研究重点。

关键词：生物肥料有机肥料研究重点产业化

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基于CiteSpace的营养与食品卫生学教育教学改革研究现状与热点分析

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中医教育 2024年第1期43卷 102-108页

作者：岳嘉陈丽张书楠慕婷婷郑贵森甘肃中医药大学公共卫生学院兰州730000

目的梳理2004—2023年间营养与食品卫生学教育教学改革发展脉络,并对其热点和前沿进行分析,以期为今后营养与食品卫生学教育教学改革提供研究思路。方法检索2004年4月17日—2023年4月17日收录于中国知网数据库营养与食品卫生学的教学... 详细信息

目的梳理2004—2023年间营养与食品卫生学教育教学改革发展脉络,并对其热点和前沿进行分析,以期为今后营养与食品卫生学教育教学改革提供研究思路。方法检索2004年4月17日—2023年4月17日收录于中国知网数据库营养与食品卫生学的教学改革相关研究及综述类的文献相关研究,通过CiteSpace 6.2.R1软件对研究的作者、机构、关键词等进行分析。结果共纳入270篇文献,得到年发文量、发文前10的作者排名、作者合作网络、发文前10的机构及教学、教学改革、实践、实验教学、预防医学、课程思政、教学问题、改革、卫生、研究生10个关键词聚类标签。结论通过对2004—2023年文献的分析,发现未来对营养与食品卫生学的教育,应紧密联系课程思政,积极探索教学方法、不断完善教学设计、加强构建实验教学多元化考核与评价体系等。为解决传统教学的痛点与难点,应不断拓展教学内容的广度和深度,引导学生从“你教我学”转变到“我想我学”的过程,强化学生的自主学习能力,为“新医科”建设助力。

关键词：营养与食品卫生学教育教学改革文献计量学

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cis-Nitenpyram Analogues Bearing Acyloxy Segments Anchored on the Tetrahydropyrimidine Ring： Synthesis, Insecticidal Activities and Molecular Docking Studies

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Chemical Research in chinese Universities 2013年第3期29卷 477-482页

作者： SUN Chuan-wen WU Ying chen Yan-xia nan Shi-bin ZHANG Wang-geng College of Life and Environment Sciences Shanghai Normal University Shanghai 200234 P. R. China Jiangsu Institute of Eeomones Co. Ltd. Jintan 213200 P. R. China

A series of novel cis-nitenpyram analogues bearing acyloxy segments anchored on the tetrahydropyrimi-dine ring was designed and synthesized. Preliminary bioassays indicate that all the nitenpyram analogues 3a--3n exhibit good insecticidal activities against Nilaparvata lugens and Aphis medicaginis at 100 mg/L, while analogue 3k affords the best activity in vitro and the lethal concentration 50（LC50） values（0.187, 0.214 mg/L） are close to that of nitenpyram. The structure activity relationships（SARs） suggest that their insecticidal potency is influenced by the species of acyloxy segments. The docking results reveal that analogue 3k forms stronger hydrogen-bonding with the nAChR, which explain the structure activity relationships（SARs） observed in vitro and imply that the strategies of our designed nitenpyram analogues are feasible.

关键词： cis-Nitenpyram analogue Acyloxy segment Hydrogen-bonding action Insecticidal activity Molecular docking

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