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The coupling instability of Rossby and topographic Rossby waves in the equatorial area

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1792-1801页

作者： chao jiping1,2, liu Lin1,3.& YU Weidong1 1. Laboratory of {3. Science and Numerical Modeling, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, china 2. national Research center for {3. environmental Forecasts, State Oceanic Administration, beijing 100081, china 3. Ocean University of china, Qingdao 266003. china Laboratory of marine Science and Numerical Modeling State Oceanic Administration Qingdao china national Research center for marine {3. Forecasts State Oceanic Administration beijing china Ocean University of china Qingdao china

In case of considering the fact that the tropical ocean thermocline or the lower at-mosphere height field has the meridional variation, the topographic Rossby wave will be excited. Also the background geostrophic current emerges. Under such conditions, the topographic Rossby wave can interact with the classical Rossby wave at some parameter band and thus brings a new kind of instability, which may be of potential application in understanding some phenomena of the ENSO cycle.

关键词： thermocline variation, equatorial jet, Rossby wave, topographic Rossby wave, coupling instability

The numerical simulation of Pacific Ocean circulation with five-level model

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1993年第3期12卷 395-404页

作者： Xing Runan and chao jiping beijing Meteorological College,{3. china national Research center for marine environmental Forecasts,{3., china

A five-level oceanic primitive equation model has been developed. This model is integrated numerically with annual mean wind stress and heat flux at sea surface for 3. a. The ocean circulations tend to quasi-stability. The simulated results show that the computed annual mean currents and sea surface temperature agree well with the observations.

关键词： heat The numerical simulation of Pacific Ocean circulation with five-level model

Polar-coordinate line-projection light-curing continuous 3. printing for tubular structures

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第4期6卷 247-260页

作者： Huiyuan Wang Siqin liu Xincheng Yin Mingming Huang Yanzhe Fu Xun Chen chao Wang Jingyong Sun Xin Yan Jianmin Han jiping Yang Zhijian Wang Lizhen Wang Yubo Fan Jiebo Li Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology(Beihang University) Ministry of EducationInstitute of Medical PhotonicsBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191People's Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191People's Republic of China Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081People's Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191People's Republic of China

3. printing techniques offer an effective method in fabricating complex radially multi-material ***,it is challenging for complex and delicate radially multi-material model geometries without supporting structures,such as tissue vessels and tubular graft,among *** this work,we tackle these challenges by developing a polar digital light processing technique which uses a rod as the printing *** 3. model fabrication is accomplished through line *** rotation and translation of the rod are synchronized to project and illuminate the photosensitive material *** controlling the distance between the rod and the printing window,we achieved the printing of tubular structures with a minimum wall thickness as thin as 50 *** controlling the width of fine slits at the printing window,we achieved the printing of structures with a minimum feature size of 10 *** process accomplished the fabrication of thin-walled tubular graft structure with a thickness of only 100 micrometers and lengths of several centimeters within a timeframe of just 100 ***,it enables the printing of axial multi-material structures,thereby achieving adjustable mechanical *** method is conducive to rapid customization of tubular grafts and the manufacturing of tubular components in fields such as dentistry,aerospace,and more.

关键词： 3. printing polar coordinate line projection light-curing tubular structure radially multi-material structures

Semi-analytical analysis of the response of the air temperature over the land surface to the global vegetation distribution

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第14期54卷 2499-2505页

作者： liu fei1,2 & chao {3.3.4 1 Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100029, china 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china 3.national marine environmental Forecasting center, beijing 100081, china 4 First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration of china, Qingdao 266061, china Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China national marine environmental Forecasting {3. Beijing 100081 China First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration of China Qingdao 266061 China

Response of the air temperature over the land surface to the global vegetation distribution is investigated, using a three-dimensional governing equation to simulate the steady, large-scale, limited amplitude perturbation of the free, inviscid and adiabatic atmosphere. The adoption of the static equation leads to a temperature governing equation in the terrain following coordinate. With the prescribed temperature as the upper boundary condition and the radiation balance as the lower boundary condition, the semi-analytical solution of the global circulation temperature can be calculated. In this article, only the air temperature (at 2 m height) over the land surface is analyzed, and the result suggests that this model can simulate the air temperature pattern over the land surface reasonably. A better simulation occurs when a simple feedback of the albedo on the temperature is included. Two sensitivity experiments are analyzed through this model. One suggests that the air temperature over the land surface descends obviously when the land surface is covered with ice all over, while another suggests that the air temperature rises a little when the land surface is covered with forest except the ice-covered area. This model appears to be a good tool to study the response of the air temperature to the vegetation distribution. Limitations of the model are also discussed.

关键词：空气温度植被分布陆地表面反应解析分析模拟模式控制方程边界条件

Evolution of desertification in a two-dimensional energy balance model coupled with thermodynamics and dynamics

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第11期53卷 1726-1733页

作者： chao jiping1,2 & LI YaoKun3.4 1national {3. environmental Forecasting center, beijing 100081, china 2First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, china 3.tate Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100029, china 4Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china 1. national marine environmental Forecasting {3. Beijing 100081 China2. First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China3. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China4. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The relationship between desert evolution and change in albedo has been investigated quasi-analytically using a zonal mean two-dimensional energy balance model which considers the radiation transmission process due to thermodynamics and bound- ary layer movement caused by kinetics. A climate state including temperature, zonal wind, meridional wind and vertical wind can be simulated according to the current zonal distribution of albedo. Given desert distribution, characterized by the value and distribution of albedo, the response of climate on albedo has been studied to analyze the evolution of desert climate. One significant result is that the simple model can reproduce mean meridional circulation. Another result indicates that climate corresponds to two equilibria. This happens when the junction temperature between vegetation and desert is higher than a certain critical value. As for the first equilibrium, the desert belt is predicted to move southward in the northern hemisphere with the increasing values of albedo, which corresponds to the current trend of climate change. For the second equilibrium, vegetation will expand northward with increasing values of albedo, which would indicate a narrowing of the desert belt. In order to determine if the two equilibria exist, new physical models are needed.

关键词： two-dimensional energy balance model desertification two equilibria

Enhancing CO_(2)capture of an aminoethylethanolamine-based non-aqueous absorbent by using tertiary amine as a proton-transfer mediator:From performance to mechanism

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 146-156页

作者： Xiaobin Zhou DanWang chao liu Guohua Jing Bihong Lv Dunqiu Wang College of environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for environmental Pollution Control Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China College of Chemical Engineering Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China

Non-aqueous absorbents(NAAs)have attracted increasing attention for CO_(2)capture because of their great energy-saving *** diamines which can provide high CO_(2)absorption loading are promising candidates for formulating NAAs but suffer disadvantages in *** this study,a promising strategy that using tertiary amines(TAs)as proton-transfer mediators was proposed to enhance the regenerability of an aminoethylethanolamine(AEEA,diamine)/dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)(A/D)***,some employed TAs such as N,N-diethylaminoethanol(DEEA),N,N,N’,N’’,N’’-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine(PMDETA),3.dimethylamino-1-propanol(3.MA1P),and N,N-dimethylethanolamine(DMEA)enhanced not only the regenerability of the A/D NAA but also the CO_(2)absorption ***,the CO_(2)absorption loading and cyclic loading were increased by about 12.7%and 15.5%-22.7%,*** TA-enhanced CO_(2)capture mechanism was comprehensively explored via nuclear magnetic resonance technique and quantum chemical *** CO_(2)absorption,the TA acted as an ultimate proton acceptor for AEEA-zwitterion and enabled more AEEA to form carbamate species(AEEACOO-)to store CO_(2),thus enhancing CO_(2)*** CO_(2)desorption,the TA first provided protons directly to AEEACOO-as a proton donor;moreover,it functioned as a proton carrier and facilitated the low-energy step-wise proton transfer from protonated AEEA to AEEACOO-.Consequently,the presence of TA made it easier for AEEACOO-to obtain protons to decompose,resulting in enhanced CO_(2)*** a word,introducing the TA as a proton-transfer mediator into the A/D NAA enhanced both the CO_(2)absorption performance and the regenerability,which was an efficient way to“kill two birds with one stone”.

关键词： Carbon dioxide capture Non-aqueous absorbent Tertiary amine Proton-transfer mediator Enhanced mechanism

Formation,evolution,reconstruction of black shales and their influence on shale oil and gas resource

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china Geology 2024年第3期7卷 551-585页

作者： Shi-zhen Li Qiu-chen Xu Mu liu Guo-heng liu Yi-fan Li Wen-yang Wang Xiao-guang Yang Wei-bin liu Yan-{3. An Peng Sun Tao liu Jiang-hui Ding Qian-chao Li chao-gang Fang State Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil Beijing 100083China The Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Geology China Geological SurveyBeijing 100083China Oil and Gas Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and environmental Coevolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Resource and Environment Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Yangtze University Wuhan 430100China Nanjing center China Geological SurveyNanjing 210016China national Elite Institute of Engineering CNPCBeijing 100096China

Black shales are important products of material cycling and energy exchange among the lithosphere,atmosphere,hydrosphere,and *** are widely distributed throughout geological history and provide essential energy and mineral resources for the development of human *** also record the evolution process of the earth and improve the understanding of the *** review focuses on the diagenesis and formation mechanisms of black shales sedimentation,composition,evolution,and reconstruction,which have had a significant impact on the formation and enrichment of shale oil and *** terms of sedimentary environment,black shales can be classified into three types:marine,terrestrial,and marine-terrestrial transitional *** formation processes include mechanisms such as eolian input,hypopycnal flow,gravity-driven and offshore bottom *** a geological perspective,the formation of black shales is often closely related to global or regional major geological *** enrichment of organic matter is generally the result of the interaction and coupling of several factors such as primary productivity,water redox condition,and sedimentation *** terms of evolution,black shales have undergone diagenetic evolution of inorganic minerals,thermal evolution of organic matter and hydrocarbon generation,interactions between organic matter and inorganic minerals,and pore *** terms of reconstruction,the effects of fold deformation,uplift and erosion,and fracturing have changed the stress state of black shale reservoirs,thereby having a significant impact on the pore *** activity promotes the formation of veins,and have changed the material composition,stress structure,and reservoir properties of black *** resource effects,the deposition of black shales is fundamental for shale oil and gas resources,the evolution of black shales promotes the shale oil and gas formation and storage,and the reconstruction of black shales wou

关键词： Black shales Shale oil and gas Resource effects Sedimentary environment Sedimentary process Organic matter accumulation Diagenetic evolution Thermal evolution Organic matter and inorganic minerals Tectonic reconstruction Oil and gas exploration engineering Veins Fluid activity

Insights into Formation and Li-Storage Mechanisms of Hierarchical Accordion-Shape Orthorhombic CuNb_(2)O_(6) toward Lithium-Ion Capacitors as an Anode-Active Material

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Energy & environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 287-298页

作者： chao Cheng Yunsheng Yan Minyu Jia Yang liu Linrui Hou Changzhou Yuan School of Material Science and Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China

The orthorhombic CuNb_(2)O_(6)(O-CNO)is established as a competitive anode for lithium-ion capacitors(LICs)owing to its attractive compositional/structural ***,the high-temperature synthesis(>900℃)and controversial charge-storage mechanism always limit its ***,we develop a low-temperature strategy to fabricate a nano-blocks-constructed hierarchical accordional O-CNO framework by employing multilayered Nb_(2)CT_(x)as the niobium *** intrinsic stress-induced formation/transformation mechanism of the monoclinic CuNb_(2)O_(6)to O-CNO is tentatively put ***,the integrated phase conversion and solid solution lithium-storage mechanism is reasonably unveiled with comprehensive in(ex)situ *** to its unique structural merits and lithium-storage process,the resulted O-CNO anode is endowed with a large capacity of 150.3.mAh g^(-1)at 2.0 A g^(-1),along with long-duration cycling ***,the constructed O-CNO-based LICs exhibit a high energy(13..9 Wh kg^(-1))and power(4.0 kW kg^(-1))densities with a modest cycling stability(15.8%capacity degradation after 3.00 consecutive cycles).More meaningfully,the in-depth insights into the formation and charge-storage process here can promote the extensive development of binary metal Nb-based oxides for advanced LICs.

关键词： high-rate anodes lithium-ion capacitors lithium-storage mechanisms orthorhombic CuNb_(2)O_(6) phase transform

Mn single-atoms decorated CNT electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4039-4046页

作者： Qian Rong chao Yuwen Yingkai liu Yuanrong liu Chunyang Wang Yang Wang Ding Zhang Zhen Wen Yunnan Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Technology Institute of Physics and Electronic InformationYunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500China Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA School of Materials Science and Engineering National Institute for Advanced MaterialsSmart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science CenterNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials(FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Developing highly robust and efficient electrode materials is of critical importance to promoting the energy density of current supercapacitors for ***,we report an efficient catalyst with monodispersed Mn single-atoms embedded in carbon nanotubes(Mn-CNTs)for enhancing the electrode performance of supercapacitors.A high specific capacitance(1523.6 F·g^(-1) at 1.0 A·g^(-1))can be achieved,which is about twice as high as the specific capacitance of the electrode material without the introduction of Mn ***,the asymmetric electrochemical capacitor created with Mn-CNT and activated carbon exhibits a high energy density of 180.8 Wh·kg^(-1) at a power density of 1.4 kW·kg^(-1),much higher than most reported *** study shows that the integration of Mn atoms into the CNT can enhance the charge transport capacity and the number of polar active sites of Mn-CNT and then facilitate chemical interactions between Mn-CNT and OH-.This work provides a novel strategy to enable high-energy storage in supercapacitors by introducing single-atoms into carbon nanotubes to improve electrodes’energy density and cycle life.

关键词： carbon nanotube(CNT) supercapacitor single-atoms power density energy density