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Co-treatment with surfactant and sonication signifi cantly improves Agrobacterium-mediated resistant bud formation and transient expression efficiency in soybean

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第7期14卷 1242-1250页

作者： GUO Bing-fu GUO Yong WANG Jun ZHANG Li-juan JIN Long-guo HONG Hui-long chang ru-zheng QIU Li-juan College of Agriculture Northeast Agricultural University The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI) Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Agriculture Yangtze University

Soybean is a widely planted genetically modified crop around the world. However, it is still one of the most recalcitrant crops for genetic transformation due to the difficulty of regeneration via organogenesis and some factors that affect the transformation efficiency. The percentages of resistant bud formation and transient expression efficiency are important indexes reflecting the regeneration and transformation efficiency of soybean. In this study, the percentages of resistant bud formation and transient expression of 13-glucuronidase （GUS） were compared after treatment with sonication or surfactant and co-treatment with both. The results showed that treatment with either sonication or surfactant increased the percentage of resistant bud formation and transient expression efficiency. The highest percentages were acquired and significantly improved when cotyledon node explants were co-treated with sonication for 2 s and surfactant at 0.02% （v：v） using two different soybean genotypes, Jack and Zhonghuang 10. The improved transformation efficiency of this combination was also evaluated by development of herbicide-tolerant soybeans with transformation efficiency at 2.5-5.7% for different geno- types, which was significantly higher than traditional cotyledonary node method in this study. These results suggested that co-treatment with surfactant and sonication significantly improved the percentages of resistance bud formation, transient expression efficiency and stable transformation efficiency in soybean.

关键词： soybean genetic transformation sonication surfactant co-treatment

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Research progress and prospect of low-carbon biological technology for nitrate removal in wastewater treatment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 1-21页

作者： ru zheng Kuo Zhang Lingrui Kong Sitong Liu College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of Education of ChinaBeijing 100871China Eco-Environment and Resource Efficiency Research Laboratory School of Environment and EnergyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China

Wastewater treatment plants are the major energy consumers and significant sources of greenhouse gas emissions,among which biological nitrogen removal of wastewater is an important contributor to carbon ***,traditional heterotrophic denitrification still has the problems of excessive residual sludge and the requirement of external carbon ***,the development of innovative low-carbon nitrate removal technologies is *** review outlines the key roles of sulfur autotrophic denitrification and hydrogen autotrophic denitrification in low-carbon wastewater *** discovered nitrate/nitrite dependent anaerobic methane oxidation enables sustainable methane emission reduction and nitrogen removal by utilizing available methane in *** microorganisms exhibited a promising potential to achieve carbon-negative nitrate ***,the algal-bacterial symbiosis system and photogranules offer effective and prospective low-carbon options for nitrogen ***,the emerging nitrate removal technology of photoelectrotrophic denitrification and the underlying,photoelectron transfer mechanisms are ***,we summarize and prospect these technologies,highlighting that solar-driven biological nitrogen removal technology is a promising area for future sustainable wastewater *** review has important guiding significance for the design of low-carbon wastewater treatment systems.

关键词： Carbon emissions Low-carbon Biological nitrogen removal Denitrification

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Greedy Lattice Paths with General Weights

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第9期40卷 2213-2222页

作者： Yin Shan chang An Qi zheng College of Mathematics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065P.R.China

Let{X_(v):v∈Z^(d)}be *** *** S(π)=Σ_(v∈π)X_(v)be the weight of a self-avoiding lattice pathπ.Let M_(n)=max{S(π):πhas length n and starts from the origin}.We are interested in the asymptotics of Mn as n→∞.This model is closely related to the first passage percolation when the weights{X_(v):v∈Z^(d)}are non-positive and it is closely related to the last passage percolation when the weights{X_(v):v∈Z^(d)}are *** general weights,this model could be viewed as an interpolation between first passage models and last passage ***,this model is also closely related to a variant of the position of right-most particles of branching random *** the two assumptions that∃α>0,E(X_(0)^(+))^(d)(log^(+)X_(0)^(+))^(d+α)0,E(X_(0)^(+))^(d)(log^(+)X_(0)^(+))^(d+α)<+∞and that E[(X_(0)^(−))^(4)]<+∞,we prove that M_(n)/n converges to the same constant M almost surely as n tends to infinity.

关键词： Last passage percolation first passage percolation greedy lattice path

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Inverse-time Backup Protection Based on Unified Characteristic Equation for Distribution Networks with High Proportion of Distributed Generations

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 202-212页

作者： Nana chang Guobing Song Zhongxue chang Yuping zheng Xingang Yang the School of Electrical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control NARI Group CorporationNanjingChina Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company ShanghaiChina

The setting work of backup protection using steady-state current is tedious,and mismatches occasionally occur due to the increased proportion of distributed generations(DGs)connected to the power ***,there is a practical need to study a backup protection technology that does not require step-by-step setting and can be adaptively *** paper proposes an action sequence adaptive to fault positions that uses only positive sequence fault component(PSFC)*** the influence of DGs,the unified time dial setting can be obtained by selecting specific *** protection performance is improved by using the adjacent upstream and downstream protections to meet the coordination time interval in the case of metallic faults at the near-and far-ends of the ***,the expression and implementation scheme for inverse-time backup protection(ITBP)based on the unified characteristic equation is *** results show that this scheme can adapt to DG penetration scenarios and can realize the adaptive coordination of multi-level relays.

关键词： Inverse-time backup protection(ITBP) distributed generation(DG) positive sequence fault component(PSFC)voltage unified characteristic equation adaptive coordination

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Efficacy of scraping therapy on blood pressure and sleep quality in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ essential hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 12-21页

作者： zheng-gang Zhu Jian-ru Wang Xiao-yan Pan School of Nursing Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina School of Health Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaKubang Kerian 16150KelantanMalaysia Department of Cardiovascular Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina

Background Scraping therapy is widely used in treating stage I and II essential hypertension in ***,there has been no systematic evaluation of the efficacy of scraping therapy on blood pressure and sleep quality in stage I and II essential *** strategy Seven electronic databases(PubMed,Scopus,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,EBSCO,China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data electronic databases)were searched from inception to December *** on the principle of combining subject words with text words,the search strategy was constructed around search terms for“scraping therapy,”“scraping,”“Guasha,”“Gua sha,”“hypertension,”and“high blood pressure”during the database *** criteria Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included if they recruited patients with stage I and II essential hypertension and included a scraping therapy *** intervention group received antihypertensive drugs and scraping therapy,while the control group only took antihypertensive *** extraction and analysis Review Manager 5.4.0 and STATA 15.1 were used to enter all the relevant outcome variables to conduct the *** quality of the selected RCTs was assessed using the PEDro *** sensitivity analysis was carried out by iteratively excluding individual studies and repeating the analysis to determine the stability of the findings and identify any studies with greater influence on the *** analysis was performed to find the source of *** plots were used to evaluate the publication bias of included *** Nine RCTs including 765 participants were ***-analysis showed that scraping therapy combined with medication had an advantage over the use of medication alone in lowering systolic blood pressure(mean difference[MD]=?5.09,95%confidence interval[CI]=?6.50 to?3.67,P<0.001)and diastolic blood pressure(MD=?2.66,95%CI=?3.17 to?2.14,P<0.001).Subgroup analysis showed tha

关键词： Scraping therapy Essential hypertension Efficacy Blood pressure Sleep quality Systematic review Meta-analysis

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Reliability ensemble averaging reduces surface wind speed projection uncertainties in the 21st century over China

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Advances in Climate change Research 2024年第2期15卷 222-229页

作者： zheng-Tai ZHANG chang-Ai XU Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate change of the Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Accurate prediction of future surface wind speed(SWS)changes is the basis of scientific planning for wind *** studies have projected SWS changes in the 21st century over China on the basis of the multi-model ensemble(MME)of the 6th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6).However,the simulation capability for SWS varies greatly in CMIP6 multi-models,so the MME results still have large *** this study,we used the reliability ensemble averaging(REA)method to assign each model different weights according to their performances in simulating historical SWS changes and project the SWS under different shared socioeconomic pathways(SSPs)in *** results indicate that REA considerably improves the SWS simulation capacity of CMIP6,eliminating the overestimation of SWS by the MME and increasing the simulation capacity of spatial *** spatial correlations with observations increased from 0.56 for the MME to 0.85 for ***,REA could eliminate the overestimation of the SWS by 33%in *** for southeastern China,the SWS generally decreases over China in the near term(2020-2049)and later term(2070-2099),particularly under high-emission *** SWS reduction projected by REA is twice as high as that by the MME in the near term,reaching-4%to-3%.REA predicts a larger area of increased SWS in the later term,which expands from southeastern China to eastern *** study helps to reduce the projected SWS uncertainties.

关键词： Surface wind speed Uncertainty Multi-model ensemble Reliability ensemble averaging CMIP6

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Structural Properties of Ions and Polyelectrolytes in Aqueous Solutions under External Electric Fields:The Sign Effect

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第9期42卷 1341-1352,I0007页

作者： Cheng-Jiang Lin Jun-Jun Wang Yuan Jiang Shu-Li Chen Hong-Fei Li Wen-Han Zhao Qing-Rong Huang chang-ru Rong Xiao-zheng Duan State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China National Key Laboratory of Advanced Vehicle Integration and Control China FAW Group Co.Ltd.Changchun130013China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200438China Department of Food Science Rutgers University65 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNew Jersey08901USA

We utilize molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the microstructures of ions and polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions under external electric *** focusing on the multi-body interactions between ionic components and H_(2)O molecules,as well as their responses to the external electric fields,we clarify several nontrivial molecular features of the ionic and polyelectrolyte solutions,such as the solvations of cations and anions,clustering of the ions,and dispersions/aggregations of polyelectrolyte chains,as well as the corresponding responses of H_(2)O molecules in these *** simulations illustrate the variations in structures of ionic solutions caused by reversing the charge sign of the ions,and elucidate the disparity in structures between anionic and cationic polyelectrolyte solutions in the presence of the external electric *** work clarifies the mechanism for the alternations in complex multi-body interactions in aqueous solutions caused by the application electric field,which can contribute to the fundamental understanding of the physical and chemical natures of ion-containing and charged polymeric systems.

关键词： Polyelectrolyte Ions Aqueous solutions External electric fields Asymmetric dipole

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Influence of tectonic preservation conditions on the nanopore structure of shale reservoir: A case study of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation shale in western Hubei area, south China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2203-2217页

作者： Meng Xiang Shang Xu Ya-ru Wen Qi-Yang Gou Bing-chang Liu National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum (East China) Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Eco-environment Geology Hubei Geological Survey Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences

Tectonism is one of the dominant factors affecting the shale pore structure. However, the control of shale pore structure by tectonic movements is still controversial, which limits the research progress of shale gas accumulation mechanism in the complex tectonic region of southern China. In this study, 34 samples were collected from two exploratory wells located in different tectonic locations. Diverse experiments,e.g., organic geochemistry, XRD analysis, FE-SEM, low-pressure gas adsorption, and high-pressure mercury intrusion, were conducted to fully characterize the shale reservoir. The TOC, Ro, and mineral composition of the shale samples between the two wells are similar, which reflects that the shale samples of the two wells have proximate pores-generating capacity and pores-supporting ***, the pore characteristics of shale samples from two wells are significantly different. Compared with the stabilized zone shale, the porosity, pore volume, and specific surface area of the deformed zone shale were reduced by 60.61%, 64.85%, and 27.81%, respectively. Moreover, the macroscopic and fine pores were reduced by 54.01% and 84.95%, respectively. Fault activity and uplift denudation are not conducive to pore preservation, and the rigid basement of Huangling uplift can promote pore preservation. These three factors are important reasons for controlling the difference in pore structure between two wells shales. We established a conceptual model of shale pores evolution under different tectonic preservation conditions. This study is significant to clarify the scale of shale gas formation and enrichment in complex tectonic regions, and helps in the selection of shale sweet spots.

关键词： Shale gas Pore structure Tectonic preservation conditions Shale gas enrichment mechanism

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Copper coordination-driven self-assembly and encapsulation of PCR reagents

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 189-192页

作者： chang Lu Jinkai zheng Juewen Liu Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooONN2L 3G1Canada

Polymerase chain reactions(PCR)are a very important tool for use in cloning,nucleic acid sequencing and diagnostic *** storage conditions of PCR reagents are limited to freezing and a lot of mixing steps are *** this paper,we report using metal ions to form coordination nanomaterials with the intrinsic components of the PCR reagents including dNTP,DNA primers and DNA polymerase as an integrated PCR reaction *** complete PCR reactions,users need only to dissolve the coordination nanomaterials with a buffer and add template DNA.A few transition metal ions were screened and Cu^(2+)was found to be the most effective metal ion for this *** the encapsulation efficiency of PCR reagents was measured,which can reach close to 100%for the primers and DNA polymerase,but only 10%for dNTP because dNTP was *** study also exhibited this integrated PCR reaction system can be used for DNA detection with a similar detection limit to the normal PCR,and showed good stability of encapsulated PCR nanomaterial after storage for a week.

关键词： Metal ions Coordination Encapsulation PCR Storage

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Conditioning treatments mitigate the levels of fecal pollution indicators in soil during land-application of sewage sludge

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3091-3102页

作者： WANG YuHang LI Hua FANG WenHao WANG ru WANG XinXin zheng GuanYu ZHOU LiXiang Department of Environmental Engineering College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural University College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Pingxiang University Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization

Sewage sludge is a major source of fecal pathogens in the environment, and its application to land can result in a significant release of these pathogens into the soil. While conditioning treatments are crucial for improving the dewatering process of sludge, their impact on the presence and behavior of fecal pathogens in soil remains unclear. This study aims to assess four extraction methods for recovering fecal pollution indicators from soil amended with unconditioned and conditioned sludge. The indicators include Escherichia coli(EC), human-specific HF183 Bacteroides(HF183), human adenovirus(HAdV), human BK polyomavirus(BKPyV), human JC polyomavirus(JCPyV), and cross-assembly phage(crAssphage). This study also examines how soil moisture content affects the decay of these fecal pollution indicators in soil amended with raw sludge and investigates the influence of conditioning treatments with cationic polyacrylamide(PAM), Fenton's reagents, Fe[Ⅲ]/CaO on their persistence in soil. The results indicated that the direct extraction method was the most effective and unbiased for recovering fecal pollution indicators from sludge-amended soil compared with the three elution-concentration methods. All fecal pollution indicators, except HAdV, remained stable under dry soil conditions, while high soil moisture content(48.39%-53.14%) slowed the decay rates of these indicators. During the application of sludge to soil, effective control of fecal pollution indicators was observed, with JCPyVand HAdV becoming undetectable within a short period. The log reduction values of HF183, BKPyV, and crAssphage ranged from 0.1 to 2.8 logs after 30 d of cultivation. The application of conditioned sludge, especially Fenton's reagent-conditioned sludge, resulted in a reduction in human fecal contamination in the receiving soil. Therefore, implementing appropriate conditioning methods, such as using Fenton's reagent, can effectively mitigate the health risks associated with fecal pathogens.

关键词： fecal pollution indicators sewage sludge conditioning treatment land application soil

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