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Functional Maturation of Neuroendocrine GonadalAxis is Altered by Specific Phase Relations of Circadian Neurotransmitter Activity in Japanese Quail

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1995年第4期8卷 367-377页

作者： DORISPHILLIPS chandramohinichaturvedi DepartmentofZoology BanarasHinduUniversityVaranasi－221005India DepartmentofZoology BanarasHinduUniv

The present study was designed to ascertain the effects of temporal relationship of circadian neural oscillations on puberty attainment and reproductive growth of Japanese Quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica. Serotonin and dopamine precursors (5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-HTP and L-dihydroxyphenylalanine, L-DOPA; 5 mg/ 100 g body weight) were injected daily, 8 and 12 h apart in two groups of one-day old chicks, while controls received two daily injections of normal saline. Weekly/ biweekly observations (body weight, cloacal gland size, testicular volume and activity, ovarian follicular diameter and rate of egg production) were made until 9 weeks of age, wben the experiment was terminated. Results indicate that 8 h relationship completely suppressed gonadal growth even under long photoperiod (LD 16:8), while a 12 h relationship induced precocious sexual maturity and increased the rate of reproduction (spermatogenesis and egg production). It is concluded that circadian phase relationship of serotonergic and dopaminergic activity may not only determine the onset of reproduction in this poultry species, but may also alter the rate of reproduction possibly by affecting photoperiodic mechanism of reproductive regulation

关键词： Activity

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Effect of Photoperiod in the Regulation of the Annual Testicular Cycle of a Subtropical Mammal,the Indian Palm Squirrel, Funambulus pennanti

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1995年第1期8卷 65-73页

作者： A.B.SINGH chandramohinichaturvedi DepartmentofZoology BanarasHinduUniversityVaranasi221005India DepartmentofZoology BanarasHinduUnive

In seasonally breeding subtropical mammal, the Indian pelm squirrel (Funambulus pennanti), reproductive recrudescence is initiated before the winter solstice followed by sexually active condition which extends until the end of summer season. Onset of seasonal regression coincides with the annual decrease in daily photoperiod and the increased level of relative humidity resulting from the arrival of monsoon at this latitude. To test the photoperiodic responses, the groupe of squirrels were exposed to natural day length (NDL), long day length (LD15:9), and Short day length (LD 6: 18) over a period of one year beginning from March. Squirrels of all these groupe were exposed to similar ambient temperature and humidity ***, the rate of testicular development was similar in control and long day squirrels attaining peak values in May (0.67 cm3) and June (0.7 cm3) respectively. Thereafter, while the gonads of controls regressed, the latter maintained a plateau. On the other hand, the gonads of short day squirrels regressed sharply until June (0.21 cm3)followed by spontaneous recrudescence and finally a plateau (0.55 cm3). These results indicate that initially squirrels are photosensitive (as long days are gonadostimulatory and short days are inhibitory) in the first half of summer season but eventually become refractory to the inhibitory effect of short days. Obvinusly, an acyclic condition is developed under constant long as well short day conditions maintaining the neurocndocrine-gonadal-axis in a continuously active state. We suggest that in nature although gonadal growth of this species does not synchronize with the increase in daily photoperiod, it is partially regulated by an interplay of annual photocycle and humidity conditions. Present study also indicates that this species has developed a strong photoperiodic mechanism which may surposs the reproductive effect of other environmental factors when maintained in constant conditions of day length.

关键词： In cycle Funambulus pennanti Effect of Photoperiod in the Regulation of the Annual Testicular Cycle of a Subtropical Mammal,the Indian Palm Squirrel

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