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Cortical stimulation for treatment of neurological disorders of hyperexcitability: a role of homeostatic plasticity

Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 34-38页

作者： zhi chai Cungen Ma Xiaoming Jin Basic Medical College Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs for Serious Illness Based on Inflammatory Reactions Neurobiology Research Center Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine Institute of Brain Science Shanxi Datong University Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Department of Neurological Surgery Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine

Hyperexcitability of neural network is a key neurophysiological mechanism in several neurological disorders including epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and tinnitus. Although standard paradigm of pharmacological management of them is to suppress this hyperexcitability, such as having been exemplified by the use of certain antiepileptic drugs, their frequent refractoriness to drug treatment suggests likely different pathophysiological mechanism. Because the pathogenesis in these disorders exhibits a transition from an initial activity loss after injury or sensory deprivation to subsequent hyperexcitability and paroxysmal discharges, this process can be regarded as a process of functional compensation similar to homeostatic plasticity regulation, in which a set level of activity in neural network is maintained after injury-induced activity loss through enhanced network excitability. Enhancing brain activity, such as cortical stimulation that is found to be effective in relieving symptoms of these disorders, may reduce such hyperexcitability through homeostatic plasticity mechanism. Here we review current evidence of homeostatic plasticity in the mechanism of acquired epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and tinnitus and the effects and mechanism of cortical stimulation. Establishing a role of homeostatic plasticity in these disorders may provide a theoretical basis on their pathogenesis as well as guide the development and application of therapeutic approaches through electrically or pharmacologically stimulating brain activity for treating these disorders.

关键词： homeostatic plasticity epilepsy neuropathic pain cerebral cortex hyperexcitability brain injury tinnitus cortical stimulation

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Techniques of microwave permeability characterization for thin films

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第9期28卷 37-49页

作者： Xi-Ling Li Jian-Bo Wang Guo-zhi chai Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory for Special Function Materials and Structural Design of the Ministry of Education Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

We review the microwave methods to characterize the material properties, including the established and the emerging techniques in material characterization, especially the permeability spectra of the magnetic thin *** all aspects of the microwave techniques for characterizing the permeability of thin films at microwave frequencies, including the new methods developed by our group, are ***, the introduction part is ***, the coaxial-line with transmission/reflection methods and the pickup coil with electromagnetic induction method are ***, the most widely used shorted microstrip technique is discussed in detail by the equivalent circuit method, transmission line method,and electromagnetic induction ***, the coplanar waveguide method and the near-field probe method are also ***, the high temperature permeability characterization by using the shorted microstrip line, the near-field microwave probe, and the shorted microstrip line probe are described in *** paper may be useful for researchers or engineers who will build up such measurement fixture to make full use of the existing methods or to develop original methods to meet the requirements for ever-rising measurements.

关键词： high frequency permeability coaxial-line methods induction coil method shorted microstrip technique coplanar waveguide method

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Advantages of Rho-associated kinases and their inhibitor fasudil for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2623-2631页

作者： Qing Wang Li-Juan Song zhi-Bin Ding zhi chai Jie-Zhong Yu Bao-Guo Xiao Cun-Gen Ma Research Center of Neurobiology The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanxi University of Chinese MedicineJinzhongShanxi ProvinceChina Department of Physiology Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi ProvinceChina Institute of Brain Science Shanxi Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Neurodegenerative DiseasesShanxi Datong UniversityDatongShanxi ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Datong Fifth People’s HospitalDatongShanxi ProvinceChina Institute of Neurology Huashan HospitalInstitutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Ras homolog(Rho)-associated kinases(ROCKs)belong to the serine-threonine kinase family,which plays a pivotal role in regulating the damage,survival,axon guidance,and regeneration of *** are also involved in the biological effects of immune cells and glial cells,as well as the development of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and multiple *** studies by us and others confirmed that ROCKs inhibitors attenuated the symptoms and progression of experimental models of the abovementioned neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting neuroinflammation,regulating immune imbalance,repairing the blood-brain barrier,and promoting nerve repair and myelin ***,the first ROCKs inhibitor to be used clinically,has a good therapeutic effect on neurodegenerative *** increases the activity of neural stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells,thus optimizing cell *** review will systematically describe,for the first time,the effects of abnormal activation of ROCKs on T cells,B cells,microglia,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and pericytes in neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system,summarize the therapeutic potential of fasudil in several experimental models of neurodegenerative diseases,and clarify the possible cellular and molecular mechanisms of ROCKs *** review also proposes that fasudil is a novel potential treatment,especially in combination with cell-based *** from this review add support for further investigation of ROCKs and its inhibitor fasudil for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease cell-based therapy central nervous system cells fasudil immunocytes multiple sclerosis Parkinson’s disease pericytes Rho kinase inhibitor Rho-associated kinases

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Anti-inflammatory effects of Abelmoschus manihot(L.)*** LPS-induced cystitis in mice:potential candidate for cystitis treatment based on classic use

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2022年第5期20卷 321-331页

作者： ZHOU Su FAN Kai-Kai GU Li-Fei YU Bo-Yang chai Cheng-zhi Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research School of Traditional Chinese PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs School of Traditional Chinese PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China

Abelmoschus manihot(L.)Medik.(***)is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with a variety of pharmacological *** was first recorded in Jiayou Materia Medica dating back to the Song dynasty to eliminate urinary tract irritation by clearing away heat and diuretic ***,its pharmacological action on urinary tract infections has not been *** present study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of *** on a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced *** results showed that *** decreased white blood cell(WBC)count in urine sediments of the cystitis mice,alleviated bladder congestion,edema,as well as histopathological damage,reduced the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1β***,*** administration significantly downregulated the expression levels of TLR4,MYD88,IκBα,p-IκBα,NF-κB p65,and p-NF-κB p65 in LPS-induced cystitis *** findings demonstrated the protective effect of *** against LPS-induced cystitis,which is attributed to its anti-inflammatory profile by suppressing TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB *** results suggest that *** could be a potential candidate for cystitis treatment.

关键词： Abelmoschus manihot(L.)Medik.(A.manihot) Cystitis Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) Inflammation TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB

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A test on adverse selection of farmers in crop insurance:Results from Inner Mongolia,China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第2期16卷 478-485页

作者： ZHAO Yuan-feng chai zhi-hui Michael S.Delgado Paul V.Preckel College of Economics and Management Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Department of Agricultural Economics Purdue University

Adverse selection is an operating risk of crop insurance. Based on survey data on crop insurance collected by questionnaires in Inner Mongolia, China, the paper uses non-parametric analysis and econometric models to estimate the relationship between conditions for crop production and farmers＇ insurance decision in order to test the existence of farmers＇ adverse selection. The results show farmers＇ adverse selection does exist, but settling a claim by negotiation and premium subsidy from governments at all levels can defuse farmers＇ adverse selection under the current system of crop insurance. Risk regionalization, heterogeneous insurance contract and product innovation may decrease adverse selection to some extent.

关键词： crop insurance farmers adverse selection

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Sheng-Mai-San attenuates contractile dysfunction and structural damage induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia in mice

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2015年第10期13卷 743-750页

作者： MO Wei-Lan chai Cheng-zhi KOU Jun-Ping YAN Yong-Qing YU Bo-Yang Department of Complex Prescription of TCM China Pharmaceutical University Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Research China Pharmaceutical University

Sheng-Mai-San(SMS), a well-known Chinese medicinal plant formula, is widely used for the treatment of cardiac diseases characterized by deficiency of Qi and Yin syndrome. A mouse chronic intermittent hypoxia(CIH) model was established to mimic the primary clinical features of deficiency of Qi and Yin syndrome. Mice experienced CIH for 28 days(nadir 7% to peak 8% oxygen, 20 min per day), resulting in left ventricle(LV) dysfunction and structure abnormalities. After administration of SMS(0.55, 1.1, and 5.5 g·kg-1·d-1) for four weeks, improved cardiac function was observed, as indicated by the increase in the ejection fraction from the LV on echocardiography. SMS also preserved the structural integrity of the LV against eccentric hypotrophy, tissue vacuolization, and mitochondrial injury as measured by histology, electron microscopy, and ultrasound assessments. Mechanistically, the antioxidant effects of SMS were demonstrated; SMS was able to suppress mitochondrial apoptosis as indicated by the reduction of several pro-apoptotic factors(Bax, cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase-3) and up-regulation of the anti-apoptosis factor Bcl-2. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that SMS treatment can protect the structure and function of the LV and that the protective effects of this formula are associated with the regulation of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

关键词： Sheng-Mai-San Chronic intermittent hypoxia Contractile dysfunction Left ventricle Mitochondrial apoptosis

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Fasudil-modified macrophages reduce inflammation and regulate the immune response in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 671-679页

作者： Chunyun Liu Shangde Guo Rong Liu Minfang Guo Qing Wang zhi chai Baoguo Xiao Cungen Ma Institute of Brain Science Shanxi Datong UniversityDatongShanxi ProvinceChina The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Cireulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Research Center of Neurobiology Shanxi University of Chinese MedicineTaiyuanShanxi ProvinceChina Institute of Neurology Huashan HospitalInstitutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Multiple sclerosis is characterized by demyelination and neuronal loss caused by inflammatory cell activation and infiltration into the central nervous *** polarization plays an important role in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,a traditional experimental model of multiple *** study investigated the effect of Fasudil on macrophages and examined the therapeutic potential of Fasudil-modified macrophages in experimental autoimmune *** found that Fasudil induced the conversion of macrophages from the pro-inflammatory M1 type to the anti-inflammatory M2 type,as shown by reduced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide,interleukin-12,and CD16/32 and increased expression of arginase-1,interleukin-10,CD14,and CD206,which was linked to inhibition of Rho kinase activity,decreased expression of toll-like receptors,nuclear factor-κB,and components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway,and generation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-1β,and ***,Fasudil-modified macrophages effectively decreased the impact of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,resulting in later onset of disease,lower symptom scores,less weight loss,and reduced demyelination compared with unmodified *** addition,Fasudil-modified macrophages decreased interleukin-17 expression on CD4^(+)T cells and CD16/32,inducible nitric oxide synthase,and interleukin-12 expression on F4/80^(+)macrophages,as well as increasing interleukin-10 expression on CD4^(+)T cells and arginase-1,CD206,and interleukin-10 expression on F4/80^(+)macrophages,which improved immune regulation and reduced *** findings suggest that Fasudil-modified macrophages may help treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing M2 macrophage polarization and inhibiting the inflammatory response,thereby providing new insight into cell immunotherapy for m

关键词： anti-inflammatory experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Fasudil macrophage multiple sclerosis pro-inflammatory Rho kinase

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Nuclear Science Technology and Nano Science Technology

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2007年第1期46卷 11-20页

作者： chai zhi-fang Laboratory of Nuelear Analytical Techniques and Lab for Bio-Environmental Health Sciences of Nanoscale Materials Multidisciplinary Innovation Center Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Nuclear science and technology can play a unique role in nano-science and technology, due to its nuclear characteristics and properties. In many cases nuclear science and technology can acquire intriguing results to help solve some basic scientific problems in nano science and technology, which are often difficult or even impossible for non-nuclear routes. In this review some latest achievements made in this aspect will be selectively introduced with the emphasis on the work done in our laboratory. The work includes （1） nuclear reactions for synthesis of novel nanornaterials; （2） nuclear spectroscopy for characterization of nanomaterials; and （3） nuclear analytical techniques for study of nanoeafety and nanotoxicology. Some practical examples to demonstrate the roles of nuclear science and technology will be briefly described.

关键词：核科学纳米技术核反应核分析

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Ge-Gen Decoction attenuates oxytocin-induced uterine contraction and writhing response: potential application in primary dysmenorrhea therapy

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2016年第2期14卷 124-132页

作者： YANG Lu chai Cheng-zhi YUE Xin-Yi YAN Yan KOU Jun-Ping CAO Zheng-Yu YU Bo-Yang Department of Complex Prescription of TCM China Pharmaceutical University Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Research China Pharmaceutical University

The uterine tetanic contraction and uterine artery blood flow reduction are possible reasons for primary dysmenorrhea(PD). In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the uterine relaxant effect and the influence on uterine artery blood velocity of Ge-Gen Decoction(GGD), a well-known Chinese herbal formula. In female ICR mice, uterine contraction was induced by oxytocin exposure following estradiol benzoate pretreatment, and the uterine artery blood velocity was detected by Doppler ultrasound. Histopathological examination of the uterine tissue samples were performed by H&E staining. Ex vivo studies demonstrated that oxytocin, posterior pituitary, or acetylcholine induced contractions in isolated mouse uterus. GGD inhibited both spontaneous and stimulated contractions. In vivo study demonstrated that GGD significantly reduced oxytocin-induced writhing responses with a maximal inhibition of 87%. Further study demonstrated that GGD normalized oxytocin-induced abnormalities of prostaglandins F_2 alpha(PGF_(2α)) and Ca^(2+) in mice. In addition, injection of oxytocin induced a decrease in uterine artery blood flow velocity. Pretreatment with GGD reversed the oxytocin response on blood flow velocity. Histopathological examination showed pretreatment with GGD alleviated inflammation and edema in the uterus when compared with the model group. Both ex vivo and in vivo results indicated that GGD possessed a significant spasmolytic effect on uterine tetanic contraction as well as improvement on uterine artery blood velocity which may involve PGF_(2α) and Ca^(2+) signaling, suggesting that GGD may have a clinic potential in PD therapy.

关键词： Primary dysmenorrheal Spasmolytic and analgesic effect Uterine contraction Uterine artery blood flow Ge-Gen Decoction

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pH-dependent Synthesis of Octa-nuclear Uranyl-oxalate Network Mediated by U-shaped Linkers

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无机材料学报 2020年第2期35卷 243-249,I0009-I0014页

作者： WU Si MEI Lei HU Kong-Qiu chai zhi-Fang NIE Chang-Ming SHI Wei-Qun School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Ningbo Institute of Industrial TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China

In this work,we report a novel octa-nuclear uranyl(U8)motif[(UO2)8O4(μ3-OH)2(μ2-OH)2]4+embedded in a uranyl-oxalate coordination polymer(compound 1)based on a U-shaped linker with extra-long xylylene chains for stabilizing the resulting high-nuclear motif through additional cross-linking connectivity.A comparison with dimeric and monomeric uranyl compounds obtained at different pH value from the same hydrothermal system reveals that,solution pH plays a vital role in formation of this octa-nuclear uranyl motif by promoting hydrolysis of uranyl *** high similarity of eight uranium centers in this nearly planar U8 motif here,overlapping and broadening of signals in fluorescence,infra-red(IR)and Raman spectra can be found.

关键词： actinide coordination polymers octa-nuclear uranyl U-shaped Linker pH effect

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