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Role of laser scan strategies in defect control,microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of steel matrix composites prepared by laser additive manufacturing

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第3期28卷 462-474页

作者： Hong-yu Chen Dong-dong Gu Qing Ge Xin-yu Shi Hong-mei Zhang Rui Wang Han Zhang konrad Kosiba College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Laser Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Metallic Components Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Leibniz IFW Dresden Institute for Complex MaterialsHelmholtzstr.2001069 DresdenGermany

Steel matrix composites(SMCs)reinforced with WC particles were fabricated via selective laser melting(SLM)by employing various laser scan strategies.A detailed relationship between the SLM strategies,defect formation,microstructural evolution,and mechanical properties of SMCs was *** laser scan strategies can be manipulated to deliberately alter the thermal history of SMC during SLM ***,the involved thermal cycling,which encompassed multiple layers,strongly affected the processing quality of *** scan sequence combined with interlayer offset and orthogonal stagger mode can effectively eliminate the metallurgical defects and retained austenite within the produced ***,due to large thermal stress,microcracks that were perpendicular to the building direction formed within the *** employing the checkerboard filling(CBF)hatching mode,the thermal stress arising during SLM can be significantly reduced,thus preventing the evolution of interlayer *** compressive properties of fabricated SMCs can be tailored at a high compressive strength(~3031.5 MPa)and fracture strain(~24.8%)by adopting the CBF hatching mode combined with the optimized scan sequence and stagger *** study demonstrates great feasibility in tuning the mechanical properties of SLM-fabricated SMCs without varying the set energy input,e.g.,laser power and scanning speed.

关键词： laser additive manufacturing selective laser melting scan strategy defect control mechanical property

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Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody titers are stable over time in Crohn's patients and are not inducible in murine models of colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第44期11卷 6988-6994页

作者： Stefan Müller Maya Styner Beatrice Seibold-Schmid Beatrice Flogerzi Michael M(a|¨)hler Astrid konrad Frank Seibold Division of Gastroenterology Central Animal Facility and Institute for Laboratory Animal Science

AIM： To investigate ASCA production over time in CD and murine colitis in order to further our understanding of their etiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS： Sixty-six CD patients were compared to ulcerative colitis （UC） and irritable bowel syndrome patients with respect to ASCA production as measured by ELISA. ASCA IgG or IgA positivity as well as change in titers over a period of up to 3 years （△tgG/A） was correlated with clinical parameters such as CD activity index （CDM） and C-reactive protein levels （CRP）. Moreover, two murine models of colitis （DSS and IL-10 knock out） were compared to control animals with respect to ASCA titers after oral yeast exposure. RESULTS： ASCA IgG and IgA titers are stable over time in CD and non-CD patients. Fistular disease was associated with a higher rate of ASCA IgA positivity （P = 0.014）. Ileal disease was found to have a significant influence on the △tgG of ASCA （P = 0.032）. There was no correlation found between ASCA positivity or △tgG/A and clinical parameters of CD： CDAI and CRP. In mice, neither healthy animals nor animals with DSS-induced or spontaneous colitis exhibited a marked increase in ASCA titers after high-dose yeast exposure. On the other hand, mice immunized intraperitoneally with mannan plus adjuvant showed a marked and significant increase in ASCA titers compared to adjuvant-only immunized controls （P = 0.014）. CONCLUSION： The propensity to produce ASCA in a subgroup of CD patients is largely genetically predetermined as evidenced by their stability and lack of correlation with clinical disease activity parameters. Furthermore, in animal models of colitis, mere oral exposure of mice to yeast does not lead to the induction of marked ASCA titers irrespective of concomitant colonic inflammation. Hence, environment may play only a minor role in inducing ASCA.

关键词： Crohn's disease Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies Colitis

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Phase formation of a biocompatible Ti-based alloy under kinetic constraints studied via in-situ high-energy X-ray diffraction

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2020年第3期30卷 432-436页

作者： konrad Kosiba André Rothkirch Junhee Han Liang Deng Benjamin Escher Gang Wang Uta Kühn Jozef Bednarcik Leibniz IFW Dresden Institute for Complex Materials DESY Photon Science 3. Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH) Korea Institute for Rare Metals 4. Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems IPMS Department of Engineering 5. Laboratory for Microstructures Institute of Materials Shanghai University 6. J. Safarik University in Kosice Institute of Physics Department of Condensed Matter Physics

The biocompatible Ti40Cu34Pd14Zr10Sn2bulk metallic glass was rapidly heated,also known as flash-annealed,at varying heating rates up to 1579 K/***,the phase formation was characterized via advanced in-situ highenergy X-ray *** has been found that the evolving kinetic constraints can be used as a tool to deliberately alter the crystalline phase *** novel processing route permits to select phases to crystallize to a predefined fraction and,thus,to potentially design the microstructure of materials according to a specified ***,flash-annealing poses a unique synthesis route to design materials with,for instance,good biomechanical compatibility.

关键词： High-energy X-ray diffraction Flash-annealing Phase formation Metallic glass Biocompatible Ti alloy

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Catquest-9SF functioning over a decade–a study from the Swedish National Cataract Register

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Eye and Vision 2020年第1期7卷 553-562页

作者： Mats Lundström Maria Kugelberg Per Montan Ingela Nilsson Madeleine Zetterberg konrad Pesudovs Anders Behndig Department of Clinical Sciences/Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineLund UniversityTrossögatan 437137 KarlskronaLundSweden Department of Clinical Neuroscience Division of Ophthalmology and VisionKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden St Erik Eye Hospital StockholmSweden Capio Medocular LundSweden Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden University of New South Wales AdelaideSAAustralia Department of Clinical Sciences/Ophthalmology UmeåUniversityUmeåSweden

Background:The Swedish National Cataract Register(NCR)collects data on cataract surgery outcomes during March,including patient-reported outcomes using the Catquest-9SF questionnaire for over 11 *** studies from NCR have shown that the preoperative visual acuity has improved over *** main purpose of this study was to evaluate the Catquest-9SF Rasch scoring performance in this changing environment.A second purpose was to describe clinical data over the same period for those who completed the ***:The performance of the Catquest-9SF was analysed by a separate Rasch analysis for each year,resulting in a preoperative and postoperative score for each participating patient in the annual *** clinical data and questionnaire scoring were analysed for each year in the period 2008-2018 ***:Data were available for 42,023 eyes for 11 annual cohorts(2008-2018).The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were stable during the study *** separation(precision)for the whole period was 2.58 and varied between 2.45 and *** person reliability was 0.87 and varied between 0.86 and *** targeting of question difficulty to person ability became less accurate over time meaning that the item activities became easier to carry out without *** average targeting for the whole period was−2.06 and changed from−1.92 in 2008 to−2.31 in *** person score improved both before surgery and after surgery,indicating that patients are undergoing surgery at a more able level and getting better *** average improvement by surgery decreased from 3.41 logits in 2008 to 3.21 logits in 2018(p=0.003).Over time,patient age decreased from 75 to 74 years(p<0.001)and the proportion of women decreased from 63.9 to 57.9%(p<0.001).The mean preoperative visual acuity in both the operated eye and the better eye improved over time(0.47 to 0.40 logMAR,p<0.001 and 0.22 to 0.19 logMAR,p<0.001,respectively),as did the mean post

关键词： Cataract extraction Outcomes Questionnaire Patient-reported outcomes Rasch analysis

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Automated decision support for Hallux Valgus treatment options using anteroposterior foot radiographs

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第11期14卷 800-812页

作者： konrad Kwolek Artur Gądek Kamil Kwolek Radek Kolecki Henryk Liszka Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology University HospitalKraków 30-688MałopolskaPoland Department of Orthopedics and Physiotherapy Jagiellonian University Collegium MedicumKraków 30-688MałopolskaPoland Department of Spine Disorders and Orthopedics Gruca Orthopedic and Trauma Teaching HospitalOtwock 05-400Poland

BACKGROUND Assessment of the potential utility of deep learning with subsequent image analysis to automate the measurement of hallux valgus and intermetatarsal angles from radiographs to serve as a preoperative aid in establishing hallux valgus severity for clinical *** To investigate the accuracy of automated measurements of angles of hallux valgus from radiographs for further integration with the preoperative planning *** The data comprises 265 consecutive digital anteroposterior weightbearing foot radiographs.181 radiographs were utilized for training(161)and validating(20)a U-Net neural network to achieve a mean Sørensen–Dice index>97%on bone segmentation.84 test radiographs were used for manual(computer assisted)and automated measurements of hallux valgus severity determined by hallux valgus(HVA)and intermetatarsal angles(IMA).The reliability of manual and computerbased measurements was calculated using the interclass correlation coefficient(ICC)and standard error of measurement(SEM).Inter-and intraobserver reliability coefficients were also *** operative treatment recommendation was then applied to compare results between automated and manual angle *** Very high reliability was achieved for HVA and IMA between the manual measurements of three independent *** HVA,the ICC between manual measurements was *** IMA,ICC was *** manual against automated computer measurement,the reliability was high as *** HVA,absolute agreement ICC and consistency ICC were 0.97,and SEM was *** IMA,absolute agreement ICC was 0.75,consistency ICC was 0.89,and SEM was ***,a strong correlation(0.80)was observed between our approach and traditional clinical adjudication for preoperative planning of hallux valgus,according to an operative treatment algorithm proposed by *** The proposed automated,artificial intelligence assisted determination of hallux valgus angles

关键词： Computer-aided diagnosis Artificial intelligence in orthopedics Automated preoperative decision support Deep learning Medical imaging

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Feasibility of pancreatectomy following high-dose proton therapy for unresectable pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017年第4期9卷 103-108页

作者： Kathryn E Hitchcock R Charles Nichols Christopher G Morris Debashish Bose Steven J Hughes John A Stauffer Scott A celinski Elizabeth A Johnson Robert A Zaiden Nancy P Mendenhall Michael S Rutenberg Department of Radiation Oncology University of Florida Department of Surgical Oncology UF Health Cancer Center-Orlando Health Department of Surgery University of Florida Department of Surgery Mayo Clinic Department of Surgery Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas Department of Hematology/Oncology Mayo Clinic Department of Hematology/Oncology Baptist Health

AIM To review surgical outcomes for patients undergoing pancreatectomy after proton therapy with concomitant capecitabine for initially unresectable pancreatic *** From April 2010 to September 2013,15 patients with initially unresectable pancreatic cancer were treated withproton therapy with concomitant capecitabine at 1000 mg orally twice daily. All patients received 59.40 Gy(RBE) to the gross disease and 1 patient received 50.40 Gy(RBE) to high-risk nodal targets. There were no treatment interruptions and no chemotherapy dose reductions. Six patients achieved a radiographic response sufficient to justify surgical exploration,of whom 1 was identified as having intraperitoneal dissemination at the time of surgery and the planned pancreatectomy was aborted. Five patients underwent resection. Procedures included:Laparoscopic standard pancreaticoduodenectomy(n = 3),open pyloris-sparing pancreaticoduodenectomy(n = 1),and open distal pancreatectomy with irreversible electroporation(IRE) of a pancreatic head mass(n = 1). RESULTS The median patient age was 60 years(range,51-67). The median duration of surgery was 419 min(range,290-484),with a median estimated blood loss of 850 cm^3(range,300-2000),median ICU stay of 1 d(range,0-2),and median hospital stay of 10 d(range,5-14). Three patients were re-admitted to a hospital within 30 d after discharge for wound infection(n = 1),delayed gastric emptying(n = 1),and ischemic gastritis(n = 1). Two patients underwent R0 resections and demonstrated minimal residual disease in the final pathology specimen. One patient,after negative pancreatic head biopsies,underwent IRE followed by distal pancreatectomy with no tumor seen in the specimen. Two patients underwent R2 resections. Only 1 patient demonstrated ultimate local progression at the primary site. Median survival for the 5 resected patients was 24 mo(range,10-30).CONCLUSION Pancreatic resection for patients with initially unresectable cancers is feasible after

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreatectomy Pancreas Proton therapy Radiotherapy

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Anastomotic techniques for rat lung transplantation

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World Journal of Transplantation 2018年第2期8卷 38-43页

作者： Taufiek konrad Rajab Division of Cardiac Surgery Brigham and Women’s Hospital Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School

The first lung transplantation in the rat was achieved by Asimacopoulos et al using sutured anastomoses in *** development of a cuffed technique to construct the anastomoses by Mizuta and colleagues in 1989 represented a breakthrough that resulted in simplification of the procedure and shorter warm is-chemic *** then,a number of further variations on the technique of rat lung transplantation have been *** spite of this,the procedure remains technically demanding and involves a long learning *** minireview describes the following new technical safeguards to further evolve the technique for cuffed anastomoses in rat lung transplantation:the use of anatomical landmarks to avoid twisting of the everted donor pulmonary vein and bronchus in the cuff,the use of the cuff tie as a landmark to avoid twisting of the anastomotic cuffs relative to the recipient vessels,distal ties on the recipient vessels to achieve a bloodless field and triangulation of the venotomy to avoid pulmonary vein tearing.

关键词： Lung transplantation Rat Surgery Animal experiments Technique

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A review on the critical challenges and progress of SiO_(x)-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第4期29卷 876-895页

作者： Nana Yao Yu Zhang Xianhui Rao Zhao Yang Kun Zheng konradŚwierczek Hailei Zhao School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Faculty of Energy and Fuels AGH University of Science and Technologyal.A.Mickiewicza 30Krakow30-059Poland Beijing Key Lab of New Energy Materials and Technology Beijing 100083China

With the advantages of abundant resources,high specific capacity,and relatively stable cycling performance,silicon suboxides(SiO_(x) ,x<2)have been recently suggested as promising anodes for next-generation lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).SiO_(x) exhibits superior storage capability because of the presence of silicon and smaller volume change upon charge/discharge than Si owing to the buffering effect of the initial lithiation products of inert lithium oxide and lithium silicates,enabling a stable cycle life of ***,significant improvements such as overcoming issues related to volume changes in cycling and initial irreversible capacity loss and enhancing the ionic and electronic charge transport in poorly conducting SiO_(x) electrodes,are still needed to achieve the satisfactory performance required for commercial *** review summarizes recent progress on the cycling performance and initial coulombic efficiency of SiO_(x) .Advances in the design of particle morphology and composite composition,prelithiation and prereduction methods,and usage of electrolyte additives and optimized electrode binders are *** on the promising research directions that might lead to further improvement of the electrochemical properties of SiO_(x) -based anodes are *** paper can serve as a basis for the research and development of high-energy-density LIBs.

关键词： silicon suboxides preparation structural optimization anode lithium-ion batteries

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Al-driven peculiarities of local coordination and magnetic properties in single-phase Al_(x)-CrFeCoNi high-entropy alloys

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 4845-4858页

作者： Alevtina Smekhova Alexei Kuzmin konrad Siemensmeyer Chen Luo Kai Chen Florin Radu Eugen Weschke Uwe Reinholz Ana Guilherme Buzanich Kirill V.Yusenko Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie(HZB) D-12489Germany Institute of Solid State Physics University of LatviaLV-1063Latvia Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung(BAM) D-12489Germany

Modern design of superior multi-functional alloys composed of several principal components requires in-depth studies of their local structure for developing desired macroscopic ***,peculiarities of atomic arrangements on the local scale and electronic states of constituent elements in the single-phase face-centered cubic(fcc)-and body-centered cubic(bcc)-structured high-entropy Alx-CrFeCoNi alloys(x=0.3 and 3,respectively)are explored by element-specific X-ray absorption spectroscopy in hard and soft X-ray energy *** based on the reverse Monte Carlo approach allow to perform a simultaneous fit of extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra recorded at K absorption edges of each 3d constituent and to reconstruct the local environment within the first coordination shells of absorbers with high *** revealed unimodal and bimodal distributions of all five elements are in agreement with structure-dependent magnetic properties of studied alloys probed by magnetometry.A degree of surface atoms oxidation uncovered by soft X-rays suggests different kinetics of oxide formation for each type of constituents and has to be taken into account.X-ray magnetic circular dichroism technique employed at L2,3 absorption edges of transition metals demonstrates reduced magnetic moments of 3d metal constituents in the sub-surface region of in situ cleaned fcc-structured Al0.3-CrFeCoNi compared to their bulk *** to nanostructured versions of multicomponent alloys,such studies would bring new insights related to effects of high entropy mixing on low dimensions.

关键词： high-entropy alloys reverse Monte Carlo magnetism element-specific spectroscopy extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS) X-ray magnetic circular dichroism(XMCD)

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Automated patellar height assessment on high-resolution radiographs with a novel deep learning-based approach

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第6期14卷 387-398页

作者： Kamil Kwolek Dariusz Grzelecki konrad Kwolek Dariusz Marczak Jacek Kowalczewski Marcin Tyrakowski Department of Spine Disorders and Orthopaedics Centre of Postgraduate Medical EducationGruca Orthopaedic and Trauma Teaching HospitalOtwock 05-400Poland Department of Orthopaedics and Rheumoorthopedics Centre of Postgraduate Medical EducationGruca Orthopaedic and Trauma Teaching HospitalOtwock 05-400Poland Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology University HospitalKrakow 30-663Poland

BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence and deep learning have shown promising results in medical imaging and interpreting ***,medical community shows a gaining interest in automating routine diagnostics issues and orthopedic *** To verify the accuracy of automated patellar height assessment using deep learning-based bone segmentation and detection approach on high resolution *** 218 Lateral knee radiographs were included in the analysis.82 radiographs were utilized for training and 10 other radiographs for validation of a U-Net neural network to achieve required Dice score.92 other radiographs were used for automatic(U-Net)and manual measurements of the patellar height,quantified by Caton-Deschamps(CD)and Blackburne-Peel(BP)*** detection of required bones regions on high-resolution images was done using a You Only Look Once(YOLO)neural *** agreement between manual and automatic measurements was calculated using the interclass correlation coefficient(ICC)and the standard error for single measurement(SEM).To check U-Net's generalization the segmentation accuracy on the test set was also *** Proximal tibia and patella was segmented with accuracy 95.9%(Dice score)by U-Net neural network on lateral knee subimages automatically detected by the YOLO network(mean Average Precision mAP greater than 0.96).The mean values of CD and BP indexes calculated by orthopedic surgeons(R#1 and R#2)was 0.93(±0.19)and 0.89(±0.19)for CD and 0.80(±0.17)and 0.78(±0.17)for *** measurements performed by our algorithm for CD and BP indexes were 0.92(±0.21)and 0.75(±0.19),*** agreement between the orthopedic surgeons’measurements and results of the algorithm has been achieved(ICC>0.75,SEM<0.014).CONCLUSION Automatic patellar height assessment can be achieved on high-resolution radiographs with the required *** patellar end-points and the joint line-fitting to the proximal tibia j

关键词： Medical imaging Artificial intelligence in orthopedics Patellar index Deep learning Bone segmentation Region of interest detection

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