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Plant communities and reproductive phenology in mountainous regions of northern Libya

Journal of forestry Research 2017年第4期28卷 741-761页

作者： Ahmad K. Hegazy Hanan f. Kabiel Saud L. Al-Rowaily Lesley Lovett-Doust Abd El-Nasser S. Al Borki Department of Botany and Microbiology Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt Department of Plant Production College of Food and Agricultural SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Biology and Chemistry Nipissing UniversityNorth BayONCanada Department of Botany Faculty of Sciences and ArtsUniversity of BenghaziAgdabiaLibya

Within the semi-desert landscape of northern Libya, two sub-humid escarpments occur: Al-Akhdar in the east and Nafusa (Jabal Al-Gharbi) in the west. This study compares plant communities in the two regions, which are along an elevation gradient, in terms of species composition and diversity, frequency of different Raunkiaer life forms, and reproductive phenology. The two regions differed in species composition and life-form frequency between regions and between elevation zones within each region. Patterns were associated with the lower rainfall and lower moisture-holding capacity of soils at Nafusa, resulting in more xeric conditions. Only 13% of species were shared between the two regional landscapes. Species diversity, life-form frequency, and duration of the flowering-fruiting phenophase were all affected by elevation above sea level. The duration of flowering and fruiting in spring and fall was associated with environmental conditions, although there were different thresholds in the two regions. There was both a spring and fall episode of flowering at Nafusa, but only spring flowering at Al-Akhdar. It is anticipated that there will be a gradual shift of plant communities to higher elevations and loss of certain sensitive species in response to ongoing climate change.

关键词： Altitudinal gradient Raunkiaer life forms Reproductive phenology Southern Mediterranean

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Raman-IR vibrational and XRD characterization of ancient and modern mineralogy from volcanic eruption in Tenerife Island： Implication for Mars

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Geoscience frontiers 2016年第4期7卷 673-681页

作者： E.A.Lalla G.Lopez-Reyes A.Sansano A.Sanz-Arranz j.Martinez-frias J.Medina f.Rull-Perez department of physics faculty of science university of la laguna san cristobal de la laguna santa cruz de tenerifeCP 38206 spain Unidad Asociada al Centro de Astrobiologfa CSIC-INTA Associated to the NASA Astrobiology Center-Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial Torrejon de ArdozCP 28850MadridSpain Department of Earth Dynamics and Observation lnstituto de Ceociencias IGEO-(CSIC-UCM)Facultad de Ciencias Geologicas.Ciudad UniversitariaCP 28040MadridSpain

A detailed vibrational Raman-lR spectroscopic and diffractional analyses have been performed on basalts from two locations from Tenerife Island：（1） the Arenas Negras volcano which belongs to the historical eruption not showing visible alteration and （2） Pillow Lavas zone from Anaga Massif which shows a clearly fluid-rock interaction caused by submarine alteration. These places have been extensively studied due to its similarity with the surface of Mars. The analysis is based on the mineral detection of selected samples by a Micro-Raman study of the materials. The complementary techniques have confirmed the mineralogy detected by the Raman measurement. The results show a volcanic environment behavior with primary phases like olivine, pyroxene, and feldsparJplagioclase. Moreover, the presence of accessory minerals or secondary mineralization like phosphate, iron oxides, zeolite or carbonates shows the alteration processes on each outcrop. The variation in the crystallinity and amorphous phases is related to fluid-rock interaction caused by hydrothermal episodes and external weathering processes, which shows several analogies with the ancient volcanic activity from Mars.

关键词： Mars Volcanoes Terrestrial analog Raman spectroscopy Tenerife Island Mineralogy

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全球鹦鹉入侵

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环球科学 2023年第15期 38-47页

作者：瑞安·f.曼德尔鲍姆吕昀斐(译) 王梓峰(审校) 不详

在美国纽约布鲁克林的绿荫公墓中,生者受到的关注与死者一样多。这里的场地管理员将这片约两平方千米的历史地标当作植物园,以及200多种繁殖与迁鸟类的栖息地来维护。但许多来访的野生动物爱好者对这里的本地鸟类并不感兴趣。他们站在... 详细信息

在美国纽约布鲁克林的绿荫公墓中,生者受到的关注与死者一样多。这里的场地管理员将这片约两平方千米的历史地标当作植物园,以及200多种繁殖与迁鸟类的栖息地来维护。但许多来访的野生动物爱好者对这里的本地鸟类并不感兴趣。他们站在入口处,手中的双筒望远镜对准了绿荫公墓哥特复兴式拱门上的尖顶他们是来看鹦鹉的。

关键词：双筒望远镜植物园鹦鹉野生动物布鲁克林栖息地公墓美国纽约

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Implementation of a faraday rotation diagnostic at the OMEGA laser facility

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2018年第3期6卷 102-111页

作者： A.Rigby J.Katz A.f.A.Bott T.G.White P.Tzeferacos D.Q.Lamb D.H.froula G.Gregori Department of Physics University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PU UK Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester 250 E. River Rd Rochester NY 14623 USA Department of Physics University of Nevada Reno NV 89557 USA Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Chicago 5640 S. Ellis Ave Chicago IL 60637 USA

Magnetic field measurements in turbulent plasmas are often difficult to perform. Here we show that for kG magnetic fields, a time-resolved faraday rotation measurement can be made at the OMEGA laser facility. This diagnostic has been implemented using the Thomson scattering probe beam and the resultant path-integrated magnetic field has been compared with that of proton radiography. Accurate measurement of magnetic fields is essential for satisfying the scientific goals of many current laser–plasma experiments.

关键词：湍流等离子体磁场激光技术激光装置

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Influence of physical and chemical factors during foraging and culture of the symbiont fungus in Atta sexdens rubropilosa （Hymenoptera： formicidae）

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Insect Science 2007年第4期14卷 295-300页

作者： SANDRA S. VERZA LUIZ C. fORTI JULIANE f. S. LOPES ROBERTO S.CAMARGO CARLOS A. O. MATOS Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociencias Laboratrio de Insetos Sociais-Praga Departamento de Produ~~o Vegetal-Def-esa Fitossanitaria Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas UNESP-Sao Paulo State University Fazenda Experimental LageadoBotucatu SP Comportamento e Biologia Animal Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas UFJF-Universidade Federal de Juiz de ForaCampus Universitario Martelos Juiz de Fora MG Campus Experimental de Itapeva UNESP Itapeva SP Brazil

The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of physical and chemical factors on transport and use of substrate for Atta sexdens rubropilosa workers. Three types of rectangular fragments were used to study the physical influence factors： filter paper with paraffin, filter paper without paraffin and polyester film. To study the chemical factors, some fragments were impregnated with organic extract of orange albedo, others were soaked with soybean oil and for the remaining ones nothing was applied. The fonowing parameters were evaluated：（i） attractiveness of substrate for transport and number of loading workers per treatment; （ii） foraged material incorporation; （iii） rejection by numbers of fragments deposited in the garbage or beside the fungus garden. All the polyester film fragments carried out to the fungus garden were subsequently rejected. We verified that chemical factors of the substrate were more quickly detected by the workers, whereas physical factors were used as a criterion in the decision-making to reject or accept the substrate collected.

关键词： Atta sexdens rubropilosa attractiveness behavior leaf-cutting ants substraterejection substrate selection

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TRIBOLOGICAL AND HIGH SPEED TURNING PERfORMANCE IN Ti_(1-x)Al_(x)N COATINGS PREPARED BY CLOSE-fIELD UNBALANCED MAGNETRON SPUTTERING

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第3期18卷 254-260页

作者： P.W.Shum M.Escursell T.H.Wong K.Y.Li Z.f.Zhou Y.G.Shen Advanced Coatings Applied Research Laboratory(ACARL) Department of Manufacturi ng Engineering and Engineering ManagementCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina

Titanium-aluminium-nitride(Ti_(1-x)Al_(x)N)coatings were deposited by close-field un balanced magnetron sputtering on M42 steel substrates and WC-6wt%Co inserts at 450℃.The tribological behavior was analyzed by sliding against steel and WC-6wt%Co balls,while the turning performance was evaluated by a conventional tu rning machine at high cutting speeds without using *** the tribological tests,the formation of transfer layer and the variations of hardness of the co atings played an important role for sliding against steel *** the coating s sliding against WC-6wt%Co balls,the Ti-Al-N coatings showed a similar frictio n coefficient,but the TiN coating exhibited a lower *** difference could be explained by the tri-oxidation wear *** the turning tests,a super ior cutting performance of the coating was found at x=0.45,which endured 38 min utes before the tool flank wear reached the maximum value of 0.3mm,whereas only 20 minutes were endured for the TiN *** excellent performance of the c oatings in the turning tests could be explained by the enhanced mechanical prope rties and oxidation/diffusion resistance of the coatings.

关键词： hardness Ti-Al-N coating tribology turning test wear test

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Circular smooth muscle contributes to esophageal shortening during peristalsis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第32期18卷 4317-4322页

作者： Anil K Vegesna Keng-Yu Chuang Ramashesai Besetty Steven J Phillips Alan S Braverman Mary f Barbe Michael R Ruggieri Larry S Miller Department of Medicine Section of GastroenterologyHofstra Northshore Long Island Jewish HospitalHofstra University School of MedicineManhassetNY 11030United States Department of Medicine Section of GastroenterologyTemple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19140United States Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19140United States Department of Urology Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19140United States Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Urology Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19140United States

AIM:To study the angle between the circular smooth muscle(CSM) and longitudinal smooth muscle(LSM) fibers in the distal ***:In order to identify possible mechanisms for greater shortening in the distal compared to proximal esophagus during peristalsis,the angles between the LSM and CSM layers were measured in 9 *** outer longitudinal layer of the muscularis propria was exposed after stripping the outer *** inner circular layer of the muscularis propria was then revealed after dissection of the esophageal mucosa and the underlying muscularis *** of each specimen were taken with half of the open esophagus folded back showing both the outer longitudinal and inner circular muscle *** were measured every one cm for 10 cm proximal to the squamocolumnar junction(SCJ) by two independent *** human esophagi were obtained from organ transplant donors and the angles between the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers were measured using micro-computed tomography(micro CT) and Image J ***:All data are presented as mean ± *** CSM to LSM angle at the SCJ and 1 cm proximal to SCJ on the autopsy specimens was 69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 74.9 ± 3.09 degrees,P = *** CSM to LSM angle at SCJ were statistically significantly lower than at 2,3,4 and 5 cm proximal to the SCJ,69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 82.58 ± 1.34 degrees,84.04 ± 1.64 degrees,84.87 ± 1.04 degrees and 83.72 ± 1.42 degrees,P = 0.013,P = 0.008,P = 0.004,P = 0.009 *** CSM to LSM angle at SCJ was also statistically significantly lower than the angles at 6,7 and 8 cm proximal to the SCJ,69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 80.18 ± 2.09 degrees,81.81 ± 1.75 degrees and 80.96 ± 2.04 degrees,P = 0.05,P = 0.02,P = 0.03 *** CSM to LSM angle at 1 cm proximal to SCJ was statistically significantly lower than at 3,4 and 5 cm proximal to the SCJ,74.94 ± 3.09 degrees vs 84.04 ± 1.64 degrees,84.87 ± 1.04 degrees and 83.72 ± 1.42 degrees,P =

关键词：平滑肌食管蠕动计算机断层扫描圆形 CSM LSM 角度测量

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Anisotropic Electroplastic Effects on the Mechanical Properties of a Nano-Lamellar Austenitic Stainless Steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第4期34卷 534-542页

作者： Y.R.Ma H.J.Yang D.D.Ben X.H.Shao Y.Z.Tian Q.Wang Z.f.Zhang Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Sciences and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Shenyang National Laboratory of Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang110016China

Effects of electropulsing treatment(EPT)on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of a cold-rolled 316 L austenitic stainless steel with nano-lamellar structure were *** EPT experiments were carried out with the electric current direction along the rolling direction(RD)and the transverse direction(TD)of the samples,*** anisotropic electroplastic effects for the RD and TD specimens,i.e.,reduced hardness/strength and enhanced ductility,were obtained owing to the different recrystallization behaviors of the RD and TD specimens during *** RD specimens after EPT with larger recrystallized grain size and higher volume fraction of recrystallization show lower strength and higher elongation than that of the TD *** main reason might be attributed to the change of the current direction in the two kinds of samples,which results in the different sensitivity of the microstructures to thermal and athermal effects during EPT.

关键词： Stainless steel Electroplastic effect Electropulsing Recrystallization Anisotropy Strength Plasticity

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Immunogenetic factors driving formation of ultralong VH CDR3 in Bos taurus antibodies

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第1期16卷 53-64页

作者： Thaddeus C Deiss Melissa Vadnais feng Wang Patricia L Chen Ali Torkamani Waithaka Mwangi Marie-Paule Lefranc Michael f Criscitiello Vaughn V Smider Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory Department of Veterinary PathobiologyCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCA 92037USA California Institute for Biomedical Research La JollaCA 92037USA Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCA 92037USA Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology College of Veterinary MedicineKansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA IMGT the International ImMunoGeneTics information systemLaboratoire d’ImmunoGénétique MoléculaireInstitut de Génétique HumaineCNRSUniversity of MontpellierMontpellier 34396France Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology College of MedicineTexas A&M UniversityBryanTX 77807USA fabrus Inc.La JollaCA 92037USA

The antibody repertoire of Bos taurus is characterized by a subset of variable heavy(VH)chain regions with ultralong third complementarity determining regions(CDR3)which,compared to other species,can provide a potent response to challenging antigens like HIV *** unusual CDR3 can range to over seventy highly diverse amino acids in length and form uniqueβ-ribbon‘stalk’and disulfide bonded‘knob’structures,far from the typical antigen binding *** genetic components and processes for forming these unusual cattle antibody VH CDR3 are not well *** we analyze sequences of Bos taurus antibody VH domains and find that the subset with ultralong CDR3 exclusively uses a single variable gene,IGHV1-7(VHBUL)rearranged to the longest diversity gene,*** eight nucleotide duplication at the 3′end of IGHV1-7 encodes a longer V-region producing an extended fβ-strand that contributes to the stalk in a rearranged CDR3.A low amino acid variability was observed in CDR1 and CDR2,suggesting that antigen binding for this subset most likely only depends on the *** a novel,potentially AID mediated,deletional diversification mechanism of the *** VH ultralong CDR3 knob was discovered,in which interior codons of the IGHD8-2 region are removed while maintaining integral structural components of the knob and descending strand of the stalk in *** deletions serve to further diversify cysteine positions,and thus disulfide bonded ***,both germline and somatic genetic factors and processes appear to be involved in diversification of this structurally unusual cattle VH ultralong CDR3 repertoire.

关键词： bovine complementarity determining region 3 repertoire diversification deletions immunoglobulin heavy chain

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ANTI-TUMOR RESPONSES INDUCED BY LASER IRRADIATION AND IMMUNOLOGICAL STIMULATION USING A MOUSE MAMMARY TUMOR MODEL

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2013年第4期6卷 49-55页

作者： fEIfAN ZHOU XIAOSONG LI SHENG SONG JOSEPH T.ACQUAVIVA III ROMAN f.WOLf ERIC W.HOWARD WEI R.CHEN MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science&Institute of Laser Life Science South China Normal University Guangzhou P.R.China Department of Oncology The first A±liated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100048 P.R.China Department of Engineering and Physics University of Central Oklahoma Edmond OklahomaUSA Department of Comparative Medicine College of Medicine University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center 940 S.L.Young Blvd.Oklahoma City OklahomaUSA Department of Cell Biology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center 940 S.L.Young Blvd. Oklahoma City OklahomaUSA

Anti-tunor immunological response induced by local intervention is ideal for treatment of metastatic *** immunot herapy was developed to synergize photot hermal interaction with immunological stimulation for cancer *** an infrared laser,indocyanine green(ICG,as a light abeorbing agent),and glycated chitosan(GC,as an immunostimulant),.laser imm unot herapy has resulted in tumor suppression and anti-tumor responses in pre-clinical as well as clinical *** further understand the mechanism of laser immunotherapy,the efects of laser and GC treatment without specifc enhancement of laser absorption were *** adoptive immunity transfer was perfomed using splenocytes as immune *** cells harvested from tumor-bearing mice treated by laser+GC provided 60%immunity in naive ***,cytotoxicity and TNf-ar secretion by splenocytes from treated mice also indicated that laser+GC induced immunity was *** high level of infiltrating T cells in tumors after laser+GC treatment furt her confirned a specific anti-tumor immune ***,laser+GC could prove to be a promisi ng selective local trea tment modality that induces a systemic anti-tumor response,with appropriate laser parameters and GC doses.

关键词： Laser immunotherapy glycated chitosan anti-tumor immunity metastatic cancers

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