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Bigger or long-winged male common crossbills exhibit redder carotenoid-based plumage coloration

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Current Zoology 2023年第2期69卷 165-172页

作者： Blanca Fernandez-Eslava Daniel alonso David Galicia Juan Arizaga carlos alonso-Alvarez Biologia Ambiental Universidad de NavarraFacultad de CienciasC/Irunlarrea1 Pamplona31008 NavarraSpain Ornitologia Sociedad de Ciencias de AranzadiZorroagagaina 1120014 DonostiaSan SebastianSpain Ecologia Evolutiva Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales(CSiC)Edificio Pinar 2528006 MadridSpain

Carotenoid-based ornaments are often considered reliable(honest)individual condition signals because their expression implies physiological costs unaffordable for low-quality animals(handicap signals).Recently,it has been suggested that efficient cell respiration is mandatory for producing red ketocarotenoids from dietary yellow *** implies that red colorations should be entirely unfalsifiable and independent of expression costs(index signals).In a precedent study,male common crossbills,Loxia curvirostra,showing a red plumage reported higher apparent survival than those showing yellowish-orange *** plumage redness in this species is due to ketocarotenoid accumulation in ***,we correlated the male plumage redness(a 4-level visual score:yellow,patchy,orange,and red)and the body morphology in more than 1,ooo adult crossbills captured in 3 Iberian localities to infer the mechanisms responsible for color evolution.A principal component analysis summarized morphometry of 10 variables(beak,wing,tarsus length,etc.).The overall body size(PC1)and the length of flight feathers regarding body size(Pc3)showed significant positive relationships with plumage *** redness was barely correlated with bill shape measures,suggesting no constraint in acquiring carotenoids from pine ***,large body sizes or proportionally long flying feathers could help carotenoid acquisition via social competition or increased foraging *** longer flight feathers might also be associated with a specific cell respiration profile that would simultaneously favor flying capacities and enzymatic transformations needed for ketocarotenoid *** a phenotypic profile would agree with the hypothesis of ketocarotenoid-based colors acting as individual quality index signals.

关键词： avian carotenoids color and biometrics Loxia genus Mediterranean crossbills resource allocation trade-offs shared pathway hypothesis

MODELING HEADCUT DEVELOPMENT AND MIGRATION IN UPLAND CONCENTRATED FLOWS

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2005年第4期20卷 281-294页

作者： Sean J. BENNETT carlos V. alonso Department of Geography University at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14261-0055 USA USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory P.O. Box 1157 Oxford MS 38655

On hillslopes and agricultural fields, discrete areas of intense, localized soil erosion commonly take place in the form of migrating headcuts. These erosional features significantly increase soil loss and landscape degradation, yet the unsteady, transient, and migratory habits of headcuts complicate their phenomenological and erosional characterization. Here a unique experimental facility was constructed to examine actively migrating headcuts typical of upland concentrated flows. Essential components of the facility include a deep soil cavity with external drainage, rainfall simulator, capacity for overland flow, and a video recording technique for data collection. Results from these experiments show that: (1) after a short period of adjustment, headcut migration attained a steady-state condition, where the rate of migration, scour hole geometry, and sediment discharge remain constant with time; (2) boundary conditions of higher rates of overland flow, steeper bed slopes, and larger initial headcut heights produced systematically larger scour holes with higher rates of soil erosion; and (3) during migration, the turbulent flow structure within the scour hole remained unchanged, consisting of an overfall nappe at the brink transitioning into a reattached wall jet with two recirculation eddies within the plunge pool. The systematic behavior of headcut development and migration enabled the application of modified jet impingement theory to predict with good success the characteristics of the impinging jet, the depth of maximum scour, the rate of headcut migration, and the rate of sediment erosion. These laboratory data and the analytical formulation can be used in conjunction with soil erosion prediction technology to improve the management of agricultural areas impacted by headcut development and ephemeral gully erosion.

关键词： Soil erosion Headcuts Rills Gullies Jet impingement

Yetter–Drinfeld Modules over Weak Braided Hopf Monoids and Center Categories

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2014年第4期30卷 567-590页

作者： Jos Nicanor alonso LVAREZ Ramón GONZLEZ RODRIGUEZ carlos SONEIRA CALVO Departamento de Matemticas Universidad de VigoCampus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende Departamento de Matema'tica Aplicada II Universidad de VigoCampus Universitario Lagoas-Marcosende Departamento de Pedagoxía e Didctica Universidade da CoruaCampus Universitario de Elvia

In this paper, we introduce several centralizer constructions in a monoidal context and establish a monoidal equivalence with the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over a weak braided Hopf monoid. We apply the gener... 详细信息

关键词： Weak (braided) Hopf monoid Yetter-Drinfeld module center

Multiphase modeling of fluid dynamic in ladle steel operations under non-isothermal conditions

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2017年第9期24卷 888-900页

作者： H.Gonzalez J.A.ramos-Banderas E.Torres-alonso G.Solorio-Diaz C.A.Hernández-Bocanegra Graduate Program in Metallurgy Morelia Technological Institute(ITM)Morelia Michoacdn 58120Mexico Graduate Program in Engineering Mechanical UMSNHMorelia Michoacdn 58140Mexico CATEDRAS CONACyT Benito JuarezCDMX 03940Mexico

A numerical simulation was performed to study the flow pattern,mixing time and open-eye slag produced by argon gas injection in an industrial scale steel ladle under non-isothermal *** liquid steel remains 5min before the injection,and thermal stratification and convective flows were *** different sequences in stages employing various argon-gas flow rates were *** the first case,a sequence with the highest flow rates of argon was applied,while in the second and the third sequences,the intermediate and the lowest flow rates of argon gas were used,*** determining the chemistry homogenization,the mixing time was computed and analyzed in all three *** was found that the cold steel is located near the walls while the steel with a high temperature is accumulated in the center of the ladle above the argon-gas *** higher and lower flows promote a faster chemistry homogenization owing to the secondary recirculations that are developed closer to the *** results from steel temperature drop show a good concordance with plant trial measurements.

关键词： Thermal stratification Mixing time Open-eye slag Ladle steelmaking Multiphase modeling

Modelling the probability of erroneous negative lymph node staging in patients with colon cancer

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Cancer Communications 2019年第1期39卷 293-302页

作者： carlos Fortea-Sanchis Erica Forcadell-Comes David Martínez-ramos Javier Escrig-Sos Division of Colorectal Surgery Department of SurgeryConsorci Hospitalari Provincial de CastellóCastellóSpain Oropesa Health Center Carrer de Torreblanca1412594 OropesaCastellóSpain Department of Surgery Hospital General de CastellóCastellóSpain

Background:Patients in who with insufficient number of analysed lymph nodes(LNs)are more likely to receive an incorrect LN *** ability to calculate the overall probability of undiagnosed LN involvement errors in these patients could be very useful for approximating the real patient prognosis and for giving possible indications for adjuvant *** objective of this work was to establish the predictive capacity and prognostic discriminative ability of the final error probability(FEP)among patients with colon cancer and with a potentially incorrectly-staged LN-negative ***:This was a retrospective multicentric population study carried out between January 2004 and December *** used a mathematical model based on Bayes’theorem to calculate the probability of LN involvement given a FEP test *** sum graphs were used to calculate risk groups and the survival rates were calculated,by month,using the Kaplan-Meier ***:A total of 548 patients were analysed and classified into three risk groups according to their FEP score:low-risk(FEP15%).Patients with LN involvement had the lowest overall survival rate when compared to the three risk *** difference was statistically significant for the low-and intermediate-risk groups(P=0.002 and P=0.004,respectively),but high-risk group presented similar survival curves to pN+group(P=0.505).In terms of disease-free survival,the high-risk group presented similar curves to the intermediate-risk group until approximately 60 months’follow-up(P=0.906).After 80 months’follow-up,the curve of high-risk group coincided with that of the pN+group(P=0.172).Finally,we summarized the FEP according to the number of analysed LNs and accompanied by a contour plot which represents its calculation ***:The application of Bayes’theorem in the calculation of FEP is useful to delimit risk subgroups from among patients without LN i

关键词： Colon cancer Lymph node staging Bayes’theorem Final error probability Prognosis

Native and exotic seed dispersal by the stone marten(Martes foina):implications for the regeneration of a relict climactic forest in central Portugal

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第3期14卷 280-292页

作者： Lúcia PEREIRA Ana VASQUES Paula MAIA Maria João ramos PEREIRA carlos FONSECA Milena MATOS CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies-Wildlife Research Unit Department of BiologyUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies-Department of Environment and Planning University of AveiroAveiroPortugal Erasmus University College Life Sciences DepartmentRotterdamthe Netherlands Institute of Biosciences PPGBANDepartment of ZoologyUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBrazil BioLiving Association FrossosAlbergaria-a-VelhaPortugal

The stone marten(Martes foina)is a carnivorous mammal that often consumes fleshy fruits,thus potentially promoting seed *** present study was developed in Bussaco National Forest,central Portugal,and aimed to assess the potential role of the stone marten in dispersing native and exotic plants in different forest landscape *** from stone marten scats and fleshy fruits were collected monthly and were thereafter identified and sowed in a nursery,following a randomized experimental *** emergence was monitored *** linear models were used to test for differences in time and success of emergence between seeds from scats and fruits of 3 native species(Rubus ulmifolius,Arbutus unedo and Celtis australis)and 1 exotic plant species with invasive behavior(Prunus laurocerasus).Fruit consumption by the stone martens significantly increased and accelerated the germination of the native *** but had no effect on the other 2 native species or on the invasive *** suggested that stone martens contribute to gene flow and forest regeneration by dispersing native plant ***,although the germination was not enhanced in the invasive species,the preference of stone martens for these fruits may potentially contribute to the proliferation of *** study represents a contribution to better understanding the fauna and flora interactions,enabling for a more conscious and effective decision-making in forest management.

关键词： germination invasive species Martes foina Prunus laurocerasus relict climactic forest

Obtaining morphometric variables from gullies using two methods of interpolation laser scanner data:the case study of Vassouras,Brazil

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第12期17卷 3012-3023页

作者： OLIVEIRA carlos Magno Moreira de FRANCELINO Márcio Rocha MENDONCA Bruno Araujo Furtado de ramos Isabela Queiroz Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais-Campus Arinos Rodovia MG 202Km 407 s/nZona RuralArinos-MG38680-000Brazil Departamento de Solos Universidade Federal de VigosaAv.Peter Henry Rolfss/n-Campus UniversitarioViqosa-MG36570-900Brazil Departamento de Silvicultura Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroBR 465 Km 07Seropedica-RJ23890-000Brazil Instituto do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Hidricos do Distrito Federal SEPN 511Bloco C70750-543BrasiliaDFBrazil

Gully erosion is a worldwide problem of land degradation and water quality,and it is also frequent in ***,anthropic influence is the major driver of gully *** study and monitor gullies it is necessary to use specific instruments and methods to obtain accurate *** objective of this study was to use Terrestrial Laser Scanning(TLS) to create digital elevation model(DEM) accurately and define morphometric variables that characterize gullies in a mountainous *** different interpolations were evaluated using the Topogrid and GridSurfaceCreate algorithms to elaborate *** profile for gullies was used to assess modeling *** DEM of the Gully 1(G1) from the Topogrid algorithm estimated soil loss of 49%,whereas the GridSurfaceCreate algorithm estimated a soil loss of97%,in a period of 1 *** estimated soil loss for the Gully 2(G2) was 14% from the Topogrid,and 8%from the GridSurfaceCreate *** GridSurfaceCreate algorithm underestimated the volume to area ratio for G2 due to a failure on interpolating a region of low point *** Topogrid algorithm represented better the terrain irregularities,as observed through the topographic profiles traced in three regions of G1 and *** analysis showed that the GridSurfaceCreate algorithm presented lower accuracy in estimating *** underestimation trend of this algorithm was also observed in *** gullies showed considerable soil losses,which may reduce the areas suitable for agricultural activities,and silting up of water *** Topogrid algorithm presented satisfactory results,denoting great potential to produce morphometric data of gullies.

关键词： Erosion process Interpolation algorithms Spatial statistics Digital Elevation Model Topographic profile

Estimation of optimum sample size allocation:An illustration with body mass index for evaluating the effect of a dietetic supplement

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2019年第8期12卷 75-86页

作者： carlos N.Bouza-Herrera Sira M.Allende-alonso Gajendra K.Vishwakarma Neha Singh Departamento de Matemdtica Aplicada Universidad de La Habana Cuba Department of Mathematics and Computing Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad India

In many medical researches,it is needed to determine the optimal sample size allocation in a heterogeneous *** paper proposes the algorithm for optimal sample size *** consider the optimal allocation problem as an optimization problem and the solution is obtained by using Bisection,Secant,Regula-Falsi and other numerical *** performance of the algorithm for different numerical methods are analyzed and evaluated in terms of computing time,number of iterations and gain in accuracy using *** efficacy of algorithm is evaluated for the response in terms of body mass index(BMI)to the dietetic supplement with diabetes mellitus,HIV/AIDS and cancer post-operatory recovery patients.

关键词： Optimal sample allocation Body Mass Index diabetes HIV/AIDS cancer

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function during perinatal depression

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第3期31卷 338-350页

作者： Phillipe Leff Gelman Mónica Flores-ramos Margarita López-Martínez carlos Cruz Fuentes Juan Pablo Reyes Grajeda National Institute of Perinatology Mexico City National Council of Sciences and Technology (CONACy T) Mexico City National Institute of Psychiatry Mexico City National Institute of Genomic Medicine Mexico City

Abnormal function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis is an important pathological finding in pregnant women exhibiting major depressive disorder. They show high levels of cortisol pro- inflammatory cytokines, hypothalamic-pituitary peptide hormones and catecholamines, along with low dehydroepiandrosterone levels in plasma. During pregnancy, the TH2 balance together with the immune system and placental factors play crucial roles in the development of the fetal allograft to full term. These factors, when altered, may generate a persistent dysfunction of the HPA axis that may lead to an overt transfer of cortisol and toxicity to the fetus at the expense of reduced activity of placental 1113-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. Epigenetic modifications also may contribute to the dysregulation of the HPA axis. Affective disorders in pregnant women should be taken seriously, and therapies focused on preventing the deleterious effects of stressors should be implemented to promote the welfare of both mother and baby.

关键词： brain depression neuroendocrine pregnancy stress glucocorticoids