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Systematic Acupuncture Explains Acupuncture at Baihui(GV20) and Fengchi(GB20) Targeting the Inflammatory Response to Regulate Migraine

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2025年

作者： MIN Yu ZHENG Meifeng SUN Ju PENG Zetong cao zhixian HUANG Xiaohua Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation， Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Department of Rehabilitation Medicine， the Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University

Objective: To take Baihui (GV20) and Fengchi (GB20) targeting inflammatory response to regulate migraine as an example to describe a new method for studying the mechanism of stimulating ***: The target information of Baihui (GV20) and Fengchi (GB20) was retrieved， and after intersection with migraine， Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)， Reactome， and UniProt Keywords were used for functional enrichment. After selecting the main pathway， rats were selected and nitroglycerin was used for modeling， and the behavioral scores， inflammatory factors， heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1)， protein kinase B (AKT1)， signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)， phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (P-ERK1/ERK2) and other states of the rats in the acupuncture， twisting， and electroacupuncture groups were ***: A total of 135 Baihui (GV20) targets and 27 Fengchi (GB20) targets were collected. A total of 73 target information were obtained after the intersection of these targets in migraine. These 73 targets have three main pathways: hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway， signaling by interleukins and inflammatory response. The main targets in the pathway were verified and found that interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)， interleukin-6 (IL-6)， tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and HMOX1， AKT1， STAT3， P-ERK1/ERK2 can be regulated by Baihui (GV20) and Fengchi (GB20).Conclusion: Baihui (GV20) and Fengchi (GB20) can regulate migraine by regulating inflammatory factors and HMOX1， AKT1， STAT3， P-ERK1/ERK2 and other changes in HIF-1 signaling pathway， Signaling by Interleukins and Inflammatory response pathways. Based on systems biology and network pharmacology， and with the model of "acupoint-target-disease"， explore the research methods of systematic acupuncture and moxibustion. We believe this is a usable research direction for exploring the mechanism of acupuncture stimulation.

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An improved formula for incipient sediment motion in vegetated open channel flows

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第1期37卷 47-53页

作者： Xiang Wang Wenxin Huai zhixian cao State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University

Quantifying incipient sediment motion in vegetated open channel flow is pivotal for estimating bed load transport and the aquatic ecological environment in rivers.A new formula is developed to predict the critical flow velocity for incipient sediment motion in the presence of emergent vegetation,by incorporating the influence of vegetation drag that characterizes the effects of mean flow and turbulence on sediment *** proposed formula is shown to agree with existing experimental ***,the proposed formula is extended to scenarios with submerged vegetation,suggesting that the vegetation drag may be the inherent impact factor for incipient sediment motion in vegetated open channel flow.

关键词： Incipient sediment motion Vegetation drag Critical flow velocity

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Coupled modeling of rainfall-induced floods and sediment transport at the catchment scale

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第6期37卷 715-728页

作者： Ronglan Huang Yufang Ni zhixian cao State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University

Rainfall-induced floods may trigger intense sediment transport on erodible catchments, especially on the Loess Plateau in China, which in turn modifies the floods. However, the role of sediment transport in modifying floods has to date remained poorly understood. Concurrently, traditional hydrodynamic models for rainfall-induced floods typically ignore sediment transport, which may lead to inaccurate results for highly erodible catchments. Here, a two-dimensional(2 D) coupled shallow water hydro-sedimentmorphodynamic(SHSM) model, based on the Finite Volume Method on unstructured meshes and parallel computing, is proposed and applied to simulate rainfall-induced floods in the Zhidan catchment on the Loess Plateau, Shaanxi Province, China. For six historical floods of return periods up to 2 years, the numerical results compare well with observations of discharge hydrographs at the catchment outlet. The computed runoff-sediment yield relation is quantitatively reasonable as compared with other catchments under similar geographical conditions. It is revealed that neglecting sediment transport leads to underestimation of peak discharge of the flood by 14%-45%, whilst its effect on the timing of the peak discharge varies for different flood events. For 18 design floods with return periods of 10-500 years, sediment transport may lead to higher peak discharge by around 9%-15%. The temporal pattern of concentrated rainfall in a short period may lead to a larger exponent value of the power function for the runoff-sediment yield relation. The current finding leads us to propose that incorporating sediment transport in rainfallinduced flood modeling is warranted. The SHSM model is applicable to flood and sediment modeling at the catchment scale in support of risk management and water and soil management.

关键词： Catchment Floods Hydro-sediment-morphodynamic modeling Sediment transport Soil erosion

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Two-dimensional coupled mathematical modeling of fluvial processes with intense sediment transport and rapid bed evolution

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第9期51卷 1427-1438页

作者： YUE ZhiYuan cao zhixian LI Xin CHE Tao State Key Laboratory of Water Resources&Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Cold&Arid Regions Environmental&Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Alluvial rivers may experience intense sediment transport and rapid bed evolution under a high flow regime,for which traditional decoupled mathematical river mod-els based on simplified conservation equations are not applicable. A two-dimen-sional coupled mathematical model is presented,which is generally applicable to the fluvial processes with either intense or weak sediment transport. The governing equations of the model comprise the complete shallow water hydrodynamic equa-tions closed with Manning roughness for boundary resistance and empirical rela-tionships for sediment exchange with the erodible bed. The second-order Total-Variation-Diminishing version of the Weighted-Average-Flux method,along with the HLLC approximate Riemann Solver,is adapted to solve the governing equations,which can properly resolve shock waves and contact discontinuities. The model is applied to the pilot study of the flooding due to a sudden outburst of a real glacial-lake.

关键词： alluvial river flooding coupled mathematical modeling sediment transport glacier-lake outburst flood

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Coupled flood and sediment transport modelling with adaptive mesh refinement

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2015年第8期58卷 1425-1438页

作者： HUANG Wei cao zhixian PENDER Gareth LIU QingQuan CARLING Paul State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Institute for Infrastructure and Environment Heriot-Watt University Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Geography & Environment University of Southampton

Coupled flood and sediment transport modelling in large-scale domains has for long been hindered by the high computational *** mesh refinement is one of the viable ways to solving this problem without degrading the *** goal can be accomplished through mesh adaptation,e.g.,mesh coarsening and refining based on the dynamic regime of the flow and sediment transport along with bed ***,previous studies in this regard have been limited to cases either without involving sediment transport or featuring flow-sediment-bed decoupling and the assumption of sediment transport capacity,which are not generally ***,a coupled hydrodynamic and non-capacity sediment transport model is developed on adaptive non-uniform rectangular *** proposed model is validated against experimental tests and numerical results based on the fixed *** is demonstrated that the proposed model can properly capture shock waves,resolve the wetting/drying transition and reproduce morphological *** with models based on the fixed meshes,the proposed model features great advantage in computational efficiency and holds promise for wide applications.

关键词： shallow water flow sediment transport adaptive mesh

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A two-dimensional double layer-averaged model of hyperconcentrated turbidity currents with non-Newtonian rheology

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第6期38卷 794-810页

作者： Yining Sun Ji Li zhixian cao Alistair George Liam Borthwick State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan University Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringSwansea University Institute for Infrastructure and Environment University of Edinburgh School of Engineering Computing and MathematicsUniversity of Plymouth

Hyperconcentrated turbidity currents typically display non-Newtonian characteristics that influence sediment transport and morphological evolution in alluvial ***,hydro-sedimentmorphological processes involving hyperconcentrated turbidity currents are poorly understood,with little known about the effect of the non-Newtonian *** current paper extends a recent twodimensional double layer-averaged model to incorporate non-Newtonian constitutive *** extended model is benchmarked against experimental and numerical data for cases including subaerial mud flow,subaqueous debris flow,and reservoir turbidity *** computational results agree well with observations for the subaerial mud flow and independent numerical simulations of subaqueous debris *** between the non-Newtonian and Newtonian model results become more pronounced in terms of propagation distance and sediment transport rate as sediment concentration *** model is then applied to turbidity currents in the Guxian Reservoir planned for middle Yellow River,China,which connects to a tributary featuring hyperconcentrated sediment-laden *** non-Newtonian model predicts slower propagation of turbidity currents and more significant bed aggradation at the confluence between the tributary Wuding River and the Yellow River in the reservoir than its Newtonian *** difference in model performance could be of considerable importance when optimizing reservoir operation schemes.

关键词： Double layer-averaged model Non-Newtonian rheology Mud flow Reservoir turbidity current Yellow River

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Graded and uniform bed load sediment transport in a degrading channel

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2016年第4期31卷 376-385页

作者： Zhijing Li zhixian cao Huaihan Liu Gareth Pender State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute School of the Built Environment Heriot-Watt University Yangtze River Waterway Bureau

Twenty runs of experiments are carried out to investigate non-equilibrium transport of graded and uniform bed load sediment in a degrading ***-sorted gravel and sand are employed to compose four kinds of sediment beds with different gravel/sand contents,i.e.,uniform 100%gravel bed,uniform 100%sand bed,and two graded sediment beds respectively with 53%gravel and 47%sand as well as 22%gravel and 78%*** different sediment beds,the experiments are conducted under the same discharges,thereby allowing for the role of sediment composition in dictating the bed load transport rate to be identified.A new observed dataset is generated concerning the flow,sediment transport and evolution of bed elevation and composition,which can be exploited to underpin developments of mathematical river *** data shows that in a degrading channel,the sand greatly promotes the transport of gravel,whilst the gravel considerably hinders the transport of *** promoting and hindering effects are evaluated by means of impact factors defined based on sediment transport *** impact factors are shown to vary with flow discharge by orders of magnitude,being most pronounced at the lowest *** is characterized that variations in sand or gravel inputs as a result of human activities and climate change may lead to severe morphological changes in degrading channels.

关键词： Sediment transport Bed load Gravel Sand Promoting Hindering

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A 2D well-balanced, coupled model of water flow, sediment transport,and bed evolution based on unstructured grids with efficient variable storage strategy

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第1期36卷 151-160页

作者： Zhiyuan Yue Qingquan Liu Wei Huang Peng Hu zhixian cao Department of Mechanics Beijing Institute of Technology Changjiang Survey Planning Design and Research Co. Ltd (CSPDR) Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Department of Ocean Engineering Ocean College Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University

In recent decades,a few Godunov-type,finite volume two-dimensional(2 D) unstructured grid,coupled flow,and sediment models(GF2 DUCM) have been developed for flows over erodible *** kinds of models are generally analyzed as a Vertex Model(VM) that define topography at the cell vertex,which can lead to the non-conservation of mass regarding flow,sediment,and bed ***,a full cellcantered variable storage method(Central Model or CM) is applied as the solution of the GF2 *** this method,terrain elevation is defined at the cell centroids;this accurately describes the physical relations between the water depth and topography *** approach can fully eliminate calculation errors in topography deformation at local cells caused by the interpolation of topography deformation at the cell vertex,and reduced uncertainty in the computation of the GF2 *** model performance is systematically tested using a series of laboratory experiments,which demonstrate the mass conservation feature and high accuracy in reproducing hydrodynamic and morphological processes.

关键词： Two-dimensional coupled model Well-conserved Unstructured grids Finite-volume algorithm Erodible bed Central model

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A depth-averaged two-phase model for debris flows over fixed beds

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2018年第4期33卷 462-477页

作者： Ji Li zhixian cao Kaiheng Hu Gareth Pender Qingquan Liu State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Infrastructure and Environment.Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh Campus Department of Mechanics Beijing Institute of Technology

A depth-averaged two-phase model is proposed for debris flows over fixed beds, explicitly incorporating interphase and particle-particle interactions, fluid and solid fluctuations and multi grain sizes. A firstorder model based on the kinetic theory of granular flows is employed to determine the stresses due to solid fluctuations, while the turbulent kinetic energy-dissipation rate model is used to determine the stresses from fluid fluctuations. A well-balanced numerical algorithm is applied to solve the governing equations. The present model is benchmarked against USGS experimental debris flows over fixed *** the stresses due to fluid and solid fluctuations and properly estimating the bed shear stresses are shown to be crucial for reproducing the debris flows. Longitudinal particle segregation is resolved, demonstrating coarser sediments around the fronts and finer grains trailing the head. Based on extended modeling exercises, debris flow efficiency is shown to increase with initial volume, which is underpinned by observed datasets.

关键词： Debris flow Two-phase model Depth-averaged model Fluctuation kinetic energy Multi grain sizes

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Well-balanced numerical modelling of non-uniform sediment transport in alluvial rivers

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2015年第2期30卷 117-130页

作者： Honglu Qian zhixian cao Gareth Pender Huaihan Liu Peng Hu State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Institute for Infrastructure and Environment Heriot-Watt University Yangtze River Waterway Bureau School of Ocean Science and Engineering Zhejiang University

The last two decades have witnessed the development and application of well-balanced numerical models for shallow flows in natural ***,until now there have been no such models for flows with non-uniform sediment *** paper presents a 1D well-balanced model to simulate flows and non-capacity transport of non-uniform sediment in alluvial *** active layer formulation is adopted to resolve the change of bed sediment *** the framework of the finite volume Slope Llmiter Centred(SLIC) scheme,a surface gradient method is incorporated to attain well-balanced solutions to the governing *** proposed model is tested against typical cases with irregular topography,including the refilling of dredged trenches,aggradation due to sediment overloading and flood flow due to landslide dam *** agreement between the computed results and measured data is *** to a non-well-balanced model,the well-balanced model features improved performance in reproducing stage,velocity and bed *** should find general applications for non-uniform sediment transport modelling in alluvial rivers,especially in mountain areas where the bed topography is mostly irregular.

关键词： Non-uniform:sediment transport Well-balanced scheme Irregular topography Shallow flow Mathematical river modelling

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