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Prevotella and succinate treatments altered gut microbiota,increased laying performance,and suppressed hepatic lipid accumulation in laying hens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 844-861页

作者： Min Liu Zeyue kang Xikang cao Hongchao Jiao Xiaojuan Wang Jingpeng Zhao Hai Lin College of Animal Science and Technology Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and PreventionKey Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non‑Grain Feed Resources(Co‑Construction by Ministry and Province)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China

Background This work aimed to investigate the potential benefits of administering Prevotella and its primary metabolite succinate on performance,hepatic lipid accumulation and gut microbiota in laying hens.Results One hundred and fifty 58-week-old Hyline Brown laying hens,with laying rate below 80%and plasma triglyceride(TG)exceeding 5 mmol/L,were used in this study.The hens were randomly allocated into 5 groups and subjected to one of the following treatments:fed with a basal diet(negative control,NC),oral gavage of 3 mL/hen saline every other day(positive control,PC),gavage of 3 mL/hen Prevotella melaninogenica(10^(7)CFU/mL,PM)or 3 mL/hen Prevotella copri(10^(7)CFU/mL,P.copri)every other day,and basal diet supplemented with 0.25%sodium succinate(Succinate).The results showed that PM and P.copri treatments significantly improved laying rate compared to the PC(Pdingly,the plasma TG level in Succinate group was lower than that of PC(P0.05).PM treatment increased(Pdicated enhanced antioxidant activities at week 8,as evidenced by reduced hepatic malondialdehyde(MDA)level and improved antioxidant enzymes activities in PM and Succinate groups(Pdietary supplementation of succinate can ameliorate lipid metabolism of laying hens.The beneficial effect of Prevotella is consistent across different species.The finding highlights that succinate,the primary metabolite of Prevotella,represents a more feasible feed

关键词： Fatty liver Gut microbiota Laying hen Prevotella Succinate

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Spatial heterogeneity and compositional profiles of dissolved organic matter in farmland soils across China' Mainland

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 593-603页

作者： Bingjun Han Liyuan Chen kang Xiao Yang Liu Dong cao Lu Yu Yujun Li Shu Tao Wenxin Liu Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

dissolved organic matter(DOM) plays an essential role in many geochemical processes,however its complexity, chemical diversity, and molecular composition are poorly understood. Soil samples were collected from 500 vegetable fields in administrative regions of China' Mainland, of which 122 were selected for further investigation. DOM properties were characterized by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix(3D-EEM) fuorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FTICRMS)(field intensity is 15 Tesla). Our results indicated that the main constituents were UVA humic-like substances, humic-like substances, fulvic acid-like substances, and tyrosine-like substances. A total of 10,989 molecular formulae with a mass range of 100.04 to 799.59 Da were detected, covering the mass spectrometric information of the soil samples from 27 different regions. CHO and CHON molecules were dominant in DOM, whereas lignin, tannins,and aromatic substances served as the main components. The results of cluster analysis revealed that the soil properties in Jiangxi Province were considerably different from those in other regions. The key backgrounds of the DOM molecular characteristics in the vegetablefield soil samples across China' Mainland were provided at the molecular level, with large abundance and great variability.

关键词： dissolved organic matter(DOM) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass(FTICR-MS) Excitation-emission matrix(EEM) Vegetable-field soils China' Mainland

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Simple method for transformation and gene editing in medicinal plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 17-19页

作者： Xuesong cao Hongtao Xie Minglei Song Lianghui Zhao Hailiang Liu Guofu Li Jian‐kang Zhu Institute of Advanced Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Bellagen Biotechnology Co.Ltd. Jinan 250000China Institute for Regenerative Medicine Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200123China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies Nanfan Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024China

Gene-editing technologies have ushered in a significant advancement in plant genetics research and molecular breeding.However,a critical challenge hindering the widespread adoption of these technologies is the efficient delivery of gene-editing tools.The predominant methods for introducing these tools into plants typically involve Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation or particle bombardment(Mao et al.,2019).Unfortunately,these traditional gene delivery methods require delicate and timeconsuming tissue culture procedures and show limited success,especially in medicinal and other less studied plants.A recent breakthrough is the development of the Cut-dip-Budding(CDB)gene delivery system.The CDB system is highly effective for plants with root-suckering capabilities.It allows the delivery of transgenes and gene-editing tools into plants through hairy root induction followed by shoot regeneration from transformed hairy roots,bypassing the need for tissue culture processes(cao et al.,2023).

关键词： transformation culture breakthrough

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Evolutionary Decision-Making and Planning for Autonomous Driving Based on Safe and Rational Exploration and Exploitation

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 108-120页

作者： kang Yuan Yanjun Huang Shuo Yang Zewei Zhou Yulei Wang Dongpu cao Hong Chen College of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji UniversityShanghai 201210China School of Automotive Studies Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China School of Vehicle and Mobility Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Decision-making and motion planning are extremely important in autonomous driving to ensure safe driving in a real-world environment.This study proposes an online evolutionary decision-making and motion planning framework for autonomous driving based on a hybrid data-and model-driven method.First,a data-driven decision-making module based on deep reinforcement learning(DRL)is developed to pursue a rational driving performance as much as possible.Then,model predictive control(MPC)is employed to execute both longitudinal and lateral motion planning tasks.Multiple constraints are defined according to the vehicle’s physical limit to meet the driving task requirements.Finally,two principles of safety and rationality for the self-evolution of autonomous driving are proposed.A motion envelope is established and embedded into a rational exploration and exploitation scheme,which filters out unreasonable experiences by masking unsafe actions so as to collect high-quality training data for the DRL agent.Experiments with a high-fidelity vehicle model and MATLAB/Simulink co-simulation environment are conducted,and the results show that the proposed online-evolution framework is able to generate safer,more rational,and more efficient driving action in a real-world environment.

关键词： Autonomous driving Decision-making Motion planning Deep reinforcement learning Model predictive control

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Targeted G-to-T base editing for generation of novel herbicide-resistance gene alleles in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1048-1051页

作者： Yifu Tian Xinbo Li Jiyong Xie Zai Zheng Rundong Shen Xuesong cao Mugui Wang Chao Dong Jian-kang Zhu Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies (Hainan) Institute of Crop Sciences and National Nanfan Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences The Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Advanced Biotechnology and School of Medicine Southern University of Science and Technology

Deaminase-based cytosine base editors (CBEs) and adenine base editors (ABEs) induce C-to-T and A-to-G transitions, respectively, enabling single-nucleotide variants(SNVs) in plants for research and crop enhancement (Li et al.,2023a). The C-to-G base editors (CGBEs) and A-to-Y base editors (AYBEs), developed by incorporating glycosylases with CBEs and ABEs, expand the repertoire of base editing products, allowing C-to-T/G and A-to-T/G transversions in plants (Li et al., 2023b, 2023c; Sretenovic et a., 2021;

关键词： TOLERANCE

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Breeding exceptionally fragrant soybeans for soy milk with strong aroma

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 642-644页

作者： Hongtao Xie Minglei Song Xuesong cao Qingfeng Niu Jianhua Zhu Shasha Li Xin Wang Xiaomu Niu Jian-kang Zhu Bellagen Biotechnology Co.Ltd. Jinan 250000China Institute of Advanced Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Life Sciences Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China Shandong Normal University Jinan 250000China

Soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr.)is a major source of vegetable protein and oil in human diet and animal nutrition.Soybean seeds have been extensively used in various food products and snacks.Taste quality,particularly the aroma,affects cooking and eating,and ultimately influences consumer preference.Soy milk is particularly popular in China and has been gaining popularity in many other countries in the world.

关键词： exceptional soybean cooking

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Knockout of miR396 genes increases seed size and yield in soybean

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1148-1157页

作者： Hongtao Xie Fei Su Qingfeng Niu Leping Geng Xuesong cao Minglei Song Jinsong Dong Zai Zheng Rui Guo Yang Zhang Yuanwei Deng Zhanbo Ji kang Pang Jian-kang Zhu Jianhua Zhu School of Life Sciences Anhui Agricultural University Research Center for Biological Breeding Technology Research Institute of Frontier Science Anhui Agricultural University Bellagen Biotechnology Co.Ltd Institute of Crop Sciences/National Nanfan Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies (Hainan) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Southern University of Science and Technology Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory

Yield improvement has long been an important task for soybean breeding in the world in order to meet the increasing demand for food and animal feed. mi R396 genes have been shown to negatively regulate grain size in rice,but whether mi R396 family members may function in a similar manner in soybean is unknown. Here, we generated eight soybean mutants harboring different combinations of homozygous mutations in the six soybean mi R396genes through genome editing with clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease(Cas)12SF01 in the elite soybean cultivar Zhonghuang 302(ZH302). Four triple mutants (mir396aci, mir396acd, mir396adf, and mir396cdf), two quadruple mutants(mir396-abcd and mir396acfi), and two quintuple mutants(mir396abcdf and mir396bcdfi) were characterized. We found that plants of all the mir396 mutants produced larger seeds compared to ZH302 plants. Field tests showed that mir396adf and mir396cdf plants have significantly increased yield in growth zones with relatively high latitude which are suited for ZH302 and moderately increased yield in lower latitude. In contrast, mir396abcdf and mir396bcdfiplants have increased plant height and decreased yield in growth zones with relatively high latitude due to lodging issues, but they are suited for low latitude growth zones with increased yield without lodging problems.Taken together, our study demonstrated that loss-of-function of mi R396 genes leads to significantly enlarged seed size and increased yield in soybean, providing valuable germplasms for breeding high-yield soybean.

关键词： Cas12SF01 CRISPR/Cas miR396 seed size soybean yield

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PVDF/6H-SiC composite fiber films with enhanced piezoelectric performance by interfacial engineering for diversified applications

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 238-245页

作者： Linlin Zhou Tao Yang Chunyu Guo kang Wang Enhui Wang Laipan Zhu Hailong Wang Sheng cao Kuo-Chih Chou Xinmei Hou Institute for Carbon Neutrality University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China School of Materials Science Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

Piezoelectric silicon carbide(SiC)has been quite attractive due to its superior chemical and physical properties as well as wide potential applications.However,the inherent brittleness and unsatisfactory piezoelectric response of piezoelectric semiconductors remain the major obstacles to their diversified applications.Here,flexible multifunctional PVDF/6H-SiC composite fiber films are fabricated and utilized to assemble both piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)and stress/temperature/light sensors.The open cir-cuit voltage(V_(oc))and the density of short circuit current(I_(sc))of the PENG based on the PVDF/5 wt%6H-SiC composite fiber films reach 28.94 V and 0.24μA cm^(-2),showing a significant improvement of 240%and 300%compared with that based on the pure PVDF films.The effect of 6H-SiC nanoparticles(NPs)on inducing interfacial polarization and stress concentration in composite fiber films is proved by first-principles calculation and finite element analysis.The stress/temperature/light sensors based on the composite fiber film also show high sensitivity to the corresponding stimuli.This study shows that the PVDF/6H-SiC composite fiber film is a promising candidate for assembling high-performance energy harvesters and diverse sensors.

关键词： 6H-SiC PVDF Multifunctional composite fiber film Energy harvester Stress/temperature/light sensor

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The appearance of cytoplasmic cytochrome C precedes apoptosis during Drosophila salivary gland degradation

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 157-172页

作者： Shihui Long Wenxin cao Yongyu Qiu Ruohan Deng Jiali Liu Lidan Zhang Renke Dong Fengxin Liu Sheng Li Haigang Zhao Na Li kang Li Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology Institute of Insect Science and TechnologySchool of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina Guangmeiyuan R&D Center Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied TechnologySouth China Normal UniversityMeizhouGuangdong ProvinceChina School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina ChemPartner PharmaTech Co. LtdJiangmenGuangdong ProvinceChina

Apoptosis is an important process for organism development that functions to eliminate cell damage,maintain homeostasis,and remove obsolete tissues during morphogenesis.In mammals,apoptosis is accompanied by the release of cytochrome C(Cyt-c)from mitochondria to the cytoplasm.However,whether this process is conserved in the fruit fly,Drosophila melanogaster,remains controversial.In this study,we discovered that during the degradation of Drosophila salivary gland,the transcription of mitochondria apoptosis factors(MAPFs),Cyt-c,and death-associated APAF1-related killer(Dark)encoding genes are all upregulated antecedent to initiator and effector caspases encoding genes.The proteins Cyt-c and the active caspase 3 appear gradually in the cytoplasm during salivary gland degradation.Meanwhile,the Cyt-c protein colocates with mito-GFP,the marker indicating cytoplasmic mitochondria,and the change in mitochondrial membrane potential coincides with the appearance of Cyt-c in the cytoplasm.Moreover,impeding or promoting 20E-induced transcription factor E93 suppresses or enhances the staining of Cyt-c and the active caspase 3 in the cytoplasm of salivary gland,and accordingly decreases or increases the mitochondrial membrane potential,respectively.Our research provides evidence that cytoplasmic Cyt-c appears before apoptosis during Drosophila salivary gland degradation,shedding light on partial conserved mechanism in apoptosis between insects and mammals.

关键词： active caspase 3 apoptosis Cyt-c Drosophila salivary gland

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Treatment of Lung Cancer with Orally Administered Chinese Herbal Medicine: An Evidence Map between 1970–2020

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第10期28卷 930-938页

作者： GUI Yue-rong ZHANG Ying WANG Xue-qian FAN Bing-jie LI Jing-lei ZHANG Lan-xin FAN Fen cao kang-di ZHANG Xiao-gang HOU Wei Department of Oncology Guang'anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing(100053)China Cancer Project Team of China Center for Evidence-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing(100053)China

Objective: Through showing the full picture of double-arm controlled clinical research and systematic review evidence in the field of orally administrated Chinese herbal medicine(CHM) for treatment of lung cancer, to provide a reference for future clinical research and to indicate a direction for future systematic reviews. Methods: A comprehensive search of clinical controlled studies was performed regarding orally administered CHM treatment for lung cancer published from January 1970 to September 2020. The language was restricted to Chinese and English. Relevant data were extracted, the quality of systematic reviews was evaluated, and the research evidence was visually displayed. Results: Randomized controlled trials were the most common type of research design. The research sample sizes were typically small. Oral CHM showed certain curative advantages in treating lung cancer. The key stages in oral CHM intervention for lung cancer are chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and late palliative treatment. The advantageous outcomes of oral CHM treatment of lung cancer are the short-term efficacy, quality of life, and adverse reactions. The perioperative stage, overall survival, pharmacoeconomic evaluation, and Chinese medicine decoctions are weak research areas. Conclusions: CHM has staged and therapeutic advantages in treating lung cancer. The overall methodological quality is poor, and the level of evidence requires improvement. It is necessary to carry out large-scale, standardized, and higherquality research in the superior and weak areas of CHM treatment of lung cancer.

关键词： Chinese medicine clinical study evidence map evidence visualization lung cancer

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