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Recent Advances in the Analytical Techniques for PFASs and Corresponding Intermediates During Their Chemical Decomposition

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2023年第3期39卷 361-369页

作者： LIU Fuyu KANG Tingshuo HAN Bin ZHANG Qingzhe YIN yongguang CAI Yong Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant PreventionSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdaoQingdao266237P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing10085P.R.China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International UniversityMiamiFlorida33199USA

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)have been restricted from production and consumption in many countries due to their persistence and biological toxicity.With the development of removal technologies,the requirement on the detection of different kinds of PFASs and their derivates is increasing.A suitable analytical method is the prerequisite and basis for the study of the degradation of PFASs.As various analytical methods have been reported,questions about which one is more suitable have arisen.It is a right time to summarize the past and suggest the future.In this paper,we summarized and discussed the analytical methods applied in the chemical degradation of PFASs.We also proposed the current problems and discussed the future directions in this field.

关键词： Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substance(PFAS) Analytical technique Decomposition intermediate

Photochemical multicomponent transformation of acceptor-only diazoalkanes by merging their cycloaddition and carbene reactivities

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中国化学快报:英文版 2023年第9期34卷 138-142页

作者： Bao-Gui cai Guo-yong Xu Jun Xuan Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials College of Chemistry&Chemical EngineeringAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of EducationHefei 230601China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

Herein,we report an efficient photochemical method for the synthesis of poly-substituted pyrazoles through a multicomponent reaction of acceptor-only diazoalkanes,alkynes,and solvents(cyclic ethers or nitriles).The key to this success was driven by the photolysis of acceptor-only diazoalkanes to form free carbene species and the fast in situ[3+2]-cycloaddition formation of nucleophilic N–H pyrazole derivatives.This work also serves as an entry to allow future reaction design on the combination of carbene reactivity of diazoalkanes with their other reaction modes.

关键词： Photochemical synthesis Multicomponent reaction Diazoalkanes Carbene Pyrazoles

Hyperactivity of a midbrain dopamine to 5-HT circuit causes anorexia

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2022年第5期14卷 63-64页

作者： Hailan Liu Xing cai Yanlin He yong Xu Department of Pediatrics Children's Nutrition Research CenterBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Brain Glycemic and Metabolism Control Department Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70808USA Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA

Anorexia nervosa(AN)is a severe eating disorder that can eventually lead to death,buteffective the rapiesare missing dueto a lack of knowledge about its pathophysiology.Dopamine(DA)neurons in theventral tegmental area(VTA)and serotonin(5-HT)neurons in the dorsal Raphe nucleus(DRN)play essential roles in the control of eating and have been reported to be as sociated with human AN(Zhou and Palmiter,1995;Xu et al.,2017;Watson et al.,2019;He et al.,2021).

关键词： al. Watson dopamine

The engagement of histone lysine methyltransferases with nucleosomes: structural basis, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic implications

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Protein & Cell 2023年第3期14卷 165-179页

作者： Yanjing Li Kexue Gei Tingting Li Run cai yong Chen State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology National Center for Protein Science ShanghaiShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academyof Sciences320 Yue Yang RoadShanghai 200031China State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing(SCICB)Meilong Road 130Shanghai 200237China

Histone lysine methyltransferases(HKMTs)deposit methyl groups onto lysine residues on histones and play important roles in regulating chromatin structure and gene expression.The structures and functions of HKMTs have been extensively investigated in recent decades,significantly advancing our understanding of the dynamic regulation of histone methylation.Here,we review the recent progress in structural studies of representative HKMTs in complex with nucleosomes(H3K4,H3K27,H3K36,H3K79,and H4K20 methyltransferases),with emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of nucleosome recognition and trans-histone crosstalk by these HKMTs.These structural studies inform HKMTs'roles in tumorigenesis and provide the foundations for developing new therapeutic approachestargetingHKMTs incancers.

关键词： nucleosome cryo-EM structures histone methyltransferases epigenetics histone methylation tumorigenesis

Progress in the study of mercury methylation and demethylation in aquatic environments

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第2期58卷 177-185页

作者： LI YanBin CAI Yong Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Southeast Environmental Research CenterFlorida International University

Mercury(Hg) and its compounds are a class of highly toxic and pervasive pollutants.During the biogeochemical cycling of Hg,methylmercury(MeHg),a potent neurotoxin,can be produced and subsequently bioaccumulated along the food chain in aquatic ecosystems.MeHg is among the most widespread contaminants that pose severe health risks to humans and wildlife.Methylation of inorganic mercury to MeHg and demethylation of MeHg are the two most important processes in the cycling of MeHg,determining the levels of MeHg in aquatic ecosystems.This paper reviews recent progress on the study of Hg methylation and demethylation in aquatic environments,focusing on the following three areas:(1) sites and pathways of Hg methylation and demethylation,(2) bioavailability of Hg species for methylation and demethylation,and(3) application of isotope addition techniques in quantitatively estimating the net production of MeHg.

关键词：去甲基化水生环境甲基汞生物地球化学水生生态系统循环过程生物利用度神经毒素

A Data-Based Feedback Relearning Algorithm for Uncertain Nonlinear Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第5期10卷 1288-1303页

作者： Chaoxu Mu yong Zhang Guangbin cai Ruijun Liu Changyin Sun the School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China the College of Missile Engineering Rocket Force University of EngineeringXi’an 710025China the School of Computer and Information Engineering Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China the School of Automation Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

In this paper,a data-based feedback relearning algorithm is proposed for the robust control problem of uncertain nonlinear systems.Motivated by the classical on-policy and off-policy algorithms of reinforcement learning,the online feedback relearning(FR)algorithm is developed where the collected data includes the influence of disturbance signals.The FR algorithm has better adaptability to environmental changes(such as the control channel disturbances)compared with the off-policy algorithm,and has higher computational efficiency and better convergence performance compared with the on-policy algorithm.Data processing based on experience replay technology is used for great data efficiency and convergence stability.Simulation experiments are presented to illustrate convergence stability,optimality and algorithmic performance of FR algorithm by comparison.

关键词： Data episodes experience replay neural networks reinforcement learning(RL) uncertain systems

Robust Unsupervised Discriminative Dependency Parsing

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2020年第2期25卷 192-202页

作者： yong Jiang Jiong cai Kewei Tu School of Information Science and Technology Shanghai Tech UniversityShanghai 201210China Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Discriminative approaches have shown their effectiveness in unsupervised dependency parsing.However,due to their strong representational power,discriminative approaches tend to quickly converge to poor local optima during unsupervised training.In this paper,we tackle this problem by drawing inspiration from robust deep learning techniques.Specifically,we propose robust unsupervised discriminative dependency parsing,a framework that integrates the concepts of denoising autoencoders and conditional random field autoencoders.Within this framework,we propose two types of sentence corruption mechanisms as well as a posterior regularization method for robust training.We tested our methods on eight languages and the results show that our methods lead to significant improvements over previous work.

关键词： unsupervised learning dependency parsing autoencoders

Structural screening of phosphorus sulfur ternary hydride PSH_(6) with a high-temperature superconductivity at 130 GPa

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Frontiers of physics 2023年第2期18卷 205-211页

作者： Yu-Long Hai He-Jin Yan yong-Qing cai Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Institute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacaoChina

In our study,we constructed a series of inorganic nonmetallic ternary hydrides PSH6 by first-principles structural screening under pressure of 200 GPa.The structural stability under lower pressure are examined.Focusing on the structural stability,electronic and phonon properties,as well as the possible superconducting properties within the framework of Bardeen−Cooper−Schrieffer(BCS)theory,we show that PSH6 with space group possesses a superconducting transition temperature of 146 K at 130 GPa.In the pressure range of 100−200 GPa,our work suggests that the ternary phosphorus-sulfur-hydrogen would act as a promising compositional and elemental space for achieving high-temperature superconductivity.

关键词： phosphoruses sulfur hydrides high-temperature superconductivity low-pressure structural screening

The hypothalamus for whole-body physiology:from metabolism to aging

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Protein & Cell 2022年第6期13卷 394-421页

作者： Tiemin Liu yong Xu Chun-Xia Yi Qingchun Tong Dongsheng cai State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismInstitute of Metabolism and Integrative BiologyHuman Phenome Instituteand Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and DevelopmentZhongshan HospitalSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Children’s Nutrition Research Center Department of PediatricsDepartment of Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of MedicineOne Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Amsterdam University Medical CentersAmsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology MetabolismUniversity of AmsterdamMeibergdreef 91105AZ AmsterdamNetherlands Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine Department of Neurobiology and AnatomyUniversity of Texas McGovern Medical SchoolGraduate Program in Neuroscience of MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Molecular Pharmacology Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkNY 10461USA

Obesity and aging are two important epidemic factors for metabolic syndrome and many other health issues,which contribute to devastating diseases such as cardiovascular diseases,stroke and cancers.The brain plays a central role in controlling metabolic physiology in that it integrates information from other metabolic organs,sends regulatory projections and orchestrates the whole-body function.Emerging studies suggest that brain dysfunction in sensing various internal cues or processing external cues may have profound effects on metabolic and other physiological functions.This review highlights brain dysfunction linked to genetic mutations,sex,brain inflammation,microbiota,stress as causes for whole-body pathophysiology,arguing brain dysfunction as a root cause for the epidemic of aging and obesity-related disorders.We also speculate key issues that need to be addressed on how to reveal relevant brain dysfunction that underlines the development of these disorders and diseases in order to develop new treatment strategies against these health problems.

关键词： neuron metabolism hypothalamus obesity aging