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Populating ^(229m)Th via two-photon electronic bridge mechanism

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第6期32卷 45-53页

作者： Neng-qiang cai Guo-qiang Zhang Chang-Bo Fu Yu-Gang Ma Shanghai Tech University Shanghai 201210China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The isomer ^(229m)Th is the most promising candidate for clocks based on the nuclear transition because it has the lowest excitation energy of only 8.10±0.17 *** experiments and theories have focused on methods of triggering the transition between the ground state and isomeric state,among which the electronic bridge(EB)is one of the most *** this paper,we propose a new electronic bridge mechanism via two-photon excitation based on quantum optics for a two-level nuclear quantum *** long-lived 7 s1/2 electronic shell state of^(229m)Th^(3+),with a lifetime of approximately 0.6 s,is chosen as the initial state and the atomic shells(7 s-10 s)could be achieved as virtual states in a two-photon *** the virtual states return to the initial state 7 s1/2,there is a chance of triggering the nucleus 229Th^(3+),to its isomeric state ^(229m)Th ^(3+),via *** lasers at moderate intensity((10^(10)-10^(14))W/m^(2)),with photon energies near the optical range,are expected to populate the isomer at a saturated rate of approximately 10^(9) s^(-1),which is much higher than that due to other *** believe that this twophoton EB scheme can help in the development of nuclear clocks and deserves verification via a series of experiments with ordinary lasers in laboratories.

关键词： Electronic bridge ^(229)mTh Nuclear clocks Two-photon excitation

Uniform Pricing Strategy vs. Price Differentiation Strategy in the Presence of Cost Saving and Demand Increasing

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2019年第3期32卷 932-946页

作者： cai qiang LUO Chunlin TIAN Xin WANG Shouyang School of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy Sciences Beijing 100190 China School of Information Technology Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics Nanchang 330013 China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Price differentiation or discrimination strategy has been regarded as the best choice for firms with online and offline channels, however, recent years often witnessed the practices of the uniform pricing strategy. This paper aims to address the question whether the uniform pricing strategy may be better for the manufacturer, when the uniform pricing strategy has a positive impact on increasing the ciistomer demand and reducing the operations cost. The research shows that the uniform pricing strategy can be bet ter than the price differentiation strategy when the cost saving and demand increasing are large enough or the consumers' acceptance of online channel lies in a certain interval. Moreover, the manufac tu rers or brand owners need a tradeoff bet ween the benefit from online channel and the negative impact from the offline channel when they implement the price differentiation strategy. Finally, the authors obtain some managerial insights and implications based on the numerical analyses, which are in line with the phenomena in practice.

关键词： Cost saving demand increasing dual-channel price differentiation strategy uniform pricing strategy

Effective methods for isolation and purification of extracellular vesicles from plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第12期63卷 2020-2030页

作者： Yifan Huang Shumei Wang qiang cai Hailing Jin State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice College of Life ScienceWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430072China Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Cell Biology Institute for Integrative Genome BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92507USA

Plant extracellular vesicles(EVs)play critical roles in the cross-kingdom trafficking of molecules from hosts to interacting microbes,most notably in plant defense ***,the isolation of pure,intact EVs from plants remains challenging.A variety of methods have been utilized to isolate plant EVs from apoplastic washing fluid(AWF).Here,we compare published plant EV isolation methods,and provide our recommended method for the isolation and purification of plant *** method includes a detailed protocol for clean AWF collection from Arabidopsis thaliana leaves,followed by EV isolation via differential *** further separate and purify specific subclasses of EVs from heterogeneous vesicle populations,density gradient ultracentrifugation and immunoaffinity capture are then *** found that immunoaffinity capture is the most precise method for specific EV subclass isolation when suitable specific EV biomarkers and their corresponding antibodies are ***,this study provides a guide for the selection and optimization of EV isolation methods for desired downstream applications.

关键词： cell-to-cell communication extracellular vesicles isolation methods plants interacting with pathogens

Screening of plane S waves by an array of rigid piles in poroelastic soil

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2008年第5期9卷 589-599页

作者： Yuan-qiang cai Guang-ya DING Chang-jie XU MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Zhejiang Universiry Hangzhou 310027 China College of Architecture and Civil Engineering Wenzhou University Wenzhou 325035 China

An array of rigid piles used as a screening barrier for plane shear (S) waves is investigated in a homogeneous unbounded space. The dynamic poroelastic theory of Biot is employed, under the assumption of an incompressible solid grain. Using Fourier-Bessel series, the problem of multiple scattering is solved by imposing continuity conditions and equilibrium conditions at the soil-pile interfaces with the translational addition theorem. A parametric analysis is conducted to investigate the influence of the permeability of poroelastic soil, separation between piles, number of piles and frequency of incident waves on screening effectiveness of the barrier, and the results are compared with those in an elastic soil medium. Computed results show that the intrinsic permeability of the soil medium displays an apparent effect on the screening of plane S waves.

关键词： Array of rigid piles Poroelastic soil Theory of Biot Scattering Screening effectiveness

Chinese expert consensus on neoadjuvant and conversion therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第47期27卷 8069-8080页

作者： Hai-Tao Zhao Jian-qiang cai Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijing 100021China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100021China

The low resection and high recurrence rates in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)are the major challenges to improving *** and conversion therapies are underlying strategies to overcome these *** date,no guideline or consensus has been published on the neoadjuvant and conversion therapies in *** studies showed that neoadjuvant therapy for resectable HCC and conversion therapy for unresectable HCC are safe,feasible,and *** and conversion therapies have the following advantages in treating HCC:R0 resection with sufficient volume of future liver remnant,relatively simple operation,and wide ***,it was necessary to conduct a widely accepted consensus among the experts in China who have extensive expertise and experience in treating HCC using neoadjuvant and conversion therapies,which is important to standardize the application of neoadjuvant and conversion therapies for the management of *** strategies of neoadjuvant therapy include the selection of the eligible patients,therapy regimen,cycles,effect evaluations,and multidisciplinary *** management of patients with insufficient volume of future liver remnant and patients who cannot achieve R0 resection is the key to the strategies of conversion ***,we present the resultant evidence-and experience-based consensus to guide the application of neoadjuvant and conversion therapies in clinical practice.

关键词： Consensus Hepatocellular carcinoma Neoadjuvant therapy Conversion therapy

Outcomes of per oral endoscopic pyloromyotomy in gastroparesis worldwide

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第8期25卷 909-922页

作者： Parit Mekaroonkamol Rushikesh Shah qiang cai Division of Digestive Diseases Emory University School of Medicine

Per oral endoscopic pyloromyotomy(POP),also known as gastric per-oral endoscopic myotomy(GPOEM),is a novel procedure with promising potential for the treatment of *** more data emerge and the procedure is becoming more recognized in clinical practice,its safety and efficacy need to be carefully *** patient selection for favorable clinical success prediction after GPOEM also needs additional *** review aims to systemically summarize the existing data on clinical outcomes of *** responses to the procedure,its adverse effects,procedural techniques,and predictive factors of clinical success are also discussed.

关键词： Gastroparesis Per oral endoscopic pyloromyotomy Gastric per-oral endoscopic myotomy Pyloromyotomy Outcomes

Geometry of Motion for Video Shakiness Detection

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2018年第3期33卷 475-486页

作者： Xiao-Qun Wu Hai-Sheng Li Jian Cao qiang cai School of Computer and Information Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China

This paper presents a novel algorithm for automatically detecting global shakiness in casual videos. Per-frame amplitude is computed by the geometry of motion, based on the kinematic model defined by inter-frame geometric transformations. Inspired by motion perception, we investigate the just-noticeable amplitude of shaky motion perceived by the human visual system. Then, we use the thresholding contrast strategy on the statistics of per-frame amplitudes to determine the occurrence of perceived shakiness. For testing the detection accuracy, a dataset of video clips is constructed with manual shakiness label as the ground truth. The experiments demonstrate that our algorithm can obtain good detection accuracy that is in concordance with subjective judgement on the videos in the dataset.

关键词： video shakiness kinematic model motion perception

Gel electrolytes containing several kinds of particles used in quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells

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Rare Metals 2006年第z1期25卷 201-206页

作者： GENG Yi SUN Xiaodan cai qiang SHI Yantao LI Hengde Laboratory of Advanced Materials Department of Materials Science&EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Composite gel electrolytes containing several kinds of particles used as the quasi-solid-state electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs)were *** particles(MCM-41)with unique structures composed of ordered nanochannels were served as a new kind of gelator for quasi-solid-state ***-41,hydrophobic fumed silica Aerosil R972 and TiO_(2)nanopatricles P25 were dispersed into gel electrolytes *** solar energy-to-electricity conversion efficiency of these cells is 4.65%,6.85%and 5.05%respectively under 30 mW·cm^(-2)*** preparation methods and the particles sizes exert an influence on the performance of corresponding solar *** to unique pore structures and high specific BET surface area,mesoporous silica MCM-41 was expected to have the potential to afford conducting nanochannels for redox couple diffusion.

关键词： dye-sensitized solar cells nanocomposite gel electrolyte mesoporous nanoparticle

Wind Tunnel Study of Multiple Factors Affecting Wind Erosion from Cropland in Agro-pastoral Area of Inner Mongolia,China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第1期10卷 68-74页

作者： HE Ji-jun cai qiang-guo CAO Wen-qing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation Elementary Educational CollegeCapital Normal University State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Water and Soil ConservationChinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

In this paper,the process of wind erosion on two kinds of soil from the agro-pastoral area of Inner Mongolia are studied using wind tunnel experiments,considering the wind speed,blown angle of wind and soil moisture *** results showed that the modulus of soil wind erosion increases with an increase of wind *** the wind speed exceeds a critical value,the soil wind erosion suddenly *** critical speed for both kinds of soil is within the range of 7-8m·*** a constant wind speed,the rate of soil wind erosion changes from increasing to falling at a critical soil *** critical slope of loam soil and sandy loam soil is 20° and 10°,*** moisture content has a significant effect on wind *** wind erosion of both soils decreases with an increase of the soil water content in two treatments,however,for treatment two,the increasing trends of wind erosion for two soils with the falling of soil water content are no significant,especially for the loam soil,and in the same soil water content,the wind erosion of two soils in treatment one is significantly higher than treatment two,this indicates reducing the disturbance of soil surface can evidently control the soil wind erosion.

关键词： Agro-pastoral area Soil wind erosion Critical slope Wind tunnel experiment