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Virtual endoscopy of the urinary tract

Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第1期8卷 31-38页

作者： George c.Kagadis Dimitrios siablis Evangelos N.Liatsikos Theodore Petsas George c. Nikiforidis Department of Medical Physics Department of Radiology Department of Urology School of MedicineUniversity of PatrasGR 26500 RionGreece Department of Radiology Department of Medical Physics

Technological breakthroughs have advanced the temporal and spatial resolutions of diagnostic imaging, and 3 dimensional （3-D） reconstruction techniques have been introduced into everyday clinical practice. Virtual endoscopy （VE） is a non-invasive technique that amplifies the perception of cross-sectional images in the 3-D space, providing precise spatial relationships of pathological regions and their surrounding structures. A variety of computer algorithms can be used to generate 3-D images, taking advantage of the information inherent in either spiral computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. VE images enable endoluminal navigation through hollow organs, thus simulating conventional endoscopy. several clinical studies have validated the diagnostic utility of virtual cystoscopy, which has high sensitivity and specificity rates in the detection of bladder tumor. Published experience in the virtual exploration of the renal pelvis, ureter and urethra is encouraging but still scarce. VE is a safe, non-invasive method that could be applied in the long-term follow-up of patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction, urinary bladder tumors and ureteral and/or urethral strictures. Its principal limitations are the inability to provide biopsy tissue specimens for histopathologic examination and the associated ionizing radiation hazards （unless MR/is used）. However, in the case of endoluminal stenosis or obstruction, VE permits virtual endoluminal navigation both cephalad and caudal to the stenotic segment. To conclude, VE provides a less invasive method of evaluating the urinary tract, especially for clinicians who are less familiar with cross-sectional imaging than radiologists. （Asian J Androl 2006 Jan; 8： 31-38）

关键词： computed tomography three-dimensional imaging virtual endoscopy urethral stricture

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Exploiting Deterministic TPG for Path Delay Testing

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Journal of computer science & Technology 2000年第5期15卷 472-479页

作者：李晓维 PaulY.s.cheung Departmentofcomputerscience PekingUniversityBeijing100871P.R.China DepartmentofElectricalandElectronicEngineering TheUniversityofHongKongPokfulamRoadHongKongP.R.China

Detection of path delay faults requires two-pattern tests. BIsT technique provides a low-cost test solution. This paper proposes an approach to designing a cost-effective deterministic test pattern generator (TPG) for path delay testing. Given a set of pre-generated test-pairs with pre-determined fault coverage, a deterministic TPG is synthesized to apply the given test-pair set in a limited test time. To achieve this objective, configurable linear feedback shift register (LFsR) structures are used. Techniques are developed to synthesize such a TPG, which is used to generate an unordered deterministic test-pair set. The resulting TPG is very efficient in terms of hardware size and speed performance. simulation of academic benchmark circuits has given good results when compared to alternative solutions.

关键词： built-in self-test (BIsT) path delay testing deterministic TPG configurable LFsR

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The diffuse ionized gas in the Milky Way galaxy

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science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第12期65卷 70-71页

作者： Dana s.Balser National Radio Astronomy Observatory Charlottesville VA 22903USA

Existence of a warm(104K),diffuse(0.1 cm^(-3)),ionized gas component in the Galactic disk in our Milky Way was first suggested by Hoyle and Ellis[1]based on low frequency radio continuum *** studies,primarily using H... 详细信息

关键词： primarily Existence galaxy

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Adrenomedullin and endocrine control of immune cells during pregnancy

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2014年第5期11卷 456-459页

作者： Brooke c Matson Kathleen M caron Departments of cell Biology & Physiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA Genetics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA

The immunology of pregnancy is complex and incompletely understood. Aberrant immune activity in the decidua and in the placenta is believed to play a role in diseases of pregnancy, such as infertility, miscarriage, fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia. Here, we briefly review the endocrine control of uterine natural killer cell populations and their functions by the peptide hormone adrenomedullin. studies in genetic animal models have revealed the critical importance of adrenomedullin dosage at the maternal-fetal interface, with cells from both the maternal and fetal compartments contributing to essential aspects underlying appropriate uterine receptivity, implantation and vascular remodeling of spiral arteries. These basic insights into the crosstalk between the endocrine and immune systems within the maternal- fetal interface may ultimately translate to a better understanding of the functions and consequences of dysregulated adrenomedullin levels in clinically complicated pregnancies.

关键词： adrenomedullin preeclampsia pregnancy spiral artery remodeling uNK cells

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Are we giving biologics too much time? When should we stop treatment?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第36期14卷 5528-5531页

作者： Edouard Louis J Belaiche c Reenaers Department of Gastroenterology cHU Liège and GIGA Research University of Liège Belgium

The optimal duration of biological treatment, particularly anti-TNF, in inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） is a very important question both for patients and physicians. There is no published evidence to clearly and definitely answer this question. However data on natural history of IBD, long term safety of biologics, immunosuppressors （Is） cessation and some preliminary studies on biologics cessation may help us to discuss this topic. The decision to stop a biological treatment is currently based on a compromise between the benefits and risks associated with the prolongation of this treatment. IBD, more particularly cD, are characterized by the development of complications and the need for recurrent hospitalizations and surgeries in approximately 2/3 of cases. In these patients potentially in need of biological treatments, it is probable that, as it has been demonstrated for Is, the longer a stable remission has be achieved under treatment, the lower the risk of relapse is alter treatment cessation. Further prospective studies should now aim at disclosing patient characteristics associated with a low risk of relapse to imple- ment this strategy.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Immunosuppressors Biological treatment

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The total cross sections of the ^(11)B(α,n)^(14N) and the ^(10)B(α,n)^(13)N reactions between 2 and 6 MeV

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2017年第8期28卷 111-116页

作者： R. M. Prior M. c. spraker R. H. France s. stave M. W. Ahmed H. J. Karwowski J. M. Mueller L. s. Myers H. R. Weller University of North Georgia Dahlonega GA 30597 USA Georgia college & state University MilledgevilleGA 31061 USA Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory DurhamNC 27708 USA University of North carolina Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA Present Address: Bluffton University Bluffton OH 45817USA

There is considerable interest in potential aneutronic fusion reactors. One possible reaction is^(11)B(p,a)***, the emitted alpha particles are energetic enough to generate neutrons by interacting with boron inside the reactor through the ^(11)B(α,n)^(14N) and ^(10)B(α,n)^(13)N *** aid in evaluating neutron production within this potential aneutronic reactor, the total cross sections were measured for the ^(11)B(α,n)^(14N) reaction between 2 and 6 MeV and for the ^(10)B(α,n)^(13)N reaction between 2 and 4.8 MeV. The results are presented and compared with previously reported results.

关键词：聚变反应堆 MeV 总截面核反应堆中子反应器 α粒子电子

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comparative Effect of an Addition of a surface Term to Woods-saxon Potential on Thermodynamics of a Nucleon

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communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第1期69卷 23-27页

作者： B.c.Lütfüoglu Department of Physics Akdeniz University

In this study, we reveal the difference between Woods-saxon(Ws) and Generalized symmetric Woodssaxon(GsWs) potentials in order to describe the physical properties of a nucleon, by means of solving schr¨odinger equation for the two potentials. The additional term squeezes the Ws potential well, which leads an upward shift in the spectrum, resulting in a more realistic picture. The resulting GsWs potential does not merely accommodate extra quasi bound states, but also has modified bound state spectrum. As an application, we apply the formalism to a real problem,an α particle confined in Bohrium-270 nucleus. The thermodynamic functions Helmholtz energy, entropy, internal energy,specific heat of the system are calculated and compared for both wells. The internal energy and the specific heat capacity increase as a result of upward shift in the spectrum. The shift of the Helmholtz free energy is a direct consequence of the shift of the spectrum. The entropy decreases because of a decrement in the number of available states.

关键词： Woods-saxon potential generalized symmetric Woods-saxon potential bound states analytical solutions partition function thermodynamic functions

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Flow of colloidal suspension and irreversibility analysis with aggregation kinematics of nanoparticles in a microchannel

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第11期41卷 1671-1684页

作者： s.sINDHU B.J.GIREEsHA Department of studies and Research in Mathematics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghattaShivamogga 577451KarnatakaIndia

The current exploration focuses on the ethylene glycol(EG)based nanoliquid flow in a *** effectiveness of the internal heat source and linear radiation is reflected in the present *** estimation of suitable thermal conductivity model has affirmative impact on the convective heat transfer *** examination is conceded with the nanoparticle aggregation demonstrated by the Maxwell-Bruggeman and Krieger-Dougherty models which tackle the formation of *** models effectively describe the thermal conductivity and viscosity *** dimensionless mathematical expressions are solved numerically by the Runge Kutta Fehlberg approach.A higher thermal field is attained for the Bruggeman model due to the formation of thermal bridge.A second law analysis is carried out to predict the sources of irreversibility associated with the thermal *** is remarked that lesser entropy generation is obtained for the aggregation *** entropy generation rate declines with the slip flow and the thermal heat flux.A notable enhancement in the Bejan number is attained by increasing the Biot *** is established that the nanoparticle aggragation model exhibits a higher Bejan number in comparision with the usual flow model.

关键词： nanoparticle aggregation nanoliquid microchannel slip parameter heat flux

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Using injectable fillers for chin and jawline rejuvenation

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery 2023年第2期9卷 131-137页

作者： Beatrice c.Go Ariel s.Frost Oren Friedman Department of Otorhinolaryngology Hospital of Universityof PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Division of Facial Plastic&Reconstructive surgery Department of OtorhinolaryngologyHospital of University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Objective:As the population ages,facial plastic providers must remain aware of the treatments to prevent and reverse the external signs of *** the mandibular region,skin laxity and soft tissue sagging in the jawline may lead to jowling and chin ptosis along with reduced chin *** surgical procedures,including chin implantation,may be performed,nonsurgical procedures are becoming increasingly popular due to their temporary,noninvasive,yet effective *** review covers the use of hyaluronic acid,calcium hydroxylapatite,poly-L-lactic acid,and polymethyl methacrylate in the ***:PubMed was searched for data on the mechanism of action,pertinent anatomy,indications,contraindications,technique,and evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of the ***:There are a wide variety of fillers available for use in the lower face with unique characteristics and application *** the advantages of injectable fillers include relatively affordable cost,minimal patient discomfort,and limited recovery times,taking measures to prevent short-and long-term complications is necessary for optimal ***:Understanding the benefits and limitations of injectable fillers in the jawline can help providers appropriately counsel and treat patients.

关键词： aging chin dermal fillers hyaluronic acid

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Temporal variations in runoff and soil loss in relation to soil conservation practices in catchments in shiwaliks of lower Himalayas

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International soil and Water conservation Research 2013年第2期1卷 19-25页

作者： s.s.Kukal s.s.Bawa school of climate change and Agricultural Meteorology Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaIndia Zonal Research station for Kandi Area(PAL) NawanshaharIndia

The soil conservation strategies adopted in the catchments of shiwaliks,the most fragile region in the Himalayan ecosystem,failed to serve their purpose after a few years of their execution.A study was carried out in four differentially-treated catchments to monitor the variation in runoff and soil *** treatments imposed during 1988 included fencing,planting native vegetation and engineering structures in catchment I;planting native vegetation and fencing in catchment II;fencing alone in catchment III in addition to an untreated catchment *** soil loss during the initial years(1989–1995)of imposition of the treatments was lowest(25.2 t ha^(-1))in catchment I,treated to the maximum extent and highest(43.3 t ha^(-1))in untreated catchment *** the later period(1996–2006)the trends reversed,i.e.,catchment IV recorded the lowest(14.1 t ha^(-1))soil loss whereas catchment I recorded the highest(23.4 t ha^(-1))soil loss despite the fact that there was no change in the status of soil conservation or the characteristics of the *** runoff was 71%higher in untreated catchment than in treated catchments initially and this difference decreased to 27%during the later period.

关键词： catchment Gully erosion sediment loss soil conservation

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