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Blood metal concentrations and cardiac structure and function in total joint arthroplasty patients

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 773-782页

作者： Peter c Brennan Stephanie M Peterson Thomas J O'Byrne Mariana L Laporta cody c Wyles Paul J Jannetto Garvan c Kane Maria Vassilaki Hilal Maradit Kremers Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of cardiovascular Diseases Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BAcKGROUND There is concern regarding potential long-term cardiotoxicity with systemic distribution of metals in total joint arthroplasty(TJA)*** To determine the association of commonly used implant metals with echocardiographic measures in TJA *** The study comprised 110 TJA patients who had a recent history of high chromium,cobalt or titanium *** underwent two-dimensional,three-dimensional,Doppler and speckle-strain transthoracic echocardiography and a blood draw to measure metal *** and sex-adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association of metal concentrations(exposure)with echocardiographic measures(outcome).RESULTS Higher cobalt concentrations were associated with increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume(estimate 5.09;95%cI:0.02-10.17)as well as left atrial and right ventricular dilation,particularly in men but no changes in cardiac *** titanium concentrations were associated with a reduction in left ventricle global longitudinal strain(estimate 0.38;95%cI:0.70 to 0.06)and cardiac index(estimate 0.08;95%cI,-0.15 to-0.01).cONcLUSION Elevated cobalt and titanium concentrations may be associated with structural and functional cardiac changes in some *** studies are warranted to better understand the systemic effects of metals in TJA patients.

关键词： Total joint arthroplasty Metal-on-metal cardiotoxicity Heart failure Echocardiography cobalt

comparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded carp establishment in the lower White River, Arkansas

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michael A.Eggleton cody J.Salzmann Joseph E.Kaiser Shannon c.F.Smith Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and Fish commission Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Background Since the late 1990s, bigheaded carps(largely silver carp [Hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighead carp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower White River basin, Arkansas, we compared current(2017, “post-carp” establishment) fish assemblages to historical(2002, “pre-carp” establishment) fish assemblages. Fish assemblages were comprehensively assessed using multiple gears, including boat electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater(P carp period as reflected by boat electrofishing and experimental gill nets. However, all indices were generally similar(P > 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assemblages depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that fish assemblages differed structurally between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assemblage differences were linked to both small and large abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), crappies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) declined between the pre-carp and postcarp periods. conversely, abundances of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally increased during the same *** Although not possible to conclude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establish, the wide establishment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the lower White

关键词： Bigheaded carp Silver carp Aquatic nuisance species Fish assemblage Oxbow lake Large river

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机械工程助力半导体纤维光子学

Science Bulletin 2024年第14期69卷 2151-2152页

作者： Anna c.Peacock Optoelectronics Research centre University of SouthamptonSO171BJUK

Glass optical fibres have had a tremendous impact on modern society,not only changing the way we communicate and share information on a global scale,but also how we sense,monitor,and manufacture using light-based *** fashioned from silica glass,commercial optical fibres owe their ubiquity to decades of efforts in optimizing the fabrication techniques to minimize transmission losses,principally within the telecommunications wavelength bands[1].However,the intrinsic properties of silica glass,such as its transmission window,nonlinear coefficients,and the absence of electronic functionality,have limited the use of these fibres in some ***,alongside these efforts,fibre fabrication teams have continued to explore alternative material systems that can help to lift some of these limitations and extend the reach of optical fibres and their applications.

关键词：光子学 silica fibres

Drought events influence nutrient canopy exchanges and green leaf partitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： J.Touche c.calvaruso P.De Donato M.-P.Turpault INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance UMR 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the coming decades in Western Europe may disturb forest biogeochemical cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the maintenance of tree nutrition are poorly *** experiment in a beech forest in Meuse(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence *** aim was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynamics,including resorption,chemistry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorption and leaching in mature beech stands from 2012 to 2019 allowed us to compare the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by almost a third of the potassium(K)partitioning to resorption(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the coming decades,there will be a risk of potassium deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experiment on the same study *** foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus(P)were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is more likely to improve tree *** calcium(ca)negative resorption decreased,with no apparent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest canopy Resorption Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

Foraging valor linked with aggression:selection against completely abandoning aggression in the high-elevation ant Tetramorium alpestre?

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 953-970页

作者： Marie-Luise contala Patrick Krapf Florian M.Steiner Birgit c.Schlick-Steiner Molecular Ecology Group Department of EcologyUniversitat InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria rganismal&Evolutionary Biology Research Programme University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland

Aggression has multiple benefits and is often coupled with other behaviors("behavioral syndromes").The level of aggressiveness is influenced by an adaptive benefit-cost ratio suggesting that benefits should outweigh the costs of ***,we assess if several behaviors are coupled in two behaviorally different populations(aggressive,peaceful)of the high-elevation ant Tetramorium *** three weeks,we collected colony fragments and analyzed boldness,exploring,foraging,and risk-taking *** hypothesized that the aggressive population is bolder,more explorative and risk-prone,and forages more food than the peaceful *** test whether(a)the combination of experiments and parameters used yields a good setup,(b)populations differ behaviorally,and(c)populations display behavioral syndromes,we assessed(a)the frequency of repeatable behaviors of each experiment,(b)the behavioral means among populations,and(c)the behavioral repeatability,*** found that(a)boldness and exploring were most repeatable and represent a good experimental setup,(b)the aggressive population was bolder and more explorative and risk-prone than the peaceful population,(c)boldness and exploring behaviors were highly repeatable in both populations,thus corroborating our *** results suggest that boldness,exploring,and risk-taking but not foraging are presumably coupled with aggression and indicate the presence of behavioral syndromes in this *** specific ecological conditions,aggression may be coupled with other behaviors and important for finding *** is probably adaptive in ***,possibly indicating that selection favors aggression at least partially,which may counteract the complete loss of intraspecific aggression.

关键词： adaptive value behavioral syndromes boldness exploration repeatability trade-off

Airway management of a patient with linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis:A case report

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World Journal of clinical cases 2024年第13期12卷 2263-2268页

作者： Olga c Nin Robert Hutnik Neil N chheda David Hutchinson Department of Anesthesiology University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32610United States Department of Otolaryngology University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32610United States

BAcKGROUND There is limited literature on managing the airway of patients with linear immunoglobulin A(IgA)bullous dermatosis,a rare mucocutaneous disorder that leads to the development of friable *** clinical decision making is necessary when there is a risk of bleeding into the airway,and a multidisciplinary team approach may lead to decreased patient morbidity during these high-risk scenarios,especially when confronted with an unusual cause for *** SUMMARY A 45-year-old African American female presented to our ambulatory surgical center for right corneal transplantation due to corneal perforation after blunt trauma in the setting of cicatricial conjunctivitis and diffuse corneal neovascularization from linear IgA bullous *** diagnosis of IgA dermatosis was recent,and the patient had been lost to *** severity of the disease and extent of airway involvement was unknown at the time of the *** airway bleeding was noticed upon intubation and the otorhinolaryngology team had to be called to the operating *** patient required transfer to the intensive care unit where a multidisciplinary team was involved in her *** patient was extubated on postoperative day *** A multidisciplinary approach to treating this disease is the best course of action before a surgical *** our case,key communication between the surgery,anesthesia,and dermatology teams led to the quick and safe treatment of our patient’s *** surgery should not be considered for these cases unless they are in full remission and there is no mucous membrane involvement.

关键词： Airway management Bleeding risk Linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis Multidisciplinary approach Outpatient procedure case report

Isolating higher yielding and more stable rice genotypes in stress environments: fine-tuning a selection method using production and resilience score indices

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 169-185页

作者： Arnauld THIRY William J.DAVIES Ian c.DODD Lancaster Environment centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLancashire LA14YWUK

In Asia, the rice crop sustains millions of people. However, growing demand for this crop needs to be met while simultaneously reducing its water consumption to cope with the effects of climate change. Lowland cropping systems are the most common and productive but have particularly high water requirements. High-yielding rice genotypes adapted to drier environments(such as rainfed or aerobic rice ecosystems) are needed to increase the water use efficiency of cropping. Identifying these genotypes requires fast and more accurate selection methods. It is hypothesized that applying a new quantitative selection method(the score index selection method), can usefully compare rice yield responses over different years and stress intensities to select genotypes more rapidly and efficiently. Applying the score index to previously published rice yield data for 39 genotypes grown in no-stress and two stress environments, identified three genotypes(ARB 8, IR55419-04 and ARB 7) with higher and stable yield under moderate to severe stress conditions. These genotypes are postulated to be better adapted to stress environment such as upland and aerobic environments. Importantly, the score index selection method offers improved precision than the conventional breeding selection method in identifying genotypes that are well-suited to a range of stress levels within the target environment.

关键词： Aerobic rice breeding selection drought resilience production capacity index resilience capacity index stress score index upland

Synchronized off-harmonic probe laser with highly variable pulse duration for laser-plasma interaction experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 99-107页

作者： J.Hornung Y.Zobus H.Lorenté c.Brabetz B.Zielbauer V.Bagnoud GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH DarmstadtGermany Institut d’Optique UniversitéParis-SaclayPalaiseauFrance Institut für Angewandte Physik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

This paper presents the development and experimental utilization of a synchronized off-harmonic laser system designed as a probe for ultra-intense laser±plasma interaction experiments. The system exhibits a novel seed-generation design,allowing for a variable pulse duration spanning over more than three orders of magnitude, from 3.45 picoseconds to 10 nanoseconds. This makes it suitable for various plasma diagnostics and visualization techniques. In a side-view configuration, the laser was employed for interferometry and streaked shadowgraphy of a laser-induced plasma while successfully suppressing the self-emission background of the laser±plasma interaction, resulting in a signal-to-self-emission ratio of 110 for this setup. These properties enable the probe to yield valuable insights into the plasma dynamics and interactions at the PHELIX facility and to be deployed at various laser facilities due to its easy-to-implement design.

关键词： interferometry laser-plasma interaction off-harmonic probe laser streaked shadowgraphy

Magnesium alloys as extremely promising alternatives for temporary orthopedic implants-A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第8期11卷 2688-2718页

作者： c.A.Niranjan T.raghavendra Madhuri P.Rao c.Siddaraju M.Gupta Vikram Kumar S.Jain R.Aishwarya Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBengaluru-54India Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of EngineeringMysuru-08India Department of chemistry B.M.S.College of EngineeringBengaluru-19India Department of Mechanical Engineering Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBengaluru-54India Department of Mechanical Engineering NUS Singapore-75Singapore Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyMadras-36India

Mg alloys are emerging as potential and very promising alternatives for replacing permanent metallic implant materials such as steels and titanium in applications where the implants need to be removed following healing through revision *** of Mg alloys for implant application is seen as a game changer and Mg alloys are almost perfect materials for the future in both engineering and biomedical *** review therefore focuses on highlighting significance of Mg alloys in biomedical field and risks of using permanent metallic implants particularly when the implants are no longer required after the injury is *** this review,importance of orthopedic implants in present scenario,serious concern related to accidents that are causing permanent disabilities,demand in orthopedic implant market worldwide,potential applications of Mg based materials and their compatibility in biological environment is presented and *** addition,degradation rate,major reactions associated with Mg based materials and effect of alloying elements on implant performance are also discussed based on in-vivo *** advances in development of Mg alloys through various techniques and their performance in in-vitro conditions are also *** ways to eliminate the limitations of Mg alloys include alloying,melt purification,surface alterations,surface modifications,chemical treatment,secondary processing *** *** and opportunities for Mg alloys to become ideal implant material is also addressed.

关键词： Accidents Fractures Burden of fracture Magnesium Ultimate alternative Degradation rate Alloying Melt purification coating