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核试验说明了USArray台阵数据的质量

世界地震译丛 2008年第3期39卷 47-50页

作者： c.j.ammon T.Lay 吴琼中国地震台网中心

作为USArray台阵部分而部署的地震台站,是美国国家科学基金会资助的主要研究仪器设备“地球透镜”计划的一部分。当全部运行时,USArray台阵将包括400个宽带地震台站的可移动台阵(TA),这些台站将以有规则网格的场点排列部署,台站间距约为... 详细信息

作为USArray台阵部分而部署的地震台站,是美国国家科学基金会资助的主要研究仪器设备“地球透镜”计划的一部分。当全部运行时,USArray台阵将包括400个宽带地震台站的可移动台阵(TA),这些台站将以有规则网格的场点排列部署,台站间距约为70km。在今后的10年时间里,可移动台阵TA的布设区域将在美国境内迁移,最终在美国本土及阿拉斯加形成2000个记录场点。尽管USArray台阵的主要目的是记录探寻北美的构造、演化和地震活动性时所需要应用的地震信号,但可移动台阵TA布设后高质量的地震记录能力,就能够获得和分析用于诸如深地幔研究、地震破裂研究以及进行诸如地下核爆炸异常震源分析等其他目的的遥远小事件的资料。目前,可移动台阵TA正在美国西部进行初期的部署,2006年10月9日北朝鲜起爆地下核爆炸时已有约240个台站在运行(图1)。图1(左上图)事件及台站图的位置。(左下图)北朝鲜核试验及日本海深部事件的位置。(右图)得不到可移动台阵(TA)台站信号的位置(细线空心圆)、记录到低信噪比信号的台站(粗线空心圆)和具有北朝鲜核试验清晰P波到时的台站(实心圆)本文通过提取北朝鲜爆炸产生的高保真信号,说明可移动台阵TA对...

关键词：波形记录可移动地震台阵北朝鲜核试验高质量数据球透镜日本海地震台站

2009年萨摩亚—汤加特大地震触发的两次大震

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世界地震译丛 2011年第3期42卷 1-10页

作者： T.Lay c.j.ammon H.Kanamori L.Rivera K.D.Koper A.R.Hutko 李晶陕西省地震局

特大地震(≥8.0级的地震)一般都含有构造板块之间边界岩体的突然滑动。这种板间的破裂通常出现在俯冲带特大逆冲事件的海沟斜坡区,会产生动态及静态应力变化,从而激活周边的板内余震(christensen and Ruff,1988;Dmowskaetal,1988;Layeta... 详细信息

特大地震(≥8.0级的地震)一般都含有构造板块之间边界岩体的突然滑动。这种板间的破裂通常出现在俯冲带特大逆冲事件的海沟斜坡区,会产生动态及静态应力变化,从而激活周边的板内余震(christensen and Ruff,1988;Dmowskaetal,1988;Layetal,1989;ammonetal,2008)。本文研究的地震序列展示一少见的例子———特大海沟斜坡的一次板内地震触发了广泛的板间断层活动,颠倒了典型的活动模式,从而广泛地扩大了地震和海啸灾害。2009年9月29日,在汤加俯冲带北端的外海沟斜坡发生矩震级8.1的正断层地震事件,该震开始破裂后的2分钟内,发生了总地震矩等于矩震级8.0级的第二个特大地震,它由两次(矩震级均为7.8级)板间下插逆冲大地震组成,导致了周边俯冲带巨型逆断层的破裂。联合的断层作用引发了海啸,局部地区抬升约12m,导致萨摩亚、美属萨摩亚和汤加192人死亡。地震信号的重叠掩盖了这样的事实:相隔约50km的性质不同的断层发生了不同几何形状的破裂,这些被触发的逆冲断层滑动只有通过详细的地震波分析才能揭示出来。在汤加北部俯冲带的大部分区域内,激活了广泛的板间和板内余震活动。

关键词：地震触发构造板块大震特大地震断层活动海啸灾害地震事件断层滑动

2010年10月25日明打威海啸地震(M_W7.8)和浅层巨大逆冲断裂引起的海啸灾害

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世界地震译丛 2012年第3期43卷 8-21页

作者： T.Lay c.j.ammon H.Kanamori Y.Yamazaki K.F.cheung A.R.Hutko 王蕤(译) 吕春来(校) 不详北京市地震局

2010年10月25日印度尼西亚明打威地震(MW7.8),致使苏门答腊近海明打威群岛向海一侧的俯冲带浅部发生破裂,在巴盖群岛西南的沿海地带引发了3～9m高的海啸,并夺去了至少431人的生命。对有限断层震源破裂特征的远震P波、SH波及瑞雷波的分... 详细信息

2010年10月25日印度尼西亚明打威地震(MW7.8),致使苏门答腊近海明打威群岛向海一侧的俯冲带浅部发生破裂,在巴盖群岛西南的沿海地带引发了3～9m高的海啸,并夺去了至少431人的生命。对有限断层震源破裂特征的远震P波、SH波及瑞雷波的分析说明,在倾角为10°的巨大逆冲断层上破裂过程持续了大约90s,破裂速度相对较低,约为1.5km/s,在约为100km长的震源区总滑动量约为2～4m。根据地震矩所计算的能量释放为1.4×10-6,小于2006年7月17日爪哇海啸地震(MW7.8)的能量释放量2.4×10-6。明打威地震致使2007年9月12日群岛地震(MW7.9)的滑动区上倾部位发生破裂,结合沿岛弧锡默卢岛西北方向近海的1907年1月4日(M7.6)海啸地震,说明印度尼西亚和其他地方发生特大俯冲地震的上倾地区的浅层逆冲破裂,特别容易引发海啸灾害。

关键词：海啸地震海啸灾害逆冲断裂浅层破裂特征印度尼西亚能量释放量有限断层

2004年12月26日苏门答腊—安达曼特大地震

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世界地震译丛 2005年第6期36卷 5-14页

作者： T.LAY H.KANAMORI c.j.ammon M.NETTLES S.N.WARD R.c.ASTER S.L.BEcK S.L.BILEK M.R.BRUDZINSKI R.BUTLER H.R.DESHON G.EKSTRM K.SATAKE S.SIPKIN 石玉涛中国地震局地震预测研究所

发生在2004年12月26日（Mw=9．1～9．3级）和2005年3月28日（Mw=8．6级）的地震是过去40年中最大的两次地震，它们在欧亚大陆板块的东南部和印度-澳大利亚板块之间裂开一条长达1600km的断层。其中第一次地震引发的海啸吞噬了28．3万多... 详细信息

发生在2004年12月26日（Mw=9．1～9．3级）和2005年3月28日（Mw=8．6级）的地震是过去40年中最大的两次地震，它们在欧亚大陆板块的东南部和印度-澳大利亚板块之间裂开一条长达1600km的断层。其中第一次地震引发的海啸吞噬了28．3万多人的性命。苏门答腊岛班达亚奇附近的断层滑动了15m，但是在其北边，沿着尼科巴群岛和安达曼群岛，断层快速滑动的距离则小了很多。海啸和测地学的观测表明，在50min或更长的时间范围内北部的断层发生了更多的缓慢滑动。

关键词：苏门答腊大地震断层滑动大陆板块澳大利亚时间范围东南部测地学海啸群岛

A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon c.Daeschler Katelyn j.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj jenny cheung jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini jPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

Status and prospects for symmetric organic redox flow batteries

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journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： Md Al Raihan c.Adam Dyker Department of chemistry University of New Brunswick

As environmental concerns from fossil fuel consumption intensify, large-scale energy storage becomes imperative for the integration of renewable sources like wind, hydro, and solar with the electrical *** flow batteries, particularly those employing organic molecules, are positioned as a key technology for this purpose. This review explores the growing field of symmetric organic redox flow batteries(ORFBs) within this context. Unlike traditional asymmetric designs based on unique active materials for each electrode, symmetric ORFBs involve a single bipolar species for both electrodes. This review highlights the benefits of a symmetric design, and categorizes five distinct classes of organic bipolar molecules used in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. By providing a comprehensive overview of their cell cycling and performance characteristics, the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse categories of bipolar molecules are highlighted for both solvent systems, as are opportunities for future development. This should guide new research directions and advance the development of practical symmetric ORFBs.

关键词： Redox flow battery Symmetric battery Organic battery Aqueous electrolyte Non-aqueous electrolyte

Acquired sensorineural hearing loss,oxidative stress,and microRNAs

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2513-2519页

作者： Desmond A.Nunez Ru c.Guo Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Gordon&Leslie Diamond Health Care CentreVancouver General HospitalVancouverBCCanada Faculty of Medicine–The University of British columbia VancouverBCCanada

Hearing loss is the third leading cause of human ***-related hearing loss,one type of acquired sensorineural hearing loss,is largely responsible for this escalating global health ***-induced,ototoxic,and idiopathic sudden sensorineural are other less common types of acquired hearing *** etiology of these conditions is complex and multi-fa ctorial involving an interplay of genetic and environmental *** stress has recently been proposed as a likely linking cause in most types of acquired sensorineural hearing *** non-coding RNA sequences known as microRNAs(miRNAs)have increasingly been shown to play a role in cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress responses including promoting an apoptotic *** hair cell death is a central histopathological finding in sensorineural hearing *** these cells do not regenerate in humans,it underlies the irreversibility of human age-related hearing *** EMBASE,Ovid MEDLINE,Web of Science core collection,and *** databases over the period August 1,2018 to july 31,2023 were searched with"hearing loss,""hypoxamiRs,""hypoxia,""microRNAs,""ischemia,"and"oxidative stress"text words for English language primary study publications or registered clinical *** red clinical trials known to the senior author we re also assessed.A total of 222studies were thus *** excluding duplicates,editorials,retra ctions,secondary research studies,and non-English language articles,39 primary studies and clinical trials underwent full-text *** resulted in 11 animal,in vitro,and/or human subject journal articles and 8 registered clinical trial database entries which form the basis of this narrative *** miR-34a and miR-29b levels increase with age in *** miRNAs were demonstrated in human neuroblastoma and murine cochlear cell lines to target Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferato r-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha(SIRT1/P Gc-1α),SIRT

关键词： hearing loss hypoxia microRNAs oxidative stress sensorineural

Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： christopher j.O’connell Matthew j.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA james L.Winkle college of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon c.Smith jessica L.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(cNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage