A juvenile specimen of the black turtle, chelonia mydas agassizii, was located in the shores of cabo Tamar Island in the western entrance of the Strait of Magellan, chile. A king crab angler found the specimen, and do...
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A juvenile specimen of the black turtle, chelonia mydas agassizii, was located in the shores of cabo Tamar Island in the western entrance of the Strait of Magellan, chile. A king crab angler found the specimen, and donated it to the Río Seco Natural History Museum’s vertebrate collection for further studies and exhibition. Morphological measurements and a genetic analysis derived from an mtDNA fragment amplified and sequenced, suggest that this specimen corresponds to the species chelonia mydas agassiizii and that it is closely related to the Galapagos Islands black turtle population. Possible influences of the El Ni?o Southern Oscillation phenomenon on this tropical species in the Eastern South Pacific Ocean are briefly discussed.
Linked to major volcanic eruptions around 536 and 540 cE, the onset of the Late Antique Little Ice Age has been described as the coldest period of the past two millennia. The exact timing and spatial extent of this ex...
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Linked to major volcanic eruptions around 536 and 540 cE, the onset of the Late Antique Little Ice Age has been described as the coldest period of the past two millennia. The exact timing and spatial extent of this exceptional cold phase are, however, still under debate because of the limited resolution and geographical distribution of the available proxy archives. Here, we use 106 wood anatomical thin sections from 23forest sites and 20 tree species in both hemispheres to search for cell-level fingerprints of ephemeral summer cooling between 530 and 550 cE. After cross-dating and double-staining, we identified 89Blue Rings(lack of cell wall lignification), nine Frost Rings(cell deformation and collapse), and 93Light Rings(reduced cell wall thickening) in the Northern Hemisphere. Our network reveals evidence for the strongest temperature depression between mid-July and early-August 536 cE across North America and Eurasia, whereas more localised cold spells occurred in the summers of 532, 540–43, and548 cE. The lack of anatomical signatures in the austral trees suggests limited incursion of stratospheric volcanic aerosol into the Southern Hemisphere extra-tropics, that any forcing was mitigated by atmosphere-ocean dynamical responses and/or concentrated outside the growing season, or a combination of factors. Our findings demonstrate the advantage of wood anatomical investigations over traditional dendrochronological measurements, provide a benchmark for Earth system models, support cross-disciplinary studies into the entanglements of climate and history, and question the relevance of global climate averages.
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