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Tectonic modes of mantle convection and their implications for Earth's tectonic evolution based on three-dimensional numerical simulations

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Science china Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 270-296页

作者： Song XIANG Jinshui HUANG Bingcheng wu School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China cAS center of Excellence in comparative Planetary Studies

Five tectonic modes of mantle convection are obtained and analyzed with three-dimensional numerical models in a spherical shell domain. The five tectonic convective modes are non-plate mobile-lid, plate-like mobile-lid, episodic plate-like mobile-lid, episodic stagnant-lid, and stagnant-lid convective modes, respectively. The typical characteristics of these five tectonic modes and their numerical classification criteria based on plateness, mobility, and their standard deviations are presented and discussed. The results show that the yield stress of the lithosphere has profound effects on the tectonic convective *** the gradual increase of yield stress, the tectonic mode of mantle convection changes from one to another sequentially through the aforementioned five modes. Additionally, as the Rayleigh number increases, the range of yield stress for the platelike mobile-lid convective mode decreases, and the dimensionless transition stress between different tectonic modes ***, the dimensional transition stress between the non-plate mobile-lid convective mode and plate-like mobile-lid convective mode increases with the increase of Rayleigh number, but decreases between other tectonic modes. Furthermore, we find that the transition stress between different tectonic modes is inversely proportional to the internal heating rate, with the transition stress decreasing as the internal heating rate increases. The fitting analysis of the transition stress between tectonic modes shows that Earth's current plate tectonics correspond to a lithospheric yield stress of 150–250 MPa, which aligns with the strength of serpentinized mantle rock determined by experimental petrography. If the Archean mantle was 300°c warmer than it is today, then the Earth was in an episodic stagnant-lid convective mode. The tectonic evolution of the Earth's surface is closely related to the lithospheric strength and the process of thermal evolution. If the lithospheric strength w

关键词： Tectonic mode of mantle convection Plate-like mobile-lid convection Episodic plate-like mobile-lid convection Episodic stagnant-lid convection Plate tectonics and tectonic evolution of the Earth

Plasmonic tandem heterojunctions enable high-efficiency charge transfer for broad spectrum photocatalytic hydrogen production

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 710-720页

作者： Wenxuan chen Xiu-Qing Qiao Guo Hui Bojing Sun Dongfang Hou Meidi Wang Xueqian wu Tao wu Dong-Sheng Li college of Materials and chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory college of chemistry and Materials Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Coordination Chemistry Jinan University

Rational engineering of semiconductor photocatalysts for efficient hydrogen production is of great significance but still challenging,primarily due to the limitations in charge transfer ***,a fascinating plasmonic tandem heterojunction with the hc-cdS/Mo2c@c heterostructure is aimfully prepared for effectively promoting the charge separation kinetics of the cdS photocatalyst via the synergistic strategy of phase junction,Schottky junction,and photothermal *** difference in atomic configuration between cubic-cdS （c-cdS） and hexagonal-cdS （h-cdS） leads to effective charge separation through a typical Ⅱ charge transfer mechanism,and plasmonic Schottky junction further extracts the electrons in the hc-cdS phase junction to realize gradient charge ***,the photothermal effect of Mo2c@c helps to expand the light absorption,accelerate charge transfer kinetics,and reduce the hydrogen evolution energy *** carbon layer provides a fast channel for charge transfer and protects the photocatalyst from *** a result,the optimized hc-cMc photocatalyst exhibits a significantly high photocatalytic H2production activity of 28.63 mmol/g/h and apparent quantum efficiency of 61.8%,surpassing most of the reported *** study provides a feasible strategy to enhance the charge transfer kinetics and photocatalytic activity of cdS by constructing plasmonic tandem heterogeneous junctions.

关键词： cadmium sulfide

A functional cathode sodium compensation agent for stable sodium-ion batteries

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第1期10卷 173-182页

作者： Wei wu zhenglin Hu zhengfei zhao Aoxuan Wang Jiayan Luo Key Laboratory for Green chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shaoxing Research Institute of Renewable Energy and Molecular Engineering Shaoxing312000China

Hard carbon(Hc)is widely used in sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),but its performance has always been limited by lowinitial coulombic efficiency(IcE)and cycling *** compensation agent is a favorable strategy to make up for the loss of active sodium ions consumed *** it lacks agent that effectively decomposes to increase the active sodium ions as well as regulate carbon defects for decreasing the irreversible sodium ions ***,we propose 1,2-dihydroxybenzene Na salt(NaDB)as a cathode compensation agent with high specific capacity(347.9 mAh g^(-1)),lower desodiation potential(2.4–2.8 V)and high utilization(99%).Meanwhile,its byproduct could functionalize Hc with more c]O groups and promote its reversible ***,the presodiation hard carbon(pHc)anode exhibits highly reversible capacity of 204.7 mAh g^(-1) with 98%retention at 5 c rate over 1000 ***,with 5 wt%NaDB initially coated on the Na3V2(PO4)3(NVP)cathode,the capacity retention of NVP t NaDBjHc cell could increase from 22%to 89%after 1000 cycles at 1 c *** work provides a new avenue to improve reversible capacity and cycling performance of SIBs through designing functional cathode compensation agent.

关键词： Hard carbon IcE cathode compensation agent Reversible capacity Stability

Review of precipitation strengthening in ultrahigh-strength martensitic steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 256-269页

作者： zhihao Tian chunlei Shang chaolei zhang Xiaoye zhou Honghui wu Shuize Wang Guilin wu Junheng Gao Jiaming zhu Xinping Mao Institute for carbon Neutrality University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute of Steel Sustainable Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang 110004China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhen 518172China Institute of Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang 110004China School of civil Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China

Martensite is an important microstructure in ultrahigh-strength steels,and enhancing the strength of martensitic steels often involves the introduction of precipitated phases within the martensitic *** considerable research efforts devoted to this area,a systematic summary of these advancements is *** review focuses on the precipitates prevalent in ultrahigh-strength martensitic steel,primarily carbides(e.g.,Mc,M_(2)c,and M_(3)c)and intermetallic compounds(e.g.,Ni Al,Ni_(3)X,and Fe_(2)Mo).The precipitation-strengthening effect of these precipitates on ultrahigh-strength martensitic steel is discussed from the aspects of heat treatment processes,microstructure of precipitate-strengthened martensite matrix,and mechanical ***,a perspective on the development of precipitation-strengthened martensitic steel is presented to contribute to the advancement of ultrahigh-strength martensitic *** review highlights significant findings,ongoing challenges,and opportunities in the development of ultrahigh-strength martensitic steel.

关键词： ultrahigh-strength martensitic steel precipitation strengthening mechanical property carbide intermetallic compound

Estimation of chloride Diffusivity in Hydrated Tricalcium Silicate Using a Hydration-Diffusion Integrated Method

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Journal of wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 49-64页

作者： WANG Xin SHEN Dejian TAO Sijie LIU Ruixin wu Shengxing college of civil and Transportation Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

This study aims to develop a chloride diffusion simulation method that considers the hydration microstructure and pore solution properties during the hydration of tricalcium silicate(c3S).The method combines the hydration simulation,thermodynamic calculation,and finite element analysis to examine the effects of pore solution,including effect of electrochemical potential,effect of chemical activity,and effect of mechanical interactions between ions,on the chloride effective diffusion coefficient of hydrated c3S *** results indicate that the effect of electrochemical potential on chloride diffusion becomes stronger with increasing hydration age due to the increase in the content of hydrated calcium silicate;as the hydration age increases,the effect of chemical activity on chloride diffusion weakens when the number of diffusible elements decreases;the effect of mechanical interactions between ions on chloride diffusion decreases with the increase of hydration age.

关键词： tricalcium silicate simulation method chloride diffusion coefficient pore solution

Multi-layer multi-pass friction rolling additive manufacturing of Al alloy:Toward complex large-scale high-performance components

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 425-438页

作者： Haibin Liu Run Hou chenghao wu Ruishan Xie Shujun chen college of Mechanical&Energy Engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China chongqing Research Institute of Beijing University of Technology Chongqing 401121China

At present,the emerging solid-phase friction-based additive manufacturing technology,including friction rolling additive man-ufacturing(FRAM),can only manufacture simple single-pass *** this study,multi-layer multi-pass FRAM-deposited alumin-um alloy samples were successfully prepared using a non-shoulder tool *** material flow behavior and microstructure of the over-lapped zone between adjacent layers and passes during multi-layer multi-pass FRAM deposition were studied using the hybrid 6061 and 5052 aluminum *** results showed that a mechanical interlocking structure was formed between the adjacent layers and the adja-cent passes in the overlapped center *** friction and rolling of the tool head led to different degrees of lateral flow and plastic deformation of the materials in the overlapped zone,which made the recrystallization degree in the left and right edge zones of the over-lapped zone the highest,followed by the overlapped center zone and the non-overlapped *** tensile strength of the overlapped zone exceeded 90%of that of the single-pass deposition *** is proved that although there are uneven grooves on the surface of the over-lapping area during multi-layer and multi-pass deposition,they can be filled by the flow of materials during the deposition of the next lay-er,thus ensuring the dense microstructure and excellent mechanical properties of the overlapping *** multi-layer multi-pass FRAM deposition overcomes the limitation of deposition width and lays the foundation for the future deposition of large-scale high-performance components.

关键词： aluminum alloy additive manufacturing solid-state friction stir welding multi-layer multi-pass

Bioinspired Passive Tactile Sensors Enabled by Reversible Polarization of conjugated Polymers

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 361-377页

作者： Feng He Sitong chen Ruili zhou Hanyu Diao Yangyang Han Xiaodong wu School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China School of Software Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China

Tactile perception plays a vital role for the human body and is also highly desired for smart prosthesis and advanced *** to active sensing devices,passive piezoelectric and triboelectric tactile sensors consume less power,but lack the capability to resolve static ***,we address this issue by utilizing the unique polarization chemistry of conjugated polymers for the first time and propose a new type of bioinspired,passive,and bio-friendly tactile sensors for resolving both static and dynamic ***,to emulate the polarization process of natural sensory cells,conjugated polymers(including poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophen e):poly(styrenesulfonate),polyaniline,or polypyrrole)are controllably polarized into two opposite states to create artificial potential *** controllable and reversible polarization process of the conjugated polymers is fully in situ ***,a micro-structured ionic electrolyte is employed to imitate the natural ion channels and to encode external touch stimulations into the variation in potential difference *** with the currently existing tactile sensing devices,the developed tactile sensors feature distinct characteristics including fully organic composition,high sensitivity(up to 773 mV N^(−1)),ultralow power consumption(nW),as well as superior *** demonstrations,both single point tactile perception(surface texture perception and material property perception)and two-dimensional tactile recognitions(shape or profile perception)with high accuracy are successfully realized using self-defined machine learning *** tactile sensing concept innovation based on the polarization chemistry of conjugated polymers opens up a new path to create robotic tactile sensors and prosthetic electronic skins.

关键词： Passive tactile sensors Reversible polarization of conjugated polymers Tactile perception Machine learning algorithm Object recognition

Tuning the interfacial reaction environment via pH-dependent and induced ions to understand c–N bonds coupling performance in NO3- integrated cO2 reduction to carbon and nitrogen compounds over dual cu-based N-doped carbon catalyst

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 273-285页

作者： Tianhang zhou chen Shen zhenghao wu Xingying Lan Yi Xiao college of carbon Neutrality Future Technology State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Institute of Materials Science TU Darmstadt Department of chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo

Dual atomic catalysts （DAc）,particularly copper （cu2）-based nitrogen （N） doped graphene,show great potential to effectively convert cO2and nitrate （NO3-） into important industrial chemicals such as ethylene,glycol,acetamide,and urea through an efficient catalytical process that involves c–c and c–N ***,the origin of the coupling activity remained unclear,which substantially hinders the rational design of cu-based catalysts for the N-integrated cO2reduction reaction （cO2RR）.To address this challenge,this work performed advanced density functional theory calculations incorporating explicit solvation based on a cu2-based N-doped carbon (cu2N6c10) catalyst for *** calculations are aimed to gain insight into the reaction mechanisms for the synthesis of ethylene,acetamide,and urea via coupling in the interfacial reaction *** to the sluggishness of cO2,the formation of a solvation electric layer by anions （F-,cl-,Br-,and I-） and cations (Na+,Mg2+,K+,and ca2+) leads to electron transfer towards the cu *** process significantly accelerates the reduction of *** results reveal that*cO intermediates play a pivotal role in N-integrated ***,the cu2-based N-doped carbon catalyst examined in this study has demonstrated the most potential for c–N coupling to *** findings reveal that through the process of a condensation reaction between*cO and NH2OH for urea synthesis,*NO3-is reduced to*NH3,and*cO2to*ccO at dual cu atom *** dual-site reduction facilitates the synthesis of acetamide through a nucleophilic reaction between NH3and the ketene ***,we found that the I-and Mg2+ions,influenced by pH,were highly effective for acetamide and ammonia synthesis,except when F-and ca2+were ***,the mechanisms of c–N bond formation were investigated via ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations,and we found that adjusting the micro-environment can change the dominant side reaction,shift

关键词： condensation reactions

Advancements and challenges in Organic–Inorganic composite Solid Electrolytes for All‑Solid‑State Lithium Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 46-97页

作者： Xueyan zhang Shichao cheng chuankai Fu Geping Yin Liguang Wang Yongmin wu Hua Huo State Key Laboratory of Space Power‑Sources School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China college of chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources 2965 Dongchuan RoadMinhang DistrictShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

To address the limitations of contemporary lithium-ion batteries,particularly their low energy density and safety concerns,all-solid-state lithium batteries equipped with solid-state electrolytes have been identified as an up-and-coming *** the various SEs,organic–inorganic composite solid electrolytes(OIcSEs)that combine the advantages of both polymer and inorganic materials demonstrate promising potential for large-scale ***,OIcSEs still face many challenges in practical applications,such as low ionic conductivity and poor interfacial stability,which severely limit their *** review provides a comprehensive overview of recent research advancements in ***,the influence of inorganic fillers on the main functional parameters of OIcSEs,including ionic conductivity,Li+transfer number,mechanical strength,electrochemical stability,electronic conductivity,and thermal stability are systematically *** lithium-ion conduction mechanism of OIcSE is thoroughly analyzed and concluded from the microscopic ***,the classic inorganic filler types,including both inert and active fillers,are categorized with special emphasis on the relationship between inorganic filler structure design and the electrochemical performance of ***,the advanced characterization techniques relevant to OIcSEs are summarized,and the challenges and perspectives on the future development of OIcSEs are also highlighted for constructing superior ASSLBs.

关键词： composite solid electrolytes Inorganic filler Interfacial stability Li-ion conduction mechanism characterization techniques