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Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Behaviours of Non-Polar Droplets Merging and Interactions with Hydrophobic Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2008年第4期5卷 271-281页

作者： y.y. yan c.y. Ji School of the Built Environment University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK

This paper presents a molecular dynamics simulation of the behaviours of non-polar droplets merging and also the fluid molecules interacting with a hydrophobic surface. Such behaviours and transport phenomena are popular in general microchannel flow boiling and two-phase flow. The droplets are assumed to be composed of Lennards-Jones type molecules. Periodic boundary conditions are applied in three coordinate directions of a 3-D system, where there exist two liquid droplets and their vapour. The two droplets merge when they come within the prescribed small distance. The merging of two droplets apart from each other at different initial distances is tested and the possible larger （or critical） non-dimensional distance, in which droplets merging can occur, is discussed. The evolution of the merging process is simulated numerically by employing the Molecular Dynamics （MD） method. For interactions with hydrophobic solid wall, a system with fluid confined between two walls is used to study the wetting phenomena of fluid and solid wall. The results are compared with those of hydrophilic wall to show the unique characteristics of hydrophobic interactions by microscopic methods.

关键词： molecular dynamics simulation mist flow droplets merging hydrophobic wetting

Inflammatory Factor IL1αInduces Aberrant Astrocyte Proliferation in Spinal cord Injury Through the Grin2c/ca^(2+)/caMK2b Pathway

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第4期40卷 421-438页

作者： yu Xia Lu Ding changlin Zhang Qi Xu Ming Shi Tianshun Gao Feng-Quan Zhou David y.B.Deng Scientific Research center The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518107China Department of Gynecology The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518107China Pelvic Floor Disorders center The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518107China Big Data center The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518107China Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310016China Orthopaedic and Neurological Repair center The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518107China

Spinal cord injury(ScI)is one of the most devastating traumas,and the aberrant proliferation of astrocytes usually causes neurological ***,the mechanism underlying astrocyte over-proliferation after ScI is ***2c(glutamate ionotropic receptor type 2c)plays an essential role in cell *** bioinformatic analysis indicated that Grin2c and ca^(2+)transport functions were inhibited in astrocytes after *** of Grin2c stimulated astrocyte proliferation by inhibiting the ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2b(caMK2b)pathway in *** screening different inflammatory factors,interleukin 1α(IL1α)was further found to inhibit Grin2c/ca^(2+)/caMK2b and enhance astrocyte proliferation in an oxidative damage *** of IL1αusing neutralizing antibody resulted in increased Grin2c expression and the inhibition of astrocyte proliferation ***,this study suggests that IL1αpromotes astrocyte proliferation by suppressing the Grin2c/ca^(2+)/caMK2b pathway after ScI,revealing a novel pathological mechanism of astrocyte proliferation,and may provide potential targets for ScI repair.

关键词： IL1α Grin2c Astrocyte Spinal cord injury

Recent innovations in laser additive manufacturing of titanium alloys

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 2-37页

作者： Jinlong Su Fulin Jiang Jie Teng Lequn chen Ming yan Guillermo Requena Lai-chang Zhang y Morris Wang Ilya V Okulov Hongmei Zhu chaolin Tan college of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082People’s Republic of China Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology(SIM Tech) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A∗STAR)5 Cleantech LoopSingapore 636732Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Institute of Materials Research German Aerospace Center(DLR)Linder Höhe51147 CologneGermany centre for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Edith Cowan University270 Joondalup DriveJoondalupPerthWestern Australia 6027Australia Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 900095United States of America Leibniz Institute for Materials Engineering-IWT Badgasteiner Str.328359 BremenGermany Faculty of Production Engineering University of BremenBadgasteiner Str.128359 BremenGermany Key Laboratory of Hunan Province of Equipment Safety Service Technology under Extreme Environment University of South ChinaHengyangPeople’s Republic of China RWTH Aachen University Metallic Structures and Materials Systems for Aerospace EngineeringD-52062 AachenGermany

Titanium(Ti)alloys are widely used in high-tech fields like aerospace and biomedical *** additive manufacturing(LAM),as an innovative technology,is the key driver for the development of Ti *** the significant advancements in LAM of Ti alloys,there remain challenges that need further research and development *** recap the potential of LAM high-performance Ti alloy,this article systematically reviews LAM Ti alloys with up-to-date information on process,materials,and *** feasible solutions to advance LAM Ti alloys are reviewed,including intelligent process parameters optimization,LAM process innovation with auxiliary fields and novel Ti alloys customization for *** auxiliary energy fields(***,acoustic,mechanical deformation and magnetic fields)can affect the melt pool dynamics and solidification behaviour during LAM of Ti alloys,altering microstructures and mechanical *** kinds of novel Ti alloys customized for LAM,like peritecticα-Ti,eutectoid(α+β)-Ti,hybrid(α+β)-Ti,isomorphousβ-Ti and eutecticβ-Ti alloys are reviewed in ***,machine learning in accelerating the LAM process optimization and new materials development is also *** review summarizes the material properties and performance envelops and benchmarks the research achievements in LAM of Ti *** addition,the perspectives and further trends in LAM of Ti alloys are also highlighted.

关键词： additive manufacturing titanium alloys auxiliary field machine learning aerospace materials lightweight materials novel alloys

由超拍电子伏特加速器产生的超高能伽马射线气泡

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 449-457页

作者： LHAASO collaboration Zhen cao chuandong Gao cong Li Ruo-yu Liu Ruizhi yang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&computing center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU cosmic Ray Research center ChengduChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Science and Technology of china Hefei 230026China

We report the detection of aγ-ray bubble spanning at least 100deg2 in ultra-high energy(UHE)up to a few PeV in the direction of the star-forming region cygnus X,implying the presence super PeVatron(s)accelerating protons to at least 10 PeV.A log-parabola form with the photon indexΓ(E)=(2.71±0.02)+(0.11±0.02)×log10(E/10 TeV)is found fitting the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the bubble *** sources,“hot spots”correlated with very massive molecular clouds,and a quasi-spherical amorphousγ-ray emitter with a sharp central brightening are observed in the *** the core of~0.5°,spatially associating with a region containing massive OB association(cygnus OB2)and a microquasar(cygnus X-3),as well as previously reported multi-TeV sources,an enhanced concentration of UHEγ-rays is observed with 2 photons at energies above 1 *** general feature of the bubble,the morphology,and the energy spectrum,are reasonably reproduced by the assumption of a particle accelerator in the core,continuously injecting protons into the ambient medium.

关键词： cosmic rays γ-rays Interstellar medium Star cluster

Gustatory responsiveness in Vespula germanica workers:exploring the interplay between sensory perception and task specialization

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 587-598页

作者： Analia Mattiacci carolina Mengoni Gonalons MaitéMasciocchi Juan c.corley Grupo de Ecologia de Poblaciones de Insectos IFAB(CONICETINTA EEA Bariloche)BarilocheArgentina Departamento de Ecologia Centro Regional Universitario BarilocheUniversidad Nacional Del ComahueBarilocheArgentina Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biologia Experimental Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Workers'task specialization and division of labor are critical features of social insects'ecological *** has been proposed that the division of labor relies on response threshold models:individuals varying their sensitivity(and responsiveness)to biologically relevant stimuli and performing a specific task when a stimulus exceeds an internal *** this work,we study carbohydrate and protein responsiveness and their relation to worker task specialization in Vespula germanica,an invasive social *** sucrose and peptone responsiveness of two different subcastes,preforagers and foragers,was determined by stimulating the antenna of the wasps with increasing concentrations of the solution and quantifying whether each concentration elicited a licking *** studied responsiveness in five different ways:(1)response threshold,(2)concentration 50(concentration to which at least 50%of wasps responded),(3)maximum response,(4)mean scores and(5)median *** results suggest that V germanica foragers are more sensitive to sucrose(lower thresholds)than preforager ***,we found no differences for peptone thresholds(i.e.,a protein resource).Nonetheless,this is the first study to investigate response thresholds for protein *** intercaste variation in sucrose responsiveness shown in our work contributes to the existing knowledge about response threshold theory as a mechanism for task specialization observed in V germanica.

关键词： carbohydrates responsiveness division of labor protein responsiveness response thresholds models social insect yellow jacket

风化过程中铼和硒的活动性及其对化石有机碳风化的指示

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第3期54卷 760-770页

作者：张玉红汪进曲远馨朱超金章东中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室西安710061 中国科学院大学北京100049 西安地球环境创新研究院西安710061 西安交通大学全球环境变化研究院西安710049

化石有机碳风化是地质时间尺度上重要的碳源,对全球碳循环和气候变化具有重要影响,但如何量化一直是个挑战.河水铼(Re)含量的变化被认为具有示踪流域化石有机碳风化强度的潜力,然而Re的来源及其与化石有机碳风化之间的关系还知之甚少.... 详细信息

化石有机碳风化是地质时间尺度上重要的碳源,对全球碳循环和气候变化具有重要影响,但如何量化一直是个挑战.河水铼(Re)含量的变化被认为具有示踪流域化石有机碳风化强度的潜力,然而Re的来源及其与化石有机碳风化之间的关系还知之甚少.为了更好地认识这一指标的有效性,本文选择重庆市城口县下寒武统水井沱组页岩风化剖面为研究对象,通过元素含量、逐级提取实验等分析,探讨页岩风化序列中Re和硒(Se)的活动性及其与化石有机碳风化的关系.结果表明,化学蚀变指数(cIA)从基岩到风化层逐步升高,指示增强的风化强度.根据逐级提取实验和质量迁移系数(τ)的变化发现,页岩中的Re和Se主要赋存于有机质相,风化过程中与化石有机碳同步流失,而与页岩中的硫化物矿物氧化无明显相关;风化过程中Re和Se不同的地球化学行为导致其与化石有机碳非等量流失.本研究支持Re作为示踪化石有机碳风化的指标,而Se是示踪化石有机碳风化的潜在指标.未来需要不同类型沉积岩剖面与流域相结合的研究,明确河水Re和Se的来源及其与流域化石有机碳风化之间的关系.

关键词： Re和Se 页岩活动性化石有机碳化学风化

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Ibuprofen-Induced Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis:A case Report

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第2期7卷 108-110页

作者： Nevin Kannappilly Mohamed Z.Peediyakkal Mohamad y.Khatib Dore c.Ananthegowda Moustafa S.Elshafei Hani El Zeer Karimulla S.Shaik Moayad M.AlFayoumi Dyaneshwar P.Mutkule Ahmed A.Soliman Abdulqadir J.Nashwan critical care Department Hamad Medical Corporation(HMC)Doha 3050Qatar

Introduction:Toxic epidermal necrolysis(TEN)is a medical emergency that most commonly occurs as an adverse effect of certain ***,we describe a case of a 41-year-old man with no comorbid illness who developed *** presentation:The patient had been prescribed ibuprofen for myalgia and developed skin lesions after the single *** lesions were erythematous papules and macules distributed all over the body after ibuprofen *** was diagnosed based on the patient’s clinical presentation and laboratory *** was treated with intravenous dexamethasone,intravenous immunoglobulin,and *** dressing changes and skin care was done with saline,chlorhexidine,and liquid *** patient was intubated and tracheostomized,and he gradually improved and ***,he developed septicemia in the intensive care unit and was treated ***:The management of TEN includes cessation of the causative cause,multidisciplinary intensive care unit(IcU)care,prevention and early detection of sepsis,fluid and electrolyte balance,adequate analgesia and temperature control,proper organ support,aggressive nutritional management,and good psychological *** pharmacological therapy for TEN includes corticosteroids,intravenous immunoglobulin,and *** key elements of management are aseptic care and proper dressing of the ***:TEN is associated with high mortality if not managed in a systemic and protocolized way.

关键词： ibuprofen toxic epidermal necrolysis erythema drug-induced erythema

cyclic stress-controlled tests on offshore clay

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第2期9卷 376-381页

作者： S.y. Thian c.y. Lee Department of civil Engineering Jalan Ikram-UnitenUniversiti Tenaga NasionalKajang43000Malaysia

One of the main concerns in cyclic behavior of soft clay is gradual degradation with the progression of loading cycle.A series of cyclic constant-volume direct simple shear(cDSS) loading tests was performed on Malaysia offshore clay to study its undrained *** testing program consists of stresscontrolled tests with cyclic shear ratio ranging from 0.34 to 0.83 at different overconsolidation ratios(OcRs).For a given cyclic stress ratio in stress-controlled tests,the accumulated cyclic strain and pore water pressure increase with elevated number of *** heavily overconsolidated clay specimens,the negative cyclic pore water pressure is generated followed by positive cyclic pore water pressure as cyclic tests *** post-cyclic strength of offshore clay specimens is reduced by undrained cyclic stresscontrolled loading.

关键词： Offshore clay cyclic degradation Undrained cyclic loading Shear strength Pore pressure Overconsolidation ratio(OcR)

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全球变暖与城市

气候变化研究进展 2024年第4期20卷 504-508页

作者：赵宗慈罗勇黄建斌清华大学地球系统科学系中国气象局国家气候中心中国科学院大学资源环境学院

城市(city)、城镇（town）和都市（urban）都是城市的考虑范围。城市的界定是一个复杂的问题，直到目前为止，没有一个确定城市边界的国际标准。一般以大量人居住与生活和工作的地方，政府、商业与运输的枢纽为城市，考虑“城市本身”...

城市(city)、城镇（town）和都市（urban）都是城市的考虑范围。城市的界定是一个复杂的问题，直到目前为止，没有一个确定城市边界的国际标准。一般以大量人居住与生活和工作的地方，政府、商业与运输的枢纽为城市，考虑“城市本身”“城市聚集”“大城市区”等作为界定。世界上超过一半人口生活在城市，处在气候变化的前沿。

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