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DOTS-Plus实施后1995-2000年香港地区结核分枝杆菌的二线药物敏感性监测

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结核与肺部疾病杂志 2005年第1期8卷 22-27页

作者： K.M.Kam c.w.yip 张宗德 Public Health Laboratory centre Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China

目的:确定有抗结核治疗史病人在实施“DOTS-Plus”项目后结核分枝杆菌对二线抗结核药物敏感性的变化趋势。方法:对结核分枝杆菌中心实验室过去8年间的全部培养阳性病例的记录进行回顾性调查。药敏试验使用绝对浓度法。对于有抗结核治疗... 详细信息

目的:确定有抗结核治疗史病人在实施“DOTS-Plus”项目后结核分枝杆菌对二线抗结核药物敏感性的变化趋势。方法:对结核分枝杆菌中心实验室过去8年间的全部培养阳性病例的记录进行回顾性调查。药敏试验使用绝对浓度法。对于有抗结核治疗史病人的分离株进一步分析其对一线和二线抗结核药物敏感性变化趋势。结果:在1921例有抗结核治疗史的培阳病人中,1425例(74.2%)对所有4种一线药物均敏感,而176例(9.2%)为耐多药(MDR-TB)。MDR-TB组中,101例(57.4%)对所有二线药物均敏感,而30例(17.0%)对3种及3种以上二线药物耐药。结论:在实施DOTS-Plus项目的情况下,由于严格控制二线抗结核药物的使用,因此复治病例中的MDR-TB比例比较低,在DOTS-Plus执行较好的人群中未见超强耐药株产生。鉴于大多数复治病例仍敏感并且存在较好的MDR实验室检测支持情况下,一线抗结核药用于复治是可行的。

关键词：结核分枝杆菌 1995-2000年二线药物敏感性监测香港地区抗结核药物 MDR-TB 药物敏感性回顾性调查中心实验室绝对浓度法敏感性变化实验室检测治疗史阳性病例药敏试验一线药物分离株耐多药复治耐药株项目

香港实施DOT后(1986-1999)结核分支杆菌的耐药性监测

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2002年第3期 92-99页

作者： K.M.Kam c.w.yip 贺晓新 Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Yung Fung Shee Memorial Center Department of Health Hong Kong

目的:了解香港1986-1999年间不同年龄组结核病流行病学,尤其是耐药率的变化趋势。设计:在香港某结核病中心实验室连续收集了临床结核分支杆菌对链霉素(SM)、异烟肼(INH)、利福平(RMP),以及对乙胺丁醇(EMB)的药物敏感性检测数据。测量... 详细信息

目的:了解香港1986-1999年间不同年龄组结核病流行病学,尤其是耐药率的变化趋势。设计:在香港某结核病中心实验室连续收集了临床结核分支杆菌对链霉素(SM)、异烟肼(INH)、利福平(RMP),以及对乙胺丁醇(EMB)的药物敏感性检测数据。测量并分析了新发病例和复治病例中诸如年龄性别以及耐药率等流行病学参数的时间变化趋势。结果:在分离于新发病例的48924株非复制分支杆菌中,7045株(14.4％)对一种或一种以上药物耐受,5773株(11.8％)对SM和/或INH耐药,881株(1.8％)为耐多药株(MDR-TB)。在分离于复治病例的3857株分支杆菌中,1176株(30.5％)对一种或一种以上的药物耐受,616株(16.0％)对SM和/或INH耐药,467株(12.1％)为耐多药株(MDR-TB)。在新发病例的分支杆菌中,总和耐药率、SM单耐药率、INH单耐药率、SM+INH耐药率以及INH+RMP耐药率均表现出明显下降趋势。对于复治病例的分支杆菌中,也观察到了总和耐药率和INH+RMP耐药率的明显下降趋势。无论是在新发病例还是在复治病例,与其他年龄组相比(16-34岁和35-65岁),65岁以上病人分支杆菌的耐药率(总和耐药率和INH+RMP耐药率)明显低于其他年龄组(16-34和35-65岁组)。结论:经过14年成功实施DOTS策略,以实验室检测数据为基础的监测结果显示分支杆菌的耐药率包括MDR率?

关键词：结核病耐药流行病学香港

结核病实验室常规工作中收集的碱性复红质量差异

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2010年第1期5卷 10-13页

作者： c.w.yip K.M.Kam 姜广路刘宇红 Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Centre for Health ProtectionDepartment of Health

背景:从10个不同的常规开展抗酸菌涂片显微镜检查的实验室,收集了正在使用中的碱性复红样本。目的:检查碱性复红染色液组份的差异。方法:首先使用分光光度计在547nm处检测吸光度,以确定碱性复红浓度。再用高效液相色谱分离和定量4种复... 详细信息

背景:从10个不同的常规开展抗酸菌涂片显微镜检查的实验室,收集了正在使用中的碱性复红样本。目的:检查碱性复红染色液组份的差异。方法:首先使用分光光度计在547nm处检测吸光度,以确定碱性复红浓度。再用高效液相色谱分离和定量4种复红的同系物:副品红碱(pararosaniline)、蔷薇苯胺(rosaniline)、品红Ⅱ(magentaⅡ)和新品红(new fuchsin),然后通过质谱(mass spectrometry)鉴定。结果:吸光度方法测量显示10个样本中有3个(30%)碱性复红含量不足(<70%)。发现各样本的组份及其所占比例差异很大。结论:在不同实验室的样本中,蔷薇苯胺+新品红的相对丰度十分稳定。吸光度法和高效液相/质谱对监测碱性复红质量是必要、敏感的方法。

关键词：碱性复红质量 HPLc 分光光度法

characterization of Fe_3O_4/P(St-MPEO) Amphiphilic Magnetic Polymer Microspheres

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chemical Research in chinese Universities 2002年第4期18卷 458-461页

作者： cHAN ALBERT S. c. yip c. w. Open Laboratory of chirotechnology and Department of Applied Biology and chemical Technology Open Laboratory of Chirotechnology and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong P. R. ChinaHong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong P. R. China

Amphiphilic magnetic microspheres consisting of styrene and poly(ethylene oxide) macromonomer(MPEO) were prepared by dispersion copolymerization in the presence of Fe_3O_4 magnetic fluid in an ethanol/water medium. The sizes of the magnetic microspheres and their distribution were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The surface morphology and the average surface roughness of the microspheres were investigated by virtue of atomic force microscopy(AFM). It was found that the microspheres exhibit microscopic phase-separate and the mean square surface roughness of the microspheres increases with increasing MPEO used in the copolymerization. The amphiphilic magnetic microspheres containing 0 4-3 5 mg/g hydroxyl groups could be prepared from MPEO with different concentrations and styrene.

关键词： Amphiphilic magnetic polymer Microsphere copolymerization

Status and prospects for symmetric organic redox flow batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： Md Al Raihan c.Adam Dyker Department of chemistry University of New Brunswick

As environmental concerns from fossil fuel consumption intensify, large-scale energy storage becomes imperative for the integration of renewable sources like wind, hydro, and solar with the electrical *** flow batteries, particularly those employing organic molecules, are positioned as a key technology for this purpose. This review explores the growing field of symmetric organic redox flow batteries(ORFBs) within this context. Unlike traditional asymmetric designs based on unique active materials for each electrode, symmetric ORFBs involve a single bipolar species for both electrodes. This review highlights the benefits of a symmetric design, and categorizes five distinct classes of organic bipolar molecules used in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. By providing a comprehensive overview of their cell cycling and performance characteristics, the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse categories of bipolar molecules are highlighted for both solvent systems, as are opportunities for future development. This should guide new research directions and advance the development of practical symmetric ORFBs.

关键词： Redox flow battery Symmetric battery Organic battery Aqueous electrolyte Non-aqueous electrolyte

A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon c.Daeschler Katelyn J.w.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny cheung Jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

A novel method for clustering cellular data to improve classification

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2697-2705页

作者： Diek w.wheeler Giorgio A.Ascoli center for Neural Informatics Structures&PlasticityKrasnow Institute for Advanced Study Bioengineering Department Volgenau School of Engineering George Mason University FairfaxVAUSA

Many fields,such as neuroscience,are experiencing the vast prolife ration of cellular data,underscoring the need fo r organizing and interpreting large datasets.A popular approach partitions data into manageable subsets via hierarchical clustering,but objective methods to determine the appropriate classification granularity are *** recently introduced a technique to systematically identify when to stop subdividing clusters based on the fundamental principle that cells must differ more between than within *** we present the corresponding protocol to classify cellular datasets by combining datadriven unsupervised hierarchical clustering with statistical *** general-purpose functions are applicable to any cellular dataset that can be organized as two-dimensional matrices of numerical values,including molecula r,physiological,and anatomical *** demonstrate the protocol using cellular data from the Janelia MouseLight project to chara cterize morphological aspects of neurons.

关键词： cellular data clustering dendrogram data classification Levene's one-tailed statistical test unsupervised hierarchical clustering

Better Use of Data to Define Nutrition Priority and Action

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2001年第1期14卷 61-65页

作者： RAY yip Senior Adviser Health Nutrition UNICEF Area Office for China and Mongolia

Nutrition and dietary survey data has been useful in defining the magnitude of malnutrition and dietary deficit. Such information has been helpful in gaining attention to support or to do more to improve nutrition advocacy. However, there are also greater opportunities to use the common data to guide the program action. In summary, we have plenty of good nutrition and dietary information available to us in the planning and operation of nutrition intervention program. If we go beyond the use of data to justify area or subject of engagement, we can also use the same data for more efficient and more effective program without additional cost to us.

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Genistein:a possible solution for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2903-2905页

作者： Karolina Pierzynowska Bartosz Karaszewski Grzegorz węgrzyn Department of Molecular Biology University of GdanskGdanskPoland Gdansk Polandand Department of Adult NeurologyFaculty of MedicineMedical University of GdanskGdanskPoland

Neurodegenerative diseases are defined as disorders resulting from the slow and progressive loss of function and eventual death of neural cells that result from the primary pathology of nervous *** can lead to severe nervous system dysfunction,eventually affecting multiple organs and *** hundred neurodegenerative diseases have been described,and owing to their prevalence,severity.

关键词： organs Alzheimer death