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Learning physically based material and lighting decompositions for face editing

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computational Visual Media 2024年第2期10卷 295-308页

作者： Qian Zhang vikas Thamizharasan James Tompkin Brown University ProvidenceRhode Island 02906USA

Lighting is crucial for portrait photography,yet the complex interactions between the skin and incident light are expensive to model computationally in graphics and difficult to reconstruct analytically via computer ***,to allow fast and controllable reflectance and lighting editing,we developed a physically based decomposition through deep learned priors from path-traced portrait *** approaches that used simplified material models or low-frequency or low-dynamic-range lighting struggled to model specular reflections or relight directly without intermediate ***,we estimate the surface normal,skin albedo and roughness,and high-frequency HDRI maps,and propose an architecture to estimate both diffuse and specular reflectance *** our experiments,we show that this approach can represent the true appearance function more effectively than simpler baseline methods,leading to better generalization and higher-quality editing.

关键词： intrinsic decomposition portrait relighting inverse rendering deep learning

Space–time finite element method with domain reduction techniques for dynamic soil–structure interaction problems

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International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics 2024年第2期4卷 117-130页

作者： vikas Sharma Shion Shimizu Kazunori Fujisawa Division of Environmental Science and Technology Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan

Design of earth structures,such as dams,tunnels,and embankments,against the vibrational loading caused by high-speed trains,road traffic,underground explosions,and,more importantly,earthquake motion,demands solutions of the dynamic soil–structure Interaction(SSI)*** paper presents a velocity-based space–time finite element procedure,v-ST/finite element method(FEM),to solve dynamic SSI *** main goal of this study is to present the computation details of implementing viscous boundary conditions of Lysmer–Kuhlemeyer to truncate the unbounded soil ***,additional time-dependent boundary conditions,in terms of the free-field response,are included to facilitate energy flow from the far field to the computation domain at the vertical truncated *** the FEM,seismic input motion is applied to an effective nodal force vector,which can be obtained explicitly in the numerical ***,the response of a concrete gravity dam resting on an elastic half-space to the horizontal component of earthquake motion is computed and successfully compared with the results of semidiscrete FEM using the Newmark-βmethod.

关键词： absorbing boundary domain reduction FEM soil-structure interactions space-time

EPASAD:ellipsoid decision boundary based Process-Aware Stealthy Attack Detector

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cybersecurity 2024年第3期7卷 32-48页

作者： vikas Maurya Rachit Agarwal Saurabh Kumar Sandeep Shukla Department of computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurkanpurIndia Merkle Science BangaloreIndia

Due to the importance of critical Infrastructure(cl)in a nation's economy,they have been lucrative targets for cyber *** critical infrastructures are usually cyber-Physical Systems such as power grids,water,and sewage treatment facilities,oil and gas pipelines,*** recent times,these systems have suffered from cyber attacks numer-ous *** have been developing cyber security solutions for cls to avoid lasting *** to standard frameworks,cyber security based on identification,protection,detection,response,and recovery are at the core of these *** of an ongoing attack that escapes standard protection such as firewall,anti-virus,and host/network intrusion detection has gained importance as such attacks eventually affect the physical dynamics of the ***,anomaly detection in physical dynamics proves an effective means to implement *** is one example of anomaly detection in the sensor/actuator data,representing such systems physical *** present EPASAD,which improves the detection technique used in PASAD to detect these micro-stealthy attacks,as our experiments show that PASAD's spherical boundary-based detection fails to *** method EPASAD overcomes this by using Ellipsoid boundaries,thereby tightening the boundaries in various dimen-sions,whereas a spherical boundary treats all dimensions *** validate EPASAD using the dataset produced by the TE-process simulator and the c-town *** results show that EPASAD improves PASAD's average recall by 5.8%and 9.5%for the two datasets,respectively.

关键词： Intrusion detection system critical infrastructure security Industrial control system Machine learning

cryogenic and conventional milling of AZ91 magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2503-2519页

作者： vikas Marakini Srinivasa Pai P Gururaj Bolar Bhaskara P Achar Department of Mechanical Engineering Nitte(Deemed to be University)NMAM Institute of Technology(NMAMIT)Nitte 574110India Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104India

Use of magnesium is the need of the hour due to its low density as well as its high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratio *** study focuses on the effectiveness of liquid nitrogen(LN_(2))assisted cryogenic machining on the surface integrity(SI)characteristics of AZ91 magnesium *** milling using uncoated carbide inserts have been performed under liquid nitrogen(LN_(2))assisted cryogenic condition and compared with conventional(dry)*** are performed using machining parameters in terms of cutting speeds of 325,475,625 m/min,feed rates of 0.05,0.1,0.15 mm/teeth and depth of cuts of 0.5,1,1.5 mm *** significant surface integrity characteristics such as surface roughness,microhardness,microstructure,and residual stresses have been *** of SI characteristics with respect to milling parameters have been identified using statistical technique such as ANOVA and signal-to-noise(S/N)ratio ***,the multi criteria decision making(McDM)techniques such as additive ratio assessment method(ARAS)and complex proportional assessment(cOPRAS)have been utilized to identify the optimal conditions for milling AZ91 magnesium alloy under both dry and cryogenic *** of LN_(2)during machining,resulted in reduction in machining temperature by upto 29%with a temperature drop from 251.2℃under dry condition to 178.5℃in cryogenic *** showed the advantage of performing cryogenic milling in improving the surface integrity to a significant *** machining considerably minimized the roughness by upto 28%and maximised the microhardness by upto 23%,when compared to dry *** speed has caused significant impact on surface roughness(95.33%-dry,92.92%-cryogenic)and surface microhardness(80.33%-dry,82.15%-cryogenic).Due to the reduction in machining temperature,cryogenic condition resulted in compressive residual stresses(maximumσ║=-113 MPa)on the alloy *** indicate no

关键词： Magnesium alloy cryogenic machining Roughness Microhardness Microstructure Residual stress Multi criteria decision making

Federated Learning on Internet of Things:Extensive and Systematic Review

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computers, Materials & continua 2024年第5期79卷 1795-1834页

作者： Meenakshi Aggarwal vikas Khullar Sunita Rani Thomas AndréProla Shyama Barna Bhattacharjee Sarowar Morshed Shawon Nitin Goyal chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityRajpuraPunjab140401India Department of cSE&IT BPS Mahila VishwavidyalayaKhanpur KalanSonipatHaryana131305India Engineering Research&Innovation Group Universidad Europea del AtlánticoC/Isabel Torres 21Santander39011Spain Department of Project Management Universidad Internacional IberoamericanaAreciboPR00613USA Department of Project Management Universidade Internacional do CuanzaEstrada Nacional 250Bairro KaluapandaCuito-BiéAngola Department of computer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Chittagong(USTC)Chattogram4202Bangladesh Deptartment of EEE University of Science and Technology Chittagong(USTC)Chattogram4202Bangladesh Department of computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and TechnologyCentral University of HaryanaMahendragarhHaryana123031India

The proliferation of IoT devices requires innovative approaches to gaining insights while preserving privacy and resources amid unprecedented data ***,FL development for IoT is still in its infancy and needs to be explored in various areas to understand the key challenges for deployment in real-world *** paper systematically reviewed the available literature using the PRISMA guiding *** study aims to provide a detailed overview of the increasing use of FL in IoT networks,including the architecture and challenges.A systematic review approach is used to collect,categorize and analyze FL-IoT-based *** was performed in the IEEE,Elsevier,Arxiv,AcM,and WOS databases and 92 articles were finally *** measures were published in English and with the keywords“FL”and“IoT”.The methodology begins with an overview of recent advances in FL and the IoT,followed by a discussion of how these two technologies can be *** be more specific,we examine and evaluate the capabilities of FL by talking about communication protocols,frameworks and *** then present a comprehensive analysis of the use of FL in a number of key IoT applications,including smart healthcare,smart transportation,smart cities,smart industry,smart finance,and smart *** key findings from this analysis of FL IoT services and applications are also ***,we performed a comparative analysis with FL IID(independent and identical data)and non-ID,traditional centralized deep learning(DL)*** concluded that FL has better performance,especially in terms of privacy protection and resource *** is excellent for preserving privacy becausemodel training takes place on individual devices or edge nodes,eliminating the need for centralized data aggregation,which poses significant privacy *** facilitate development in this rapidly evolving field,the insights presented are intended to help practitioners and re

关键词： Internet of Things federated learning PRISMA framework of FL applications of FL data privacy communication

Physics-constrained graph modeling for building thermal dynamics

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 150-157页

作者： Ziyao Yang Amol D.Gaidhane Ján Drgoňa vikas chandan Mahantesh M.Halappanavar Frank Liu Yu cao School of Electrical Computer and Energy EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287USA Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA 99354USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37830USA

In this paper,we propose a graph model embedded with compact physical equations for modeling the thermal dynamics of *** principles of heat flow across various components in the building,such as walls and doors,fit the message-passing strategy used by Graph Neural networks(GNNs).The proposed method is to represent the multi-zone building as a graph,in which only zones are considered as nodes,and any heat flow between zones is modeled as an edge based on prior knowledge of the building ***,the thermal dynamics of these components are described by compact models in the *** are further employed to train model parameters from collected *** model training,our proposed method enforces physical constraints(e.g.,zone sizes and connections)on model parameters and propagates the penalty in the loss function of *** constraints are essential to ensure model robustness and *** evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed modeling approach on a realistic dataset with multiple *** results demonstrate a satisfactory accuracy in the prediction of multi-zone ***,we illustrate that the new model can reliably learn hidden physical parameters with incomplete data.

关键词： Physics-constrained learning Graph Neural Networks compact model Building thermal dynamics

Predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in in-hospital mortality in sepsis patients:A cross-sectional study

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Journal of Acute Disease 2024年第3期13卷 106-110页

作者： Pankaj Kumar Jain Manoj Seval vikas Meena Dinesh Kumar Meena Department of Internal Medicine Government Medical CollegeKotaIndia

Objective:To explore the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)in in-hospital mortality in sepsis ***:A prospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with *** data about the patient’s demography,medical history,general examination including pulse rate,blood pressure,etc,use of vasopressor support,need for renal replacement therapy,mechanical ventilation,outcome,and lab parameters including total lymphocyte count with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were *** parameters between survivals and non-survivals were ***:Out of 100 patients,80%were from rural *** patients were 50 to 59 years old.26 Patients were *** patients in the nonsurvivor group were older and more had a history of diabetes mellitus when compared with the survivor *** non-survivor group had a higher NLR,APAcHE栻,and SOFA ***:NLR is a readily available parameter and can be used as a good prognostic indicator for mortality in sepsis patients.

关键词： Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio Sepsis Intensive care Unit Mortality APAcHE score SOFA score

A retrospective epidemiological review of maxillofacial injuries in a tertiary care centre in Goa,India

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chinese Journal of Traumatology 2024年第5期27卷 263-271页

作者： Purva Vijay Sinai Khandeparker Trishala Bhadauria Fernandes vikas Dhupar Francis Akkara Omkar Anand Shetye Rakshit Vijay Sinai Khandeparker Goa Dental college and Hospital Bambolim 403202GoaIndia

Purpose:Trauma accounts for the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide in the present day and may rightly be called the new pandemic. The prominent nature of the face exposes it to various traumatic injuries. A timely, prompt diagnosis along with employment of correct and quick treatment greatly improves the outcome for these patients. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyse the characteristics of maxillofacial injuries over a ***:The data were collected manually from the medical records of patients who reported to the tertiary centre from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2019. All injured patients irrespective of age/gender with complete hospital records of clinical and radiographical diagnosis of maxillofacial injuries were included. The demographic data, etiology, site and type of injury, and seasonal variation were analyzed. Data were tabulated into 6 age groups (0 -7 years, 8 -18 years, 19 -35 years, 36 -40 years, 41 -59 years, and > 60 years). Five etiological factors, i.e. road traffic accidents, falls, assaults, sports-related, and occupational accidents, were further evaluated based on genders. Facial injuries were classified into 6 types: panfacial fractures, mandibular fractures (subcategorized), midface fractures (subcategorized), dentoalveolar fractures, dental injuries, and soft tissue injuries. The monthly and seasonal variation of the injuries was also charted. Data were expressed as frequency and ***:A total of 10,703 maxillofacial injuries were included from the tertiary centre from the period of 2011 -2019, including 8637 males and 2066 females, with the highest occurrence in the 19 -35 years age group. Road traffic accident was the principal etiological factor of maxillofacial injuries in both genders (80.5%), followed by falls (9.6%), assaults (8.0%), occupational accidents (1.2%), and sporting injuries (0.7%). Midface fractures accounted for 52.5% (5623 fractures), followed by mandibular fractures (38.

关键词： Maxillofacial injuries Epidemiology Fractures

Light sheet microscope scanning of biointegrated microlasers for localized refractive index sensing

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1673-1680页

作者： ROSS c.cOWIE MARcEL ScHUBERT SUPA School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK Humboldt centre for Nano and Biophotonics Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneCologneGermany

Whispering gallery mode(WGM)microlasers are highly sensitive to localized refractive index changes allowing to link their emission spectrum to various chemical,mechanical,or physical *** recently found applications in biological studies within single cells,in three-dimensional samples such as multicellular spheroids,or in ***,detailed studies of biological samples also need to account for the structural heterogeneity of tissues and live animals,therefore requiring a combination of high-resolution microscopy and laser ***,we design and construct a light sheet fluorescence microscope with a coupled spectrometer for use in microlaser studies for combined high-resolution,high-speed imaging and WGM spectral *** light sheet illumination profile and the decoupled geometry of excitation and emission hereby directly affect the lasing and sensing properties,mainly through geometric constraints and by light coupling *** demonstrate the basic working principle of microlaser spectroscopy under light sheet excitation and measure the absolute refractive index within agarose and in zebrafish tail muscle *** further analyze the light coupling conditions that lead to the occurrence of two separate oscillation *** so-called cross modes can be scanned around the entire microlaser surface,which allows to estimate a surface-averaged refractive index profile of the microlaser environment.

关键词： refractive index excitation