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Microstructures and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline NiTi intermetallics formed by mechanosynthesis

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第1期25卷 80-87页

作者： S.Arunkumar P.Kumaravel c.velmurugan V.Senthilkumar Vinayaka Mission's Kimpananda Variyar Engineering college Salem 636308TamilnaduIndia Institute of Road and Transport Technology Erode 638316TamilnaduIndia National Institute of Technology Trichy 620015TamilnaduIndia

The formulation of nanocrystallinc NiTi shape memory alloys has potential effects in mechanical stimulation and medical im- plantology. The present work elucidates the effect of milling time on the product＇s structural characteristics, chemical composition, and mi- crohardness for NiTi synthesized by mechanical alloying for different milling durations. Increasing the milling duration led to the formation of a nanocrystalline NiTi intermetallic at a higher level. The formation of nanocrystalline materials was directed through cold fusion, fractur- ing, and the development of a steady state, which were influenced by the accumulation of strain energy. In the morphological study, uninter- rupted cold diffusion and fracturing were visualized using transmission electron microscopy. Particle size analysis revealed that the mean particle size was reduced to -93 μm after 20 h of milling. The mechanical strength was enhanced by the formation of a nanocrystalline in- termetallic phase at longer milling time, which was confirmed by the results of Vickers hardness analyses.

关键词： nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice strain nano-crystalline mechanical alloying microstructural characterization

correlation of field and experimental test data of wear in heavy commercial vehicle brake liners

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Friction 2017年第1期5卷 56-65页

作者： B.SURYA RAJAN M.A.SAI BALAJI c.velmurugan Department of Mechanical Engineering BS Abdur Rahman University Chennai 600048 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Panimalar Institute of Technology Chennai 600048 India

The correlation between the wear behavior of a heavy commercial vehicle (HcV) brake liner tested under controlled laboratory conditions and that in actual field conditions is investigated.A brake liner study for friction and wear is performed on an inertia brake dynamometer (IBD) at different temperatures (200 ℃,250 ℃,and 300 ℃) using 6000 brake actuations in a *** total wear loss of the brake liner at three different temperatures for 6000 brake actuations in IBD is found to be 1.12 *** actual field test is conducted on four different HcVs,namely,a city bus (cB),a high speed bus (HSB),a highway truck (HWT),and a tipper lorry (TL).These HcVs run at different terrain/traffic conditions and load *** comparing the predicted life of the brake liner through the IBD test with the actual life of the brake liner in different HcVs,a vast difference is *** to the large variation of liner life observed between the actual and predicted tests,an extensive field test is *** the field test,the liner with identical formulation is fitted in the four types of *** predicted life of the liner using IBD is then correlated with the field test observation and a correlation factor is *** on this correlation factor,the predicted life of the liner and the achieved life on the HcV are found to be fairly *** study will be useful to design the friction material formulation and to predict the actual life of the brake liner for various HcVs.

关键词： heavy commercial vehicle wear brake liner correlation factor inertia brake dynamometer friction

Graphene oxide/hydrotalcite modified polyethersulfone nanohybrid membrane for the treatment of lead ion from battery industrial effluent

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chinese Journal of chemical Engineering 2023年第8期60卷 253-261页

作者： Sinu Poolachira Sivasubramanian velmurugan Department of chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology CalicutCalicut 673601India

In the present study, polyethersulfone based nanohybrid membranes were effectively fabricated by incorporating graphene oxide(GO) and hydrotalcite(HT) nanosheets into the membrane structure. HT was prepared to overcome the irreversible agglomeration behavior of GO at a high concentration which affects the performance of the membranes. In particular, the shedding of HT in formamide provides a two-dimensional nanosheet with a higher positive charge density to prevent the restacking of GO nanosheets. Here, exfoliated GO and HT with different combinations(1:1, 1:2 and 1:3) were infused in the membrane matrix to treat lead-acid battery effluent effectively. Finally, the hybrid membranes were characterized for hydrophilicity, mechanical strength and pure water flux. In combination with the superior properties of GO and HT, the prepared hybrid membranes can be used as effectively to improve the separation and permeation performance. The phase inversion process eliminated the leaching of nanoparticles from the membrane matrix. The reusability of the hybrid membrane was achieved using0.1 mol·L^(-1)NaOH solution and reused without significant reduction in lead removal efficiency. The cost analysis of the membrane was also estimated from the lab study. Therefore, the present study suggested the selective and sustainable treatment of lead from a real-life effluent.

关键词： Nanohybrid membrane Polyethersulfone Graphene oxide Hydrotalcite Lead battery effluent Reusability cost analysis

In-plane and out-of-plane quasi-static compression performance enhancement of 3D printed re-entrant diamond auxetic metamaterial with geometrical tuning and fiber reinforcement

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第7期25卷 1-17页

作者： Niranjan chikkanna Shankar Krishnapillai velmurugan Ramachandran Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras600036India Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras600036India

Auxetic materials are cellular materials with a unique property of negative Poisson’s *** auxeticity and performance of these metamaterials utterly depend on the geometrical parameters and loading *** the first time,the quasi-static uniaxial compression performance of fused filament fabricated re-entrant diamond auxetic metamaterial is evaluated in the x-direction(in-plane)and z-direction(out-of-plane).The most commonly used thermoplastic feedstock,Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene,is considered a material of *** effect of influential geometrical parameters of the re-entrant diamond structure and printing parameter is systematically studied using Taguchi’s design of ***-based multi-objective optimisation technique has been adopted to arrive at the optimal *** are made to improve the stiffness and strength of the structure with fibre *** glass fibre reinforcements have enhanced specific strength and stiffness in both in-plane and out-ofplane directions.A sevenfold and thirteen times increase in specific strength and energy absorption is evident for glass fibre-reinforced structures in out-of-plane directions compared to in-plane *** tuning of geometrical parameters of the re-entrant diamond structure can result in a Poisson’s ratio of up to-3.49 when tested in the *** parametric study has illustrated the tailorability of the structure according to the application *** statistical study has signified each considered parameter’s contribution to the compression performance characteristics of the 3D printed re-entrant diamond auxetic metamaterial.

关键词： Auxeticity Fibre reinforcement Tailorability Anisotropy Geometrical influence Property enhancement

Analyzing driver's response to yellow indication subjected to dilemma incursion under mixed traffic condition

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第1期8卷 107-116页

作者： Ramesh chandra Majhi velmurugan Senathipathi Traffic Engineering and Safety Division CSIR-Central Road Research InstituteNew Delhi 110025India

Under mixed traffic conditions prevailing on Indian roads,drivers show complex response when faced with yellow signal because lane assignment gets dynamic in *** present study analyzes the effect of surrounding vehicles on response of the drivers while facing dilemma at *** dilemma zone definitions hold true in case of homogeneous traffic mix,a statistical analysis is performed to check the consistency across the definitions under mixed traffic *** study shows a significant difference in percentage of red light running in comparison to homogeneous traffic as reported by various *** carrying out the research,study locations are chosen in such a way to reflect diversity in road geometry,traffic composition and signal *** results deduced in this study indicate a strong correlation between the driver's decision making choice and the effect of presence of surrounding vehicle at the onset of yellow *** effect of critical time analysis has been found out to be one of the parameters other than critical distance in categorizing driver's aggressiveness while facing the yellow *** the process of identifying the statistical significance of dilemma zone definitions,it has been found that under heterogeneous traffic condition,drivers behave differently as compared to homogenous traffic when it comes to dilemma *** is observed that the percentage of vehicles crossing the intersection when faced with dilemma by violating the red light is 11.6%according to dilemma zone definition I whereas the definition II has yielded about 10.8%violation covering different vehicle *** above violation figures derived based on the above definition is somewhat higher as compared to homogeneous traffic condition which is observed to be of the order of 5%-6%.

关键词： Transportation engineering Mixed traffic Dilemma Dilemma zone critical time

Eigen value analysis of composite hollow shafts using modified EMBT formulation considering the shear deformation along the thickness direction

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第10期28卷 1-12页

作者： Pavani Udatha A.S.Sekhar velmurugan R Machine Design Section Department of Mechanical EngineeringIIT MadrasChennai600036India Department of Aerospace Engineering IIT MadrasChennai600036India

composite hollow shafts are used in power transmission applications due to their high specific stiffness and high specific *** dynamic characteristics of these shafts are important for transmission *** modelling of these shafts is generally carried out using Equivalent Modulus Beam Theory(EMBT)and Layerwise Beam Theory(LBT)*** EMBT formulation is modified by considering stacking sequence,shear normal coupling,bending twisting coupling and bending stretching *** is observed that modified EMBT formulation is underestimating the shafts stiffness at lower length/mean diameter(l/dm)*** the present work,a new formulation is developed by adding shear deformation along the thickness direction to the existing modified EMBT *** variation of shear deformation along the thickness direction is found using different shear deformation theories,i.e.,first-order shear deformation theory(FSDBT),parabolic shear deformation theory(PSDBT),trigonometric shear deformation theory(TSDBT),and hyperbolic shear deformation theory(HSDBT).The analysis is performed at l/d_(m) ratios of 5,10,15,20,25,30,35,and 40 for carbon/epoxy composites,E-glass/epoxy composites,and boron/epoxy composite *** results show that new formulation has improved the bending natural frequency of the composite shafts for l/d_(m)comparison with modified *** effect of new formulation is more significant for the second and third bending modes of natural frequencies.

关键词： composite hollow shafts Bending natural frequency Modified EMBT formulation Thickness effect

Influence of Geometric Design Variable and Bone Quality on Stress Distribution for Zirconia Dental Implants-A 3D Finite Element Analysis

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computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2018年第11期117卷 125-141页

作者： Duraisamy velmurugan Masilamany Santha Alphin Department of Mechanical Engineering SSN College of EngineeringKalavakkamTamil Nadu603110India

This study aims to investigate the effects of variable thread pitch on stress distribution in bones of different bone qualities under two different loading conditions(Vertical,and Horizontal)for a Zirconia dental *** this purpose,a three dimensional finite element model of the mandibular premolar section and three single threaded implants of 0.8 mm,1.6 mm,2.4 mm pitch was *** element analysis software was used to develop the model and three different bone qualities(Type II,Type III,and Type IV)were prepared.A vertical load of 200 N,and a horizontal load of 100 N was applied at the abutment *** von-Mises stress criterion was used to analyze the *** crestal bony-region of the mandibular section was subjected to maximum von-Mises stresses for all bone *** outcome of this study indicates that,horizontal loading had more influence on stress distribution than vertical loading,regardless of the bone qualities and pitch *** the dental implant pitch does not cause any decrease in stress distribution in bone,when the bone density *** study concluded that implants with minimum pitch values induced lesser stress values at the implant-bone interface.

关键词： Bone quality finite element analysis implant stress.

Status and prospects for symmetric organic redox flow batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： Md Al Raihan c.Adam Dyker Department of chemistry University of New Brunswick

As environmental concerns from fossil fuel consumption intensify, large-scale energy storage becomes imperative for the integration of renewable sources like wind, hydro, and solar with the electrical *** flow batteries, particularly those employing organic molecules, are positioned as a key technology for this purpose. This review explores the growing field of symmetric organic redox flow batteries(ORFBs) within this context. Unlike traditional asymmetric designs based on unique active materials for each electrode, symmetric ORFBs involve a single bipolar species for both electrodes. This review highlights the benefits of a symmetric design, and categorizes five distinct classes of organic bipolar molecules used in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. By providing a comprehensive overview of their cell cycling and performance characteristics, the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse categories of bipolar molecules are highlighted for both solvent systems, as are opportunities for future development. This should guide new research directions and advance the development of practical symmetric ORFBs.

关键词： Redox flow battery Symmetric battery Organic battery Aqueous electrolyte Non-aqueous electrolyte

A Novel Dimeric BINOL for Enantioselective Recognition of 1,2-Amino Alcohols

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chinese Journal of chemistry 2014年第11期32卷 1157-1160页

作者： Krishnaswamy velmurugan Lijun Tang Raju Nandhakumar Department of chemistry Karunya UniversityKarunya NagarCoimbatore-641114TamilNaduIndia Department of chemistry Liaoning Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Functional CompoundsBohai UniversityJinzhouLiaoning 121013China

A novel auxillary chiral dimeric binol has been designed,synthesized,and used to enantioselectively recognize 1,2-amino alcohols through the three point of interactions,the reversible imine bond,resonance assisted hydrogen bonding and the hydrogen bonding by the additional chiral moiety introduced at the *** enantioselectivities were comparable to those of the previous reported receptors.

关键词： dimeric binol receptor enantioselectivity amino alcohols hydrogen bonding ^(1)H NMR