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Soil conditioning tests of clay for EPB tunnelling

Underground Space 2022年第4期7卷 483-497页

作者： c.todaro A.carigi L.Peila D.Martinelli D.Peila DIATI Polytechnic University of TurinItaly IGG CNRItaly

Tunnelling with earth pressure balance-tunnel boring machine(EPB-TBM)in clayey soil requires a careful conditioning to reduce the effect of clogging and *** the last decade,many researches have been carried out to understand how to reduce these negative behaviors using conditioning agents,and different laboratory test procedures have been proposed using both powdered clay and clay chips to quantify and assess the effect of conditioning in terms of reduction of clogging and *** this paper a review of the various proposed tests is ***,it can be seen that no unified assessment method on the soil conditioning is available and therefore the designers do not have consistent data on which their choices are *** present research proposes a laboratory test methodology to study clay conditioning taking both the behavior of chips and powdered clay into *** proposed procedure has been applied on two different clays,and the test results are presented and discussed to show how the proposed methodology could be applied.

关键词： Tunnel EPB-TBM Soil conditioning Laboratory tests

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Variant selection in additively manufactured alpha-beta titanium alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第18期113卷 14-21页

作者： S.L.Lu c.J.todaro Y.Y.Sun T.Song M.Brandt M.Qian centre for Additive Manufacturing School of Engineering RMIT University School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University

Alpha-beta(α-β)titanium alloys such as Ti-6Al-4V(wt.%,here-after the same)and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo fabricated by fusion-based additive manufacturing(AM)typically exhibit a strong columnar prior-βgrain *** columnar prior-βgrains with their001along the build direction not only lead to solidification tex-ture but also cause subsequentα-phase textures[1].The forma-tion of theseα-phase textures is a consequence of theβ→αtransformation obeying the Burgers orientation relationship(BOR)[1-5],which results in[0001]of theα-phase being orientated at about either 45°or 0°relative to the *** affect the deformation behaviour and mechanical properties[1,6].Defined by the BOR,a singleβ-phase grain can bring forth 12α-phase vari-ants[2,7],leading to significant microstructural ***α-phase variants do not form randomly in eachβ-phase ***,their formation displays specific crystallographic features,known asα-variant selection,which is common in Ti *** an extreme case,α-variant selection can lead to the formation of a singleα-phase crystal through anα→β→αtransformation cy-cle[8,9].

关键词： alloys grain transformation

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Zeolite-assisted etherification of glycerol with butanol for biodiesel oxygenated additives production

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2020年第9期29卷 136-144,I0005页

作者： c.cannilla G.Bonura S.Maisano L.Frusteri M.Migliori G.Giordano S.todaro F.Frusteri cNR-ITAE Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate per l'Energia“Nicola Giordano”Via S.Lucia 598126 MessinaItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica Chimica e Ingegneria IndustrialeUniversitàdi MessinaContrada di Dio I98166 MessinaItaly Bucci 97036 RendeItaly

This research was focused on the valorisation of glycerol,exploring the feasibility of an efficient route for oxygenated additives production based on its etherification with bio-butanol.A home-made BEA zeolite sample with a tuneable acidity has been proposed as the catalytic system,being tested in a stirred reactor under different etherification *** a reaction temperature as high as 200℃resulted to be beneficial in terms of glycerol conversion(-90%),only by operating at milder conditions the product selectivity to glycerol-ethers can be better controlled,in order to obtain a bio-fuel complying with the requirements for mixing with fossil diesel or biodiesel,without any need of purification from large amount of by-products.A comprehensive identification of all the compounds formed during the reaction was performed by a Gc-MS analysis,on the basis of the complex network of consecutive and parallel reaction paths leading not only to the desired ethers,but also to many side products not detected in similar acid-catalyzed reactions in liquid phase and not available in the most used mass-spectra libraries.

关键词： Glycerol Butanol BEA Gc-MS analysis Acid catalysts Biofuels Butyl glycerol ethers

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The characteristics of Glued Tensile Shear Strength constituted of Wood cut by cO_(2) Laser

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第8期11卷 3277-3296页

作者： Fatemeh Rezaei Milan Gaff Róbert Nemeth Jerzy Smardzewski Peter Niemz Haitao Li Anil Kumar Sethy Luigi todaro Gourav Kamboj Sumanta Das Roberto corleto Gianluca Ditommaso Miklós Bak Department of Wood Processing Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague16521Czech Republic Department of Wood Science and Engineering Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA Department of Furniture Design and Habitat BrnoMendel University in BrnoBrno61300Czech Republic Experimental centre Faculty of Civil EngineeringCzech Technical University in PraguePrague16629Czech Republic Institute of Wood Technology and Technical Sciences University of SopronSopron9400Hungary Department of Furniture Design Faculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznan60637Poland ETH Zurich Institute for Building MaterialsLulea University of TechnologyZurichCH8093Switzerland School of civil Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingChina Joint International Research Laboratory of Bio-composite BuildingMaterials and Structures Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingChina Wood Properties and Processing Institute of Wood Science and TechnologyBangalore560003India School of Agricultural Forestry Foodand Environmental ScienceUniversity of BasilicataPotenza85100Italy

The performance of engineered wood products is highly associated with proper bonding and an efﬁcient cutting *** paper investigates the inﬂuence of cO_(2) laser cutting on the wetting properties,the modiﬁed che-mical component of the laser-cut surface,and the strength and adhesive penetration near the ***-wood is cut by the laser with varying processing parameters,cutting speeds,gas pressures,and focal point *** laser-cut samples were divided into two groups,sanded and non-sanded *** acetate adhesive(PVAc)was used to bond the groups of laser-cut *** assembly with cold pressing,the tensile shear test was carried *** modelling was carried out to determine the partial elongation and shear strain of the glue *** on this,the shear modulus and linear elasticity of the glue line were ***-ning electron microscopy was used to assess the adhesive penetration into the porosity structure of the laser-cut samples,and the depth of the heat-affected *** laser-cut surface was analysed by Fourier transform infrared *** wetting properties of the laser-cut surface were investigated by using a contact angle *** numerical model of the strain-stress curve conﬁrmed the experimental *** highest modulus of the linear elasticity of the glue in the numerical calculation belongs to the joint containing laser-cut samples at a gas pressure of 21(bar).The penetration depth of PVAc adhesive into the porosity structure of the laser-cut sam-ples was similar to that of sawn *** deepest heat-affected zone in the laser-cut samples was 150µm.A PVAc drop disappeared immediately on the laser-cut surface without sanding,but gradually on the sanded *** contrast,the drop on the sawn surface remained with an angle of 32°–48°.The degradation of hemi-cellulose and lignin was proven by the lower intensity of the c=O and c-O Bonds,compared to the sawn surface.

关键词： cO_(2)laser cutting speed focal point position gas pressure glued tensile shear strength

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