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Distinct vibrational signatures and complex phase behavior in metallic oxygen

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 4-11页

作者： Philip Dalladay-simpson Bartomeu Monserrat Li Zhang Federico Gorelli center for High Pressure Science Technology Advanced Research 1690 Cailun RoadShanghai 201203China Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridge CB3 OFSUnited Kingdom cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJ.J.Thomson AvenueCambridge CB3 OHEUnited Kingdom Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR-INO)50125 FlorenceItaly Shanghai Advanced Research in Physical Sciences(SHARPS) ShanghaiChina

Evidence for metallization in dense oxygen has been reported for over 30 years[Desgreniers et al.,***.94,1117(1990)]at a now routinely accessible 95 GPa[Shimizu et al.,Nature 393,767(1998)].However,despite the longevity of this result and the technological advances since,the nature of the metallic phase remains poorly constrained[Akahama et al.,***.74,4690(1995);Goncharov et al.,***.B 68,224108(2003);Ma,***.B 76,064101(2007);and Weck et al.,***.102,255503(2009)].In this work,through Raman spectroscopy,we report the distinct vibrational characteristics of metallicζ-O_(2) from 85 to 225 *** comparison with numerical simulations,weﬁnd reasonable agreement with the candidate structure up to about 150 *** higher pressures,the c2/mstructure is found to be unstable and incompatible with experimental *** candidate structures,and ci,with c2/m c2/conly two molecules in the primitive unit cell,are found to be stable and more compatible with measurements above 175 GPa,indicative of the dissociation of(O_(2))4 ***,we report and discuss a strong hysteresis and metastability with the precursory phaseϵ-O_(2).Theseﬁndings will reinvigorate experimental and theoretical work into the dense oxygen system,which will have importance for oxygen-bearing chemistry,prevalent in the deep Earth,as well as fundamental physics.

关键词： metallic phase vibrational

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花岗质岩石的脆性-延性变形

地球与环境 1987年第3期 29-33+14页

作者： c.simpson 周频波中科院长沙大地构造所

引言长英质岩石在深断裂带中发生的脆性-延性变形常常导致糜棱岩的生成,在这种糜棱岩中,石英和云母发生延性变形,而长石则显示出脆性变形特征。一般认为,这种富石英岩石中从脆性到脆性-延性的全岩性状的转变,主

关键词：糜棱岩带变质程度闪岩绿帘石细粒变质等级区域变质岩群状硅酸盐矿物重结晶作用架状硅酸盐矿物长石超糜棱岩脆性破裂脆性变形连晶岩浆岩火成岩黑云母亚晶粒花岗质岩石绿片岩相石英二长岩石英颗粒

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作为运动学指示的碎斑体系

华北地质 1987年第4期 62-73页

作者： c.W.Passchier c.simpson 高亚东

糜棱岩中相对坚硬矿物的碎斑通常具有由重结晶物质的尾部所决定的内部单斜对称性。碎斑及其尾部称为‘碎斑体系’。它可以作为有价值的旋涡方向指示物。根据尾部的几何特征可把碎斑体系分为σ-型和δ-型。σ-型有楔形重结晶的尾部,其中... 详细信息

糜棱岩中相对坚硬矿物的碎斑通常具有由重结晶物质的尾部所决定的内部单斜对称性。碎斑及其尾部称为‘碎斑体系’。它可以作为有价值的旋涡方向指示物。根据尾部的几何特征可把碎斑体系分为σ-型和δ-型。σ-型有楔形重结晶的尾部,其中线分布在平行于尾部包含体系对称轴的参照面的两侧对边上。σ-型进一步分为σa-型,这种碎斑在相对均匀的基质中是孤零的;和σb-型,其碎斑是与基质中的剪切带叶理相伴出现。典型的σ-型有细长的重结晶的尾部,它的中线横穿邻近碎斑的参照面。接近碎斑的基质物质经常出现湾形,尾部还呈现了明显弯曲。糜棱岩中碎斑体系是与碎斑相邻其质中非共轴流动使碎斑外壳中相对弱功力重结晶颗粒集合体改变其形状而发育起来的。这一习性已在剪切箱的实验中被模拟。利用嵌入硅质油灰的刚性圆柱体周围的波动标志线进行简单剪切实验。这个实验是在不同变形速率条件下逐渐减小刚柱直径去模拟重结晶速率(R)相对变形速率(γ)的变化。R/γ比值决定发育何种碎斑体系的最重要因素之一。高R/γ值时,从碎斑流开的重结晶物质不断地被新生颗粒听补充,同时发育了楔形的σa-型尾部。低R/γ值时,相对地没有多少新生颗粒补充到变细的尾部。由于碎斑的旋转运动产生的牵引作用使尾部偏转。此外,大多数碎斑系统在低剪切应变时是σa-型或不显单斜对称,而σ-型仅在剪切应变中发育。复杂的碎斑体系以两个世代的尾部为特征。可在很多所研究的天然剪切带中见到,在模拟剪切带中由于不稳定的R/γ,也可以形成。用单个的σa-型和σ-型碎斑体系做为旋涡方向的指示物的使用条件是:体系应有一个单斜对称;基质颗粒粒度应小于碎斑的粒度;基质组构是均匀的;变形史简单以及在垂直于糜棱岩中推测的总旋涡向量的切面上进行。

关键词：超糜棱岩云母结晶物质几何特征层状硅酸盐矿物碎屑尾部组构再结晶(冶金) 重结晶剪切破裂带断裂带剪切带简单剪切运动学

cOVID-19 vaccination produces exercise-responsive SARS-coV-2 specific T-cells regardless of infection history

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 99-107页

作者： Kyle A.Smith Tiffany M.Zúñiga Forrest L.Baker Helena Batatinha charles R.Pedlar Shane c.Burgess Michael P.Gustafson Emmanuel Katsanis Richard J.simpson School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Pediatrics The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Faculty of Sport Allied Health and Performance ScienceSt.Mary's UniversityTwickenham TW14SXUK Institute of Sport Exercise and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HUUK Department of Animal and comparative Biomedical Sciences The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA The University of Arizona cancer center The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719USA Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054USA Department of Immunobiology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Medicine The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Pathology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

Background:The mobilization and redistribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-coV-2)specific T-cells and neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)during exercise is purported to increase immune surveillance and protect against severe coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19).We sought to determine if cOVID-19 vaccination would elicit exercise-responsive SARS-coV-2 T-cells and transiently alter nAb ***:Eighteen healthy participants completed a 20-min bout of graded cycling exercise before and/or after receiving a cOVID-19 *** major leukocyte subtypes were enumerated before,during,and after exercise by flow cytometry,and immune responses to SARS-coV-2 were determined using whole blood peptide stimulation assays,T-cell receptor(TcR)-βsequencing,and SARS-coV-2 nAb ***:cOVID-19 vaccination had no effect on the mobilization or egress of major leukocyte subsets in response to intensity-controlled graded ***,non-infected participants had a significantly reduced mobilization of cD4+and cD8+naive T-cells,as well as cD4+central memory T-cells,after vaccination(synthetic immunity group);this was not seen after vaccination in those with prior SARS-coV-2 infection(hybrid immunity group).Acute exercise after vaccination robustly mobilized SARS-coV-2 specific T-cells to blood in an intensity-dependent *** groups mobilized T-cells that reacted to spike protein;however,only the hybrid immunity group mobilized T-cells that reacted to membrane and nucleocapsid *** increased significantly during exercise only in the hybrid immunity ***:These data indicate that acute exercise mobilizes SARS-coV-2 specific T-cells that recognize spike protein and increases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.

关键词： Anti-viral cOVID-19 Exercise immunology SARS-coV-2 T-cells Vaccine

Two haplotype-resolved genomes reveal important flower traits in bigleaf hydrangea(Hydrangea macrophylla)and insights into Asterid evolution

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Horticulture Research 2023年第12期10卷 45-57页

作者： Xingbo Wu Sheron A.simpson Ramey c.Youngblood Xiaofen FLiu Brian E.Scheffler Timothy A.Rinehart Lisa W.Alexander Amanda M.Hulse-Kemp Department of Environmental Horticulture Tropical Research and Education CenterUniversity of FloridaHomesteadFL 33031United States Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit USDA-ARSRaleighNC 27695United States Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit USDA-ARSStonevilleMS 38776United States Institute for Genomics Biocomputing and BiotechnologyMississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMS 39762United States crop Production and Protection USDA-ARSBeltsvilleMD 20705United States Floral and Nursery Plants Research Unit U.S.National ArboretumUSDA-ARSMcMinnvilleTN 37110United States Department of crop and Soil Sciences North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695United States

The Hydrangea genus belongs to the Hydrangeaceae family,in the cornales order of flowering plants,which early diverged among the Asterids,and includes several species that are commonly used ornamental *** them,Hydrangea macrophylla is one of the most valuable species in the nursery trade,yet few genomic resources are available for this crop or closely related Asterid *** high-quality haplotype-resolved reference genomes of hydrangea cultivars‘Veitchii’and‘Endless Summer’[highest quality at 2.22 gigabase pairs(Gb),396 contigs,N5022.8 megabase pairs(Mb)]were assembled and scaffolded into the expected 18 *** the newly developed high-quality reference genomes along with high-quality genomes of other related flowering plants,nuclear data were found to support a single divergence point in the Asterids clade where both the cornales and Ericales diverged from the *** mapping with an F1 hybrid population demonstrated the power of linkage mapping combined with the new genomic resources to identify the gene for inflorescence shape,cYP78A5 located on chromosome 4,and a novel gene,BAM3 located on chromosome 17,for causing double *** developed in this study will not only help to accelerate hydrangea genetic improvement but also contribute to understanding the largest group of flowering plants,the Asterids.

关键词： Hydra traits resolved

A Note on the Relationship Between Temperature and Water Vapor over Oceans, Including Sea Surface Temperature Effects

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第1期23卷 141-148页

作者： c.-L. SHIE W.-K. TAO J. simpson Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology center University of MarylandBaltimore CountyBaltimoreMaryland 21250USA Laboratory for AtmospheresNASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Laboratory for Atmospheres NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA

An ideal and simple formulation is successfully derived that well represents a quasi-linear relationship found between the domain-averaged water vapor, Q （ram）, and temperature, T （K）, fields for the three tropical oceans （i.e., the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans） based on eleven GEOS-3 [Goddard Earth Observing System （EOS） Version-3] global re-analysis monthly products. A Q - T distribution analysis is also performed for the tropical and extra-tropical regions based on in-situ sounding data and numerical simulations [GEOS-3 and the Goddard cumulus Ensemble （GcE） model]. A similar positively correlated Q - T distribution is found over the entire oceanic and tropical regions; however, Q increases faster with T for the former region. It is suspected that the tropical oceans may possess a moister boundary layer than the Tropics. The oceanic regime falls within the lower bound of the tropical regime embedded in a global, curvilinear Q - T relationship. A positive correlation is also found between T and sea surface temperature （SST）; however, for one degree of increase in T, SST is found to increase 1.1 degrees for a warmer ocean, which is slightly less than an increase of 1.25 degrees for a colder ocean. This seemingly indicates that more （less） heat is needed for an open ocean to maintain an air mass above it with a same degree of temperature rise during a colder （warmer） season [or in a colder （warmer） region]. Q and SST are also found to be positively correlated. Relative humidity （RH） exhibits similar behaviors for oceanic and tropical regions. RH increases with increasing SST and T over oceans, while it increases with increasing T in the Tropics. RH, however, decreases with increasing temperature in the extratropics. It is suspected that the tropical and oceanic regions may possess a moister local boundary layer than the extratropics so that a faster moisture increase than a saturated moisture increase is favored for the former regions. T, Q, saturated water v

关键词： moisture temperature relationship quasi-equilibrium states Tropics oceans

Trade-off between microbial carbon use efficiency and specific nutrient-acquiring extracellular enzyme activities under reduced oxygen

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Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第2期5卷 43-53页

作者： Ji chen Irene cordero Daryl L.Moorhead Jennifer K.Rowntree Lorae T.simpson Richard D.Bardgett Hayley craig Department of Agroecology Aarhus University8830 TjeleDenmark Aarhus University centre for circular Bioeconomy Aarhus University8830 TjeleDenmark icLIMATE Interdisciplinary centre for climate change Aarhus University4000 RoskildeDenmark Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM139PTUK Department of Environmental Sciences University of Toledo2801 W.Bancroft St.ToledoOH 43606-3390USA School of Biological and Marine Sciences University of PlymouthDrake CircusPlymouthPL48AAUK Florida Oceanographic Society 890 NE Ocean BlvdStuartFL 34996USA NatureMetrics Occam CourtSurrey Research ParkGuildfordGU27HJUK

Mangroves are one of the most ecologically sensitive ecosystems to global climate change,which have cascading impacts on soil carbon(c),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)***,mangroves are experiencing increasing N and P loadings and reduced oxygen availability due to intensified climate change and human ***,both direct and interactive effects of these perturbations on microbially mediated soil c,N and P cycling are poorly ***,we simultaneously investigated the effects of N and P loadings and reduced oxygen on microbial biomass,microbial respiration,and extracellular enzyme activities(EEAs)in mangrove *** calculated the microbial metabolic quotient(qcO_(2)),which is regarded as a useful inverse metric of microbial c use efficiency(cUE).Our results show that reduced oxygen significantly increases both qcO_(2) and microbial specific EEAs(enzyme activity per unit of microbial biomass)for c-,N-and P-acquisition regardless of N or P ***,we found that qcO_(2) positively correlated with microbial specific EEAs under reduced oxygen,whereas no clear relationship was detected under ambient *** results suggest that reduced oxygen increases microbial specific EEAs at the expense of increasing microbial respiration per unit biomass,indicating higher energy cost per unit enzyme production.

关键词： reduced oxygen extracellular enzyme microbial respiration nutrient acquisition nutrient addition mangrove

Nutritional geometry framework of sucrose taste in Drosophila

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第4期50卷 233-240页

作者： An-Qi Li Sha-Sha Li Ruo-Xin Zhang Xin-Yuan Zhao Zhi-Ying Liu Yun Hu Bei Wang G Gregory Neely Stephen J.simpson Qiao-Ping Wang Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging School of Pharmaceutical Sciences(Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518107China The Dr.John and Anne chong Laboratory for Functional Genomics Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life&Environmental SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia charles Perkins centre and School of Life&Environmental Sciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia

Dietary protein(P)and carbohydrate(c)have a major impact on the sweet taste ***,it remains unclear whether the balance of P and c influences the sweet taste ***,we use the nutritional geometry framework(NGF)to address the interaction of protein and carbohydrates on sweet taste using Drosophila as a *** results reveal that high-protein,low-carbohydrate(HPLc)diets sensitize to sweet taste and low-protein,high-carbohydrate(LPHc)diets desensitize sweet taste in both male and female *** further investigate the underlying mechanisms of the effects of two diets on sweet taste using RNA *** compared to the LPHc diet,the m RNA expression of genes involved in the metabolism of glycine,serine,and threonine is significantly upregulated in the HPLc diet group,suggesting these amino acids may mediate sweet taste *** further find that sweet sensitization occurs in flies fed with the LPHc diet supplemented with serine and *** study demonstrates that sucrose taste sensitivity is affected by the balance of dietary protein and carbohydrates possibly through changes in serine and threonine.

关键词： Nutritional geometry framework Sweet taste Sweet taste sensitivity Micronutrient Dietary balance Protein carbohydrates Drosophila

PIM kinase inhibition:co-targeted therapeutic approaches in prostate cancer

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 2430-2439页

作者： Sabina Luszczak christopher Kumar Vignesh Krishna Sathyadevan Benjamin S.simpson Kathy A.Gately Hayley c.Whitaker Susan Heavey Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group University College LondonLondonUK Trinity Translational Medicine Institute St.James’s Hospital DublinDublin 8DublinIreland

PIM kinases have been shown to play a role in prostate cancer development and progression,as well as in some of the hallmarks of cancer,especially proliferation and *** upregulation in prostate cancer has been correlated with decreased patient overall survival and therapy *** efforts to inhibit PIM with monotherapies have been hampered by compensatory upregulation of other pathways and drug toxicity,and as such,it has been suggested that co-targeting PIM with other treatment approaches may permit lower doses and be a more viable option in the ***,we present the rationale and basis for cotargeting PIM with inhibitors of PI3K/mTOR/AKT,JAK/STAT,MYc,stemness,and RNA Polymerase I transcription,along with other therapies,including androgen deprivation,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,and *** combined approaches could potentially be used as neoadjuvant therapies,limiting the development of resistance to treatments or sensitizing cells to other *** determine which drugs should be combined with PIM inhibitors for each patient,it will be key to develop companion diagnostics that predict response to each co-targeted option,hopefully providing a personalized medicine pathway for subsets of prostate cancer patients in the future.

关键词： targeted doses viable