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Friction stir based welding and processing technologies-processes,parameters,microstructures and applications:A review

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 1-38页

作者： G.K.Padhy c.s.wu s.Gao MOE Key Lab for Liquid-solid structure Evolution and Materials Processing Institute of Materials Joining Shandong University

Friction stir welding [FsW） has achieved remarkable success in the joining and processing of aluminium alloys and other softer structural alloys. conventional FsW, however, has not been entirely successful in the joining, processing and manufacturing of different desired materials essential to meet the sophis- ticated green globe requirements. Through the efforts of improving the process and transferring the existing friction stir knowledge base to other advanced applications, several friction stir based daughter technologies have emerged over the timeline, A few among these technologies are well developed while others are under the process of emergence. Beginning with a broad classification of the scattered fric- tions stir based technologies into two categories, welding and processing, it appears now time to know, compile and review these to enable their rapid access for reference and academia. In this review article, the friction stir based technologies classified under the categol^J of welding are those applied for join- ing of materials while the remnant are labeled as friction stir processing （FsP） technologies. This review article presents an overview of four general aspects of both the developed and the developing friction stir based technologies, their associated process parameters, metallurgical features of their products and their feasibility and application to various materials. The lesser known and emerging technologies have been emphasized.

关键词： Friction stir welding Friction stir processing Friction stir scribe Friction stir riveting Friction stir channeling Friction stir forming Friction stir surfacing Friction stir additive manufacturing Friction stir cladding

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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Double-side Friction stir Welds Between Medium-Thick 6061-T6 Aluminum and Pure copper Plates

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2022年第12期35卷 2027-2046页

作者： J.X.Tang L.shi c.s.wu M.X.wu s.Gao MOE Key Lab for Liquid-solid structure Evolution and Materials Processing Institute of Materials JoiningShandong UniversityJinan 250061China state Grid Henan Electric Power Research Institute Zhengzhou 450052China school of Mechanical Engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250353China

It is difficult to achieve Al/cu dissimilar welds with good mechanical properties for medium-thick plates due to the inherent high heat generation rate at the shoulder-workpiece contact interface in conventional friction stir ***,doubleside friction stir welding is innovatively applied to join 12-mm medium-thick 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and pure copper dissimilar plates,and the effect of welding speeds on the joint microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/cu welds is systematically *** reveals that a sound Al/cu joint without macroscopic defects can be achieved when the welding speed is lower than 180 mm/min,while a nonuniform relatively thick intermetallic compound(IMc)layer is formed at the Al/cu interface,resulting in lots of local microcracks within the first-pass weld under the plunging force of the tool during friction stir welding of the second-pass,and seriously deteriorates the mechanical properties of the *** the increase of welding speed to more than 300 mm/min void defects appear in the joint,but the joint properties are still better than the welds performed at low welding speed conditions since a continuous uniform thin IMcs layer is formed at the Al/cu *** maximum tensile strength and elongation of Al/cu weld are,respectively,135.11 MPa and 6.06%,which is achieved at the welding speed of 400 mm/*** addition,due to the influence of welding distortion of the first-pass weld,the secondpass weld is more prone to form void defects than the first-pass weld when the same plunge depth is applied on both *** double-side friction stir welding is proved to be a good method for dissimilar welding of medium-thick Al/cu plates.

关键词： Double-side friction stir welding Medium-thick plate Dissimilar welding Microstructures Intermetallic compounds Mechanical properties

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In situ DRIFTs study of photocatalytic cO_(2) reduction under UV irradiation

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Frontiers of chemical science and Engineering 2010年第2期4卷 120-126页

作者： Jeffrey c.s.wu chao-Wei HUANG Department of chemical Engineering Taiwan UniversityTaipei 10617China

Photocatalytic reduction of cO_(2) on TiO_(2) and cu/TiO_(2) photocatalysts was studied by in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTs)under UV *** photocatalysts were prepared by sol-gel method via controlled hydrolysis of titanium(IV)*** precursor was loaded onto TiO_(2) during sol-gel procedure.A large amount of adsorbed H_(2)O and surface OH groups was detected at 25℃on the TiO_(2) photocatalyst after being treated at 500℃under air *** and bicarbonate were formed rapidly due to the reaction of cO_(2) with oxygen-vacancy and OH groups,respectively,on TiO_(2) surface upon cO_(2)*** IR spectra indicated that,under UV irradiation,gas-phase cO_(2) further combined with oxygen-vacancy and OH groups to produce more carbonate or *** weak signals of reaction intermediates were found on the IR spectra,which were due to the slow photocatalytic cO_(2) reduction on *** electrons merge with H^(+)ions to form H atoms,which progressively reduce cO_(2) to form formic acid,dioxymethylene,formaldehyde and methoxy as observed in the IR *** well-dispersed cu,acting as the active site significantly increases the amount of formaldehyde and dioxymethylene,thus promotes the photoactivity of cO_(2) reduction on cu/TiO_(2).A possible mechanism of the photocatalytic cO_(2) reduction is proposed based on these intermediates and products on the photocatalysts.

关键词： photocatalysis cO_(2) titania in situ infrared spectroscopy cu/TiO_(2)

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ELEcTROcHEMIcAL NOIsE ANALYsIs OF THE INFLUENcE OF THE Zn^(2+)IONs cONcENTRATION ON ZINc ELEcTROPLATING

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2005年第2期18卷 137-144页

作者： Z.Zhang c.s.wu Q.Y.cai F.H.cao J.Q.Zhang Departmentofchemistry ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310027China Departmentofchemistry ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310027China／／StateKeyLaboratoryforCorrosionandProtectionInstituteofMetalResearchTheChineseAcademyofSciencesShenyang110016China

The influence of the concentration of Zn2+ ions on zinc electroplating process was investigated by means of electrochemical noise (EN) and cyclic voltammetry methods in conjunction with the scanning electron microscopy (sEM) technique. It was found that the EN generated during the electroplating of dentritic or large polymeric zinc deposit has large potential oscillation amplitude and positive potential drift while the compact zinc deposit possesses small noise amplitude and little potential drift. With the change of rate determining step from diffusion-control through mixed-control to activation-control, the maximum relative energy obtained from wavelet analysis defined from the region with larger scales to those with smaller scales, and the EDP (relative energy distribution plot) can be us, as 'fingerprints' of EN to characterize the electroplating process and the deposit structure. The results also showed that electrochemical noise technique can give more information about the electrodeposit structure than other normal electrochemical measurements, such as linear potential sweep method and cyclic voltammetry technique.

关键词： zinc electroplating zinc ions concentration electrochemical noise electrodeposit structure

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INFLUENcE OF sO_4^(2-) AND cl-ON THE cORROsION BEHAVIOR OF cOPPER TUBE IN AIR-cONDITIONING sYsTEM

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2004年第1期17卷 92-96页

作者： c.s.wu Z.Zhang F.H.cao J.Q.Zhang J.M.Wang c.N.cao Department of chemistry Yuquan CampusZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027ChinaDepartment of Chemistry Yuquan CampusZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027ChinaDepartment of Chemistry Yuquan CampusZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027ChinaDepartment of Chemistry Yuquan CampusZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection of Metals Shenyang 110016 ChinaDepartment of ChemistryYuquan Campus Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027ChinaDepartment of ChemistryYuquan Campus Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection of MetalsShenyang 110016 China

The influence of chloride or sulphur dioxide on the corrosion behavior of copper tube in the air-conditioning system was studied using scanning electron microscope (sEM), energy dispersion spectrometer (EDs) and cyclic polarization techniques. The results showed that the corrosion of copper tube are mainly caused by the sO42- and cl- ions in the circulating water, and the former is mainly responsible for the general corrosion of the copper tube whilst the latter for the pitting corrosion. The different influences of sG42- and cl- ions on the corrosion type of copper tube may be attributed to that the radius of sO42- ion is much larger than that of cl- ion. Meanwhile the results also indicated that sO42- inhibits the pitting corrosion caused by cl- and cl- inhibits the general corrosion initiated by sO42- due to their competitive adsorption on the copper matrix.

关键词： copper corrosion behavior influence sO42- ion cl- ion

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sTUDY THE INFLUENcE OF H_(3)BO_(3)ON THE ZINc ELEcTROPLATING UsING ELEcTROcHEMIcAL NOIsE TEcHNIQUE

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2004年第5期17卷 661-666页

作者： Z.Zhang c.s.wu Q.Y.cai Y.L.cheng F.H.cao J.Q.Zhang c.N.cao Departmentofchemistry ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310027China stateKeyLaboratoryforcorrosionandProtection InstituteofMetalResearchTheChineseAcademyofSciencesShenyang110016China

The influence of H3BO3 on the zinc electroplating was studied using electrochemical noise technique, cyclic voltammetry and steady-state polarization method. The results showed that, under the experimental conditions, the deposition of zinc followed the mechanism of two-dimensional nucleation and subsequent grain growth. The addition of H3BO3 into the electroplating solution prominently changes the nucleation and growth kinetics of zinc deposits, which is directly related to the features of electrocrystallization noise and the corresponding structure of the electrodeposits. The results also shown that the electrochemical noise (EN) technique can give more information about the electrodeposits structure and electroplating mechanism than other normal electrochemical measurements can give, such as steady-state polarization method and cyclic voltammetry technique.

关键词： zinc electroplating electrochemical noise electrocrystallization

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高速太阳风及α粒子速度分布的形成

高速太阳风及α粒子速度分布的形成

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1998年中国地球物理学会第十四届学术年会

作者：汪学毅 c.s.wu 周国成曹晋滨张效信中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 Institute for Physical science and Technology University of MarylandU．S．A．中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心

＜正＞早在70年代,人们就知道太阳风中质子和α粒子不是以相等速度向外传播的,尽管α粒子质量是质子的4 倍,但在高速太阳风中的α粒子的平均速度Vα却超过质子速度VP一个局域Alfven速度左右,即ΔV=Vα-VP ～VA。此外,0．3AU到IAU的观测...

＜正＞早在70年代,人们就知道太阳风中质子和α粒子不是以相等速度向外传播的,尽管α粒子质量是质子的4 倍,但在高速太阳风中的α粒子的平均速度Vα却超过质子速度VP一个局域Alfven速度左右,即ΔV=Vα-VP ～VA。此外,0．3AU到IAU的观测结果告诉我们,在高速太阳风中的质子速度分布还存在“双峰”结构,其主流质子和次流质子之间的速度差也基本在Alfven速度左右。为什么高速太阳风中α粒子速度以及部分质子的速度比主流质子快一个Alfven速度?这个问题到现在为

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分散系统的最优局部输出反馈控制(英文)

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控制理论与应用 1985年第2期 72-81页

作者：李光泉 s.H.Wang c.s.wu 天津大学美国马里兰大学

本文对所导出的离散型分散系统最优输出反馈控制进行了讨论,提出和建议一种收敛的计算法并用数值例子加以说明。

关键词： BFc 输出反馈

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用时变控制器消除分散控制系统的固定模(英文)

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控制理论与应用 1985年第3期 48-57页

作者：李光泉 s.H.Wang c.s.wu 天津大学美国马里兰大学

众所周知,在分散控制系统的设计中,不稳定的固定模的存在使得我们不能用分散化的、定常的局部控制器去稳定系统。本文应用一种采样和具有指数衰减保持的时变控制器来消除系统的固定模,由此而得到的定常可稳定的系统可以用局部输出反馈... 详细信息

众所周知,在分散控制系统的设计中,不稳定的固定模的存在使得我们不能用分散化的、定常的局部控制器去稳定系统。本文应用一种采样和具有指数衰减保持的时变控制器来消除系统的固定模,由此而得到的定常可稳定的系统可以用局部输出反馈来稳定并进而可以实现最优控制。

关键词：固定模分散控制系统时变控制器

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controversies in fecal incontinence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 113-119页

作者： Andreia Albuquerque satish s c Rao school of Medicine and Biomedical sciences Fernando Pessoa UniversityGondomar 4420-096PortoPortugal Precancerous Lesions and Early cancer Management Research Group RIsE@cI-IPO(Health Research Network) Portuguese Oncology Institute of PortoPorto 4200-072Portugal Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineAugusta UniversityAugustaGA 30912United States

Fecal incontinence is a common condition that can significantly impact patients’quality of *** anal sphincter injury and anorectal surgeries are common *** ultrasound and anorectal manometry are important diagnostic tools for evaluating *** are various treatment options,including diet,lifestyle modifications,drugs,biofeedback therapy,tibial and sacral nerve neuromodulation therapy,and *** this editorial,we will discuss current controversies and novel approaches to fecal *** for asymptomatic anal sphincter defects after obstetric anal sphincter injury and in patients with inflammatory bowel disease is not generally recommended,but may be helpful in selected *** Garg incontinence score is a new score that includes the assessment of solid,liquid,flatus,mucous,stress and urge fecal *** tests such as translumbosacral anorectal magnetic stimulation and novel therapies such as translumbosacral neuromodulation therapy are promising diagnostic and treatment options,for both fecal incontinence and *** biofeedback therapy can overcome some limitations of the office-based *** muscle-derived cell implantation of the external anal sphincter has been further studied as a possible treatment *** neuromodulation may be useful in scleroderma,congenital fecal incontinence and inflammatory bowel disease but merits further study.

关键词： Fecal incontinence Endoanal ultrasound Anal sphincter defects Biofeedback Neuropathy sacral neuromodulation

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