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Micropenis Associated or Not with cryptorchidism in the Endocrinology Department of Yopougon University Hospital in Ivory coast: Epidemiological, clinical, Paraclinical and Therapeutic Aspects

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 75-85页

作者： Adélaïde Hue Kossi Kodjo Michèle fotso Jacko Abodo Department of Endocrinology Diabetology at Yopougon University Hospital Abidjan Ivory Coast Internal Medicine and Endocrinology Department of sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Lomé Togo

Background: congenital malformations such as micropenis and cryptorchidism do not have immediate dramatic consequences. However, the diagnosis is often unknown at birth, and therefore late. In Ivory coast, there are few studies on cryptorchidism and micropenis. We conducted this study to identify the epidemiological, clinical, etiological and therapeutic characteristics of the micropenis associated or not with cryptorchidism at Yopougon University Hospital. Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study in the Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology of the Yopougon University Hospital carried out over 13 years from January 2005 to December 2018. All patients were included regardless of the presence of a micropenis associated or not with cryptorchidism in the clinical or paraclinical examination. Results: A total of 14 micropenis were reported associated in 6 cases with cryptorchidism. It was unilateral cryptorchidism in 4 patients or 66.66% of cases. The average age of affected patients was 21.32 years with extremes ranging from 10 months to 48 years. The reason for consultation was micropenis in 12 out of 14 cases or 85.75%. The associated signs apart from cryptorchidism were obesity in 42.86% of cases, gynecomastia in 35.71% of cases. The aetiology was dominated by idiopathic causes. Treatment with testosterone enanthate was more effective in pre-pubertal children than in adults. conclusion: The diagnosis of micropenis associated or not with cryptorchidism is late because of the frustrations, taboos and psycho-social states that it causes. However, drug treatment is effective when treatment is started early.

关键词： Micropenis cryptorchidism Hospital Environment Ivory coast

Analysing the Potential Impact of climate change on the Hydrological Regime of the Upper Benue River Basin (North cameroon)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第8期16卷 569-583页

作者： Elisabeth Dassou Fita Auguste Ombolo Thierry c. fotso-Nguemo Daniel Bogno saïdou Augustin Daïka steven chouto Felix Abbo Mbele Department of Meteorology and Hydrology The National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua The University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Higher Institute of Agriculture Wood Water and Environment The University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroun Department of Hydraulics and Water Management The National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua The University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon climate change Research Laboratory (ccRL) National Institute of Cartography Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Geography Faculty of Arts Letters and Social Sciences University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon

In this study, we analyse the climate variability in the Upper Benue basin and assess its potential impact on the hydrology regime under two different greenhouse gas emission scenarios. The hydrological regime of the basin is more vulnerable to climate variability, especially precipitation and temperature. Observed hydroclimatic data (1950-2015) was analysed using a statistical approach. The potential impact of future climate change on the hydrological regime is quantified using the GR2M model and two climate models: HadGEM2-Es and MIROc5 from cMIP5 under RcP 4.5 and RcP 8.5 greenhouse gas emission scenarios. The main result shows that precipitation varies significantly according to the geographical location and time in the Upper Benue basin. The trend analysis of climatic parameters shows a decrease in annual average precipitation across the study area at a rate of -0.568 mm/year which represents about 37 mm/year over the time 1950-2015 compared to the 1961-1990 reference period. An increase of 0.7°c in mean temperature and 14% of PET are also observed according to the same reference period. The two climate models predict a warming of the basin of about 2°c for both RcP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios and an increase in precipitation between 1% and 10% between 2015 and 2100. similarly, the average annual flow is projected to increase by about +2% to +10% in the future for both RcP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios between 2015 and 2100. Therefore, it is primordial to develop adaptation and mitigation measures to manage efficiently the availability of water resources.

关键词： climate Variability Hydrological Modelling climate Models Upper Benue Basin Northern cameroon

soil Physico-chemical Properties and Different Altitudes Affect Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Abundance and colonization in cacao Plantations of cameroon

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2024年第2期15卷 57-82页

作者： Franklin Tounkam Ketchiemo Beaulys fotso Astride stéphanie Mouafi Djabou Victor Jos Eyamo Evina Japhet Youri Essambita Franck Maxime Ewane Tang Nicolas Niemenak Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Department of Biological Sciences Higher Teacher Training College University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural sciences Bafia Annex University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Applied Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory Department of Agriculture and Agropastoral Higher Teacher Training College University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroon Plant Physiology Improvement Unit Laboratory of Biotechnology and Environment Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

This study aims to investigate the abundance of AMF according to soil properties and altitudes in different cacao plantations of cameroon. Physico-chemical analyses were made on soil samples collected from three agro-ecological zones. soil samples were also used to evaluate directly the AMF abundance following the various altitudes and after trapping by sorghum plant. The results showed that soil properties, AMF spore abundances and colonization fluctuated significantly at different altitudes. The most represented texture was sandy loam. The bimodal zone presented a homogeneous texture (sandy loam) in all its localities. cacao soil chemical characteristics showed that, the highest nitrogen rate (0.47%;p 0.05, scott-Knott test) was recorded at Melong in a monomodal zone while Tonga in the Western highlands displayed the lowest rate (0.13%). soil P concentration was significantly high in monomodal zones (Mbanga and Melong). soil pH level indicated that the soil from Tonga in the Western highlands was neutral (pH = 6.67), and soils of other localities under study were acidic with the lowest (4.75) pH level recorded at Melong in a monomodal zone. In soil samples, the highest spore density (1.03 spores/g soil) was observed at Ntui in Bimodal zone, while the lowest spore density (0.26 spores/g soil) was observed at Bafang in the Western highlands. Root colonization showed that the sample from Bokito in a bimodal zone displayed the best frequency of mycorrhization (86.11%) while the sample from Bafang in the Western highlands recorded the lowest (27.11%). The PcA analysis highlighted that available phosphorus, pH and altitude all strongly correlated with AMF root colonization ability and can be used as a predictor of AMF colonization ability in cacao rhizosphere.

关键词： Agroecological Zone Altitude Variations Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi soil Properties Theobroma cacao

Determinants of sexual Activity among HIV-Infected Adolescents in cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期14卷 921-936页

作者： calixte Ida Penda Rachel fotso Yogue Nelly Noubi Kamgaing sena Mouna Penda Loïc Boupda Francis Atéba Ndongo christian Eyoum Ritha Mbono Betoko Grace Dalle Ngondi Patricia Epee Eboumbou Francisca Monebenimp Essome Henri Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon General Hospital of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon University Hospital centre of Yaound Yaound Cameroon Mokolo Regional Hospital Annex Mokolo Cameroon University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Mother and child centre of the chantal Biya Foundation in Yaound Yaound Cameroon Douala Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon District Hospital of Bonassama Douala Cameroon

Introduction: Adolescence is a period of transition to adulthood, including for HIV-infected adolescents (HIA), when sexual problems emerge. Few studies have been carried out on the sexuality of HIA. This study aimed to assess the sexual behavior of HIV-infected adolescents in cameroon. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three hospitals in the cities of Yaoundé and Douala, from November 2019 to June 2020. All HIA aged 13 to 19 years followed in the study who knew their HIV status were included in the study after obtaining their assent and their parent’s consent. socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were collected, as well as sexual practices and the determinants of their sexual activity. A multivariate analysis was performed to explore the relationship between the different variables studied and the sexual activity of these adolescents. Results: Of 204 HIA enrolled in the study, 64 (31.7%) were sexually active, the mean age at first sexual intercourse was 15.6 ± 2.8 years and the sex ratio was 0.94. Of the adolescents in the study, 75.7% of girls and 61.2% of boys had regular sexual activity, while 21.3% of girls and 35.4% of boys had multiple sexual relationships in the six months preceding the study. Nearly 16 (25.0%) of the sexually active HIA had more than 2 sexual encounters per month, 6 (9.3%) of these encounters had been paid for and 9 (27.2%) of the girls had already had at least one pregnancy. More than 7 out of 10 HIA (79.6%) had used a condom the last time they had sex. Age less than 18 years [OR = 11.1 (95% cI: 3.1 - 39.4), p = 0.001], lack of remuneration [OR = 9.8 (95% cI: 2.0 - 47.4), p = 0.001] and self-care were significantly associated with sexual activity in HIA, while school attendance was a protective factor. self-funded HIAs were 21 times more likely to be sexually active [OR = 21.6 (95% cI: 2.3 - 179), p = 0.004]. conclusion: More than a third of HIV-infected adolescents were sexually active and risky sexual practi

关键词： HIV Adolescent sexual Behavior cameroon

Acceptance and Experience of HIV-Infected Adolescents in Two Hospitals in Yaoundé

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 435-443页

作者： Isabelle Mekone Nkwele Nelly Kamgaing Pierrette Amanda Emah Manga Jeannette Épée Ngoué Hélène Kamo sélangai claude Audrey Meguieze Nsoh Ndeh-Fofang serge Tchoukoua Jean-Baptiste fotso Djemo Paul Koki Ndombo Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Institut supérieur des sciences de la santé de Bangangté Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon

Introduction: Access to antiretroviral drugs has improved the survival of children infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). As they reach adolescence, they are confronted with various constraints related to the infection and its treatment, in addition to those of the growth period they are going through. The main aim of the study was to assess the acceptance and describe the experience of HIV infection by infected adolescents but also to investigate the factors associated with good acceptance and a positive experience. Methodology: The cross-sectional analytic study concerned HIV-infected adolescents aged 15 to 19 followed up at the chantal Biya Foundation-Mother and child centre (cME-FcB) and the Yaoundé University Hospital centre (cHUY) between February 2020 and June 2020. The study saw participants complete a questionnaire containing socio-demographic data and assessing acceptance and experience with the infection. Data analysis was accomplished using Epi info software version 7.***.2.6. Results: One hundred and thirteen HIV-infected adolescents were included in the study. The sex ratio was 0.68 and the mean age was 17 years. More than half of the adolescents had a good acceptance and positive experience with the infection. Related factors were the adolescent’s perception of good health and participation in an association with other infected adolescents. conclusion: Emphasizing the psychological and educational follow-up of infected adolescents and encouraging their participation in associations for adolescents living with HIV could reduce the consequences of poor acceptance and ensure a better transition to adulthood. .

关键词： HIV Adolescent Acceptance Experience

Dietary Diversity and Food security status among cameroonian Adults Living in semi-Urban Areas: A cross-sectional study

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Food and Nutrition sciences 2024年第7期15卷 548-564页

作者： Tonou Boris Ronald Tchuente Pauline Vervaine Hagbe Eliane Flore Eyenga Kemadjou Ruth Edwige Dibacto Ngassa Dany Joël Ngoumen fotso Janvier Aime Youovop Nguemto Roussel Guy Takuissu Judith Laure Ngondi Julius Enyong Oben Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon centre for Food Food Security and Nutrition Research Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaound Cameroon center of Nutrition and Functional Foods Yaound Cameroon

Introduction: Food security is one of the greatest challenges that most African countries face. It is a concept that considers not only food quantity but also food quality. The objective of this study was to describe dietary diversity and food security status at the individual level in cameroonian populations. Methods: A total of 1180 men and women aged 20 and over and living in the West, North West, and Littoral regions of cameroon were recruited. Data on dietary habits were collected through the frequency of consumption of various food groups. Dietary diversity was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. Food security status was determined by combining two indicators (food consumption score and individual food diversity score). Results: The mean dietary diversity score of the population was 3.53 ± 1.44, p conclusion: The diet diversity of adults living in the West, North West, and Littoral regions of cameroon is medium. Although half of the study population was food secure, there is a need to implement food security policies further to reduce food insecurity among the cameroonian population.

关键词： Dietary Diversity Individual Food security Littoral West North West cameroon

stochastic-periodic Homogenization of Maxwell＇s Equations with Linear and Periodic conductivity

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Acta Mathematica sinica,English series 2017年第1期33卷 117-152页

作者： Joel fotso TAcHAGO Hubert NNANG Faculty of science Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bamenda P. O. Box 39 Bambili Cameroon Higher Teachers Training college University of Yaounde I P. O. Box 47 Yaounde Cameroon

stochastic-periodic homogenization is studied for the Maxwell equations with the linear ＂and periodic electric conductivity. It is shown by the stochastic-two-scale convergence method that the sequence of solutions t... 详细信息

关键词： Maxwell's equations dynamical system stochastic two-scale convergence

Diabetes and Hypertension Are Associated with Food Insecurity in a cameroonian Population: A case-control study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 1-21页

作者： Boris Ronald Tonou Tchuente Pauline Vervaine Hagbe Hippolyte Tene Mouafo Janvier Aime fotso Youovop Ousmane Mfopou Mbiondi Javeres Leonel Ntepe Mbah Roussel Guy Nguemto Takuissu Raissa Francoise Ntentie Boris Gabin Kingue Azantsa Judith Laure Ngondi Julius Oben Enyong Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon centre for Food Food Security and Nutrition Research Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaounde Cameroon Department of Biosciences COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Laboratory of Human Metabolism and Non-communicable Disease Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaounde Cameroon Higher Teacher’s and Training college University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon center of Nutrition and Functional Foods Yaounde Cameroon

Diabetes and hypertension are the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors. Recent studies showed an increase in the prevalence of food insecurity in our country. The aim of this study was to assess how food insecurity affects the dietary habits, socio-demographic characteristics and metabolic profile of individuals with diabetes or hypertension. This case-control study was conducted among diabetic and hypertensive participants (cases) and diabetic and hypertensive normal (controls) during the screening campaigns for nutrition-related chronic diseases. The sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical parameters of the participants were analyzed. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with diabetes and hypertension in the study population. Bivariate analyses showed that male gender (OR = 1.972;95% cI: 1.250 - 3.089), regular alcohol consumption (OR = 2.012;95% cI: 1.294 - 3.130), low fruit consumption (OR = 1.590;95% cI: 1.016 - 2.488), low dietary diversity (OR = 2.915;95% cI: 1.658 - 5.127) and abdominal obesity (OR = 1.893, cI 95% 1.203 - 2.978) were significantly associated with hypertension. In addition, low fruit consumption (OR = 1.829;95% cI 1.092 - 3.064), low legume consumption (OR = 3.515;95% cI 1.861 - 6.635), and hypertriglyceridaemia (OR = 2.241, 95% cI 1.139 - 4.408) were significantly associated with diabetes. The indirect association observed between food insecurity and diabetes and hypertension suggests the need for nutritional policies aimed at popularizing the production and consumption of fruits and legumes. similarly, health services need to be aware and informed of the important role that food insecurity can play in the development of diabetes and hypertension.

关键词： Food Insecurity Diabetes Hypertension cameroon

Micropenis Associated or Not with cryptorchidism in the Endocrinology Department of Yopougon University Hospital in Ivory coast: Epidemiological,clinical, Paraclinical and Therapeutic Aspects

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