检索结果-南通市图书馆

Diet supplementation with an organic acids-based formulation affects gut microbiota and expression of gut barrier genes in broilers

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 367-377页

作者： Irida Palamidi Konstantinos c.Mountzouris Department of nutritional Physiology and Feeding Agricultural University of Athens

This study was designed to study the effect of diet supplementation with an organic acids-based formulation(OABF) on luminal-and mucosa-associated bacteria, concentration of volatile fatty acids(VFA), microbial glycolytic enzyme activity and expression of mucin 2(MUc2), immunoglobulin A(IgA)and tight junction protein, i.e., zonula occludens-1(ZO1), zonula occludens-2(ZO2), claudin-1(cLDn1),claudin-5(cLDn5) and occludin(OcLn), genes at the ileal and cecal level. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used having OABF inclusion and avilamycin as main factors. Subsequently, 544 day-old male cobb broilers were allocated in the following 4 treatments, each with 8 replicates: no additions(cOn), 1 g OABF/kg diet(OA),2.5 mg avilamycin/kg diet(AV) and combination of OA and AV(OAAV). The trial lasted for 42 days. In the ileum, OAAV resulted in lower mucosa-associated total bacteria levels(PO × A= 0.028) compared with *** addition, ileal digesta levels of clostridium perfringens subgroup were decreased by avilamycin(PA= 0.045). Inclusion of OABF stimulated the activity of microbial glycolytic enzymes, whereas avilamycin resulted in lower acetate(PA= 0.021) and higher butyrate(PA= 0.010) molar ratios. Expression of ZO1 and cLDn5 was down-regulated by both OABF(PO= 0.016 and PO= 0.003, respectively) and avilamycin(PA= 0.016 and PA= 0.001, respectively). In addition, cLDn1 was down-regulated in AV compared with cOn(PO × A= 0.012). Furthermore, OABF down-regulated MUc2(PO= 0.027), whereas avilamycin down-regulated nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1(nFKB1)(PA= 0.024), toll-like receptor 2 family member B(TLR2B)(PA= 0.011) and toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)(PA= 0.014) expression. In the ceca, OABF inclusion increased digesta levels of clostridium coccoides(PO= 0.018) and clostridium leptum(PO= 0.040) subgroups, while it up-regulated MUc2 expression(PO= 0.014). Avilamycin(PA= 0.044) and interaction(PO × Acts for IgA expression were noted, with cOn having higher IgA expression compared

关键词： Organic acids Broiler chicken Microflora Tight junction Microbial enzymes Volatile fatty acids

Impact of thermostat on interfacial thermal conductance prediction from non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

chinese Physics B 2022年第5期31卷 561-568页

作者： Song Hu c Y Zhao Xiaokun Gu Institute of Engineering Thermophysics School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The knowledge of interfacial thermal conductance(ITc)is key to understand thermal transport in *** non-equilibrium molecular dynamics(nEMD)simulation is a useful tool to calculate the *** this study,we investigate the impact of thermostat on the prediction of the *** Langevin thermostat is found to result in larger ITc than the nose-Hoover *** addition,the results from nEMD simulations with the nose-Hoover thermostat exhibit strong size effect of thermal *** spectral heat flux decomposition and modal temperature calculation reveal that the acoustic phonons in hot and cold thermal reservoirs are of smaller temperature difference than optical phonons when using the nose-Hoover thermostat,while phonons in the Langevin thermostat are of identical *** a nonequilibrium state of phonons in the case of the nose-Hoover thermostat reduces the heat flux of low-to-middle-frequency *** also discuss how enlarging the reservoirs or adding an epitaxial rough wall to the reservoirs affects the predicted ITc,and find that these attempts could help to thermalize the phonons,but still underestimate the heat flux from low-frequency phonons.

关键词： interfacial thermal conductance phonon transport molecular dynamics

ScHEDULInG TWO GROUPS OF JOBS WITH IncOMPLETE InFORMATIOn

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2003年第1期12卷 73-81页

作者： GuochuanZHAnG XiaoqiangcAI c.K.WOnG DepartmentofMathematics ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou30027P.R.China DepartmentofSystemsEngineeringandEngineeringManagement TheChineseUniversityofHongKongShatinN.T.HongKong DepartmentofcomputerScienceandEngineering TheChineseUniversityofHangKongShatinN.T.HongKong

In real world situations, most scheduling problems occur neither as complete off-line nor as complete on-line models. Most likely, a problem arises as an on-line model with some partial information. In this article, we consider such a model. We study the scheduling problem P(n1,n2), where two groups of jobs are to be scheduled. The first job group is available beforehand. As soon as all jobs in the first group are assigned, the second job group appears. The objective is to minimize the longest job completion time (makespan). We show a lower bound of 3/2 even for very special cases. Best possible algorithms are presented for a number of cases. Furthermore, a heuristic is proposed for the general case. The main contribution of this paper is to discuss the impact of the quantity of available information in designing an on-line algorithm. It is interesting to note that the absence of even a little bit information may significantly affect the performance of an algorithm.

关键词： Machine scheduling worst-case analysis on-line algorithm

Artificial intelligence for characterization of diminutive colorectal polyps:A feasibility study comparing two computer-aided diagnosis systems

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第1期5卷 11-22页

作者： Quirine Eunice Wennie van der Zander Ramon M Schreuder Ayla Thijssen carolus H J Kusters nikoo Dehghani Thom Scheeve Bjorn Winkens Mirjam c M van der Ende-van Loon Peter H n de With Fons van der Sommen Ad A M Masclee Erik J Schoon Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Maastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6202 AZNetherlands GROW School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDNetherlands Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Catharina Hospital EindhovenEindhoven 5602 ZANetherlands Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBNetherlands Department of Methodology and Statistics Maastricht UniversityPostbus 6166200 MD MaastrichtNetherlands School for Public Health and Primary care Maastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDNetherlands

BAcKGROUnD Artificial intelligence(AI)has potential in the optical diagnosis of colorectal *** To evaluate the feasibility of the real-time use of the computer-aided diagnosis system(cADx)AI for coloRectal Polyps(AI4cRP)for the optical diagnosis of diminutive colorectal polyps and to compare the performance with cAD EYE^(TM)(Fujifilm,Tokyo,Japan).cADx influence on the optical diagnosis of an expert endoscopist was also *** AI4cRP was developed in-house and cAD EYE was proprietary software provided by *** cADxsystems exploit convolutional neural *** polyps were characterized as benign or premalignant and histopathology was used as gold ***4cRP provided an objective assessment of its characterization by presenting a calibrated confidence characterization value(range 0.0-1.0).A predefined cut-off value of 0.6 was set with valuesndicating benign and values≥0.6 indicating premalignant colorectal *** confidence characterizations were defined as values 40%around the cut-off value of 0.6(nd>0.76).Self-critical AI4cRP’s diagnostic performances excluded low confidence *** AI4cRP use was feasible and performed on 30 patients with 51 colorectal ***-critical AI4cRP,excluding 14 low confidence characterizations[27.5%(14/51)],had a diagnostic accuracy of 89.2%,sensitivity of 89.7%,and specificity of 87.5%,which was higher compared to *** EYE had a 83.7%diagnostic accuracy,74.2%sensitivity,and 100.0%*** performances of the endoscopist alone(before AI)increased nonsignificantly after reviewing the cADx characterizations of both AI4cRP and cAD EYE(AI-assisted endoscopist).Diagnostic performances of the AI-assisted endoscopist were higher compared to both cADx-systems,except for specificity for which cAD EYE performed *** Real-time use of AI4cRP was *** confidence values provided by a cADx is novel and self-critical AI4cRP sho

关键词： Artificial intelligence colorectal polyp characterization computer aided diagnosis Diminutive colorectal polyps Optical diagnosis Self-critical artificial intelligence

An Analog of Einstein’s General Relativity Emerging from classical Finite Elasticity Theory:Analytical and computational Issues

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

communications in computational Physics 2013年第8期14卷 801-818页

作者： c.cherubini S.Filippi nonlinear Physics andMathematicalModeling Lab University Campus Bio-MedicoI-00128Via A.del Portillo 21RomeItaly International center for Relativistic Astrophysics-I.c.R.A. University of Rome“La Sapienza”I-00185 RomeItaly

The“analogue gravity formalism”,an interdisciplinary theoretical scheme developed in the past for studying several non relativistic classical and quantum systems through effective relativistic curved space-times,is here applied to largely deformable elastic bodies described by the nonlinear theory of solid *** the simplest nonlinear constitutive relation for the elastic material given by a Kirchhoff-St Venant strain-energy density function,it is possible to write for the perturbations an effective space-time metric if the deformation is purely longitudinal and depends on one spatial coordinate *** and numerical studies of the corresponding dynamics are performed in selected cases and physical implications of the results obtained are finally discussed.

关键词： Finite elasticity general relativity analogue gravity finite elements method

Strategies to improve fiber utilization in swine

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第2期4卷 112-123页

作者： Brian J Kerr Gerald c Shurson USDA-ARS-national Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment University of Minnesota

Application of feed processing methods and use of exogenous feed additives in an effort to improve nutrient digestibility of plant-based feed ingredients for swine has been studied for decades. The following review will discuss several of these topics, including： fiber characterization, impact of dietary fiber on gastrointestinal physiology, energy, and nutrient digestibility, mechanical processing of feed on fiber and energy digestibility, and the use of exogenous enzymes in diets fed to growing pigs. Taken together, the diversity and concentration of chemical characteristics that exists among plant-based feed ingredients, as well as interactions among constituents within feed ingredients and diets, suggests that improvements in nutrient digestibility and pig performance from mechanical processing or adding exogenous enzymes to diets fed to swine depends on a better understanding of these characteristics, but also relating enzyme activity to targeted substrates. It may be that an enzyme must not only match a target substrate（s）, but there may also need to be a ＇cocktail＇ of enzymes to effectively breakdown the complex matrixes of fibrous carbohydrates, such that the negative impact of these compounds on nutrient digestibility or voluntary feed intake are alleviated. With the inverse relationship between fiber content and energy digestibility being well described for several feed ingredients, it is only logical that development of processing techniques or enzymes that degrade fiber, and thereby improve energy digestibility or voluntary feed intake, will be both metabolically and economically beneficial to pork production.

关键词： Energy Enzymes Fiber Growing-finishing pigs nutrient digestibility Processing

Optimal batch shipment policy for an imperfect production system under price-,advertisementand green-sensitive demand

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Management Analytics 2022年第1期9卷 86-119页

作者： Bibhas c.Giri Anamika Dash Department of Mathematics Jadavpur UniversityKolkataIndia

In this paper,we consider an imperfect production-inventory system which consists of a single manufacturer and a single *** manufacturer delivers the order quantity to the retailer in some unequal-sized *** separate the defective items,the retailer performs an error-free screening process after receiving each delivery from the *** in retailer’s inventory is allowed and completely *** customer demand is influenced by the retail price,advertisement frequency and greening level of the *** centralized model and the decentralized model based on a Stackelberg gaming approach are developed to determine optimal pricing,advertising and inventory decisions.A cost-sharing contract between the manufacturer and the retailer is implemented,which enhances the environmental performance,advertisement frequency and profitability of the supply chain *** proposed model is illustrated with a numerical *** analysis for some key parameters is carried out and several managerial insights are also highlighted.

关键词： Imperfect production unequal batch shipment price- advertisementand green-sensitive demand cost-sharing contract

Additive effects of functionally dissimilar above- and belowground organisms on a grassland plant community

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Plant Ecology 2011年第4期4卷 221-227页

作者： Susanne Wurst Matthias c.Rillig Plant Ecology/Functional Biodiversity Dahlem Centre of Plant SciencesInstitut für BiologieFreie Universität BerlinAltensteinstr.614195 BerlinGermany

In nature,plant communities are affected simultaneously by a variety of functionally dissimilar organisms both above and below the ***,there is a gap of knowledge on interactive effects of functionally dissimilar organisms on plant communities that is needed to be filled to better understand and predict the general impact of biotic factors on plant *** We conducted a full-factorial mesocosm study to investigate the individual and combined impacts of above-and belowground functionally dissimilar organisms on a grassland plant *** studied the effects of aboveground herbivores(Helix aspersa,Gastropoda),arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF;Glomus spp.,Glomeromycota)and endogeic earthworms(Aporrectodea spp.,Lumbricidae)on the diversity,structure and productivity of an experimental grassland plant community and each *** Findings Aboveground herbivory by snails decreased,AMF increased and earthworms had no effects on the diversity of the grassland plant community,while their combined effects were *** biomass of the plant community was negatively affected by snails and AMF,while no effects of earthworms or interaction effects were *** plant species were differently affected by snails and *** effects of the above-and belowground organisms on each other’s performance were *** the effects of the functionally dissimilar organisms on the grassland plant community were mainly independent,the results indicate that their combined effects may be predicted by knowing the individual effects,at least under the conditions used in the present mesocosm study.

关键词： aboveground–belowground interactions AMF earthworms snails

Supplementation of Vitamin E and c Reduces Oxidative Stress in Broiler Breeder Hens during Summer

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Food and nutrition Sciences 2013年第8期4卷 33-37页

作者： B. P. Jena n. Panda R. c. Patra P. K. Mishra n. c. Behura B. Panigrahi De- partment of Livestock Production and Management College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT) Bhubaneswar India. Department of Poultry Science College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Orissa University of Agriculture and Tech- nology (OUAT) Bhubaneswar India Department of Poultry Science College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Orissa University of Agriculture and Tech- nology (OUAT) Bhubaneswar India Department of Animal nutrition College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT) Bhubaneswar India Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT) Bhubaneswar India

The present experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of vitamin E and c supplementation on the antioxidant status of broiler breeder hens during summer. Two hundred seventy broiler breeder birds (coloured) were divided into nine groups with three replicates having 10 birds in each, and were supplemented two levels of antioxidant vitamins E (250 mg or 500 mg/kg) or c (200 mg or 400 mg/kg) alone or in combinations for a period of 8 weeks. All the vitamin supplemented groups showed significantly lowered malondialdehyde (MDA) level, higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (cAT) enzymes and higher Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) activities in erythrocytes than control. However, supplementation with combination of vitamins proved to be better than individual supplementation. It could be concluded that the combination of vitamins c and E at lower level (@ 200 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg, respectively) had higher erythrocytic antioxidant status in coloured broiler breeder hens as compared to individual vitamin supplementation during hot and humid stress.

关键词： Vitamin E Vitamin c Antioxidant Status Hen Summer