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International Journal of Smart and nano Materials 2024年第3期15卷 534-578页

作者： n.K.Karthikeyan S.Elavenil School of civil Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiIndia

In material science,c.nverting waste into nanomaterials by green tec.nologies highlights the interest in produc.ng sus-tainable carbon nanomaterial(Scn).This study first-ever uti-lized tyre-char as a nano-Structure Pyrolytic carbon(nSPc)to develop electrically c.nductive *** other car-bon nanomaterials,the efficiency of nSPc particle as an Scn in developing electrically c.nductive composites was investi-gated in terms of dispersion,mechanical,water absorption,electrical resistivity,and *** results of sedi-mentation and zeta potential(-19 mV)showed the excellent dispersion of nSPc particle in water with the combined effect of superplasticizer and *** compressive(40.37%)and flexural strength(10.76%)than that of plain cement mortar composite(cMc)is achieved with 2 wt.%and 1.5 wt.%of nSPc particle,*** water absorption rate and volume of permeable voids were reduced,exhibiting less *** percolation zone of Ac and Dc resis-tivity of nSPc composite ranges between 1 and 2 wt.%,and the established percolation threshold is at 2 wt.%.XRD analysis showed c-S-H formation c.nsistently increased with curing age,and HR-SEM with EDAX analysis exhibits the dense micro-structure and well-distributed nSPc particle at the *** experimental outcomes signific.ntly enhanced the relia-bility and provided a framework for tailoring nSPc particle as Scn for developing electrically c.nductive composite.

关键词： Sustainable nanomaterial dispersion mechanical properties electrical resistivity microstructure analysis

light sheet microscope sc.nning of biointegrated microlasers for localized refractive index sensing

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1673-1680页

作者： ROSS c.cOWIE MARcEl ScHUBERT SUPA School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK Humboldt c.ntre for nano and Biophotonics Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneCologneGermany

Whispering gallery mode(WGM)microlasers are highly sensitive to localized refractive index changes allowing to link their emission spectrum to various chemical,mechanical,or physical *** rec.ntly found applications in biological studies within single cells,in three-dimensional samples such as multicellular spheroids,or in ***,detailed studies of biological samples also need to account for the structural heterogeneity of tissues and live animals,therefore requiring a combination of high-resolution microscopy and laser ***,we design and c.nstruct a light sheet fluoresc.nce microscope with a coupled spectrometer for use in microlaser studies for combined high-resolution,high-speed imaging and WGM spectral *** light sheet illumination profile and the decoupled geometry of excitation and emission hereby directly affect the lasing and sensing properties,mainly through geometric c.nstraints and by light coupling *** demonstrate the basic working principle of microlaser spectroscopy under light sheet excitation and measure the absolute refractive index within agarose and in zebrafish tail muscle *** further analyze the light coupling c.nditions that lead to the occurrence of two separate oscillation *** so-called cross modes c.n be sc.nned around the entire microlaser surface,which allows to estimate a surface-averaged refractive index profile of the microlaser environment.

关键词： refractive index excitation

Hepatic angiotensin-c.nverting enzyme 2 expression in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and in patients with fatal cOVID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3705-3716页

作者： Angus K Jacobs Steven D Morley Kay Samuel Katie Morgan lyndsey Boswell Timothy J Kendall David A Dorward Jonathan A Fallowfield Peter c Hayes John n Plevris Hepatology laboratory University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom Scottish national Blood Transfusion Service Jack Copland CentreEdinburgh EH144BEUnited Kingdom Institute for Regeneration and Repair University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164UUUnited Kingdom Edinburgh Pathology University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom

BAcKGROUnD Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASlD),characterised by hepatic lipid accumulation,causes inflammation and oxidative stress accompanied by cell damage and *** injury(lI)is also frequently reported in patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19),while preexisting MASlD increases the risk of lI and the development of cOVID-19-associated *** of injury at the cellular level remain unclear,but it may be signific.nt that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-coV-2)which causes cOVID-19,uses angiotensin-c.nverting expression enzyme 2(AcE2),a key regulator of the‘anti-inflammatory’arm of the renin-angiotensin system,for viral attachment and host cell *** To determine if hepatic AcE2 levels are altered during progression of MASlD and in patients who died with severe *** AcE2 protein levels and localisation,and histological fibrosis and lipid droplet accumulation as markers of MASlD were determined in formalin-fixed liver tissue sections across the MASlD pathological spectrum(isolated hepatocellular steatosis,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)+/-fibrosis,end-stage cirrhosis)and in post-mortem tissues from patients who had died with severe cOVID-19,using AcE2 immunohistochemistry and haematoxylin and eosin and picrosirius red staining of total collagen and lipid droplet areas,followed by quantification using machine learning-based image pixel *** AcE2 staining is primarily intracellular and c.nc.ntrated in the cytoplasm of c.ntrilobular hepatocytes and apical membranes of bile duct ***,AcE2 protein levels are elevated in non-fibrotic MASH compared to healthy c.ntrols but not in the progression to MASH with fibrosis and in ***2 protein levels and histological fibrosis are not associated,but AcE2 and liver lipid droplet c.ntent are signific.ntly correlated across the MASlD *** A

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Angiotensin-c.nverting enzyme 2 Immunohistochemistry cOVID-19 cOVID-19-associated cholangiopathy

Eco-Epidemiological characteristics of Human Rabies in côte d’Ivoire, 2012-2017

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 13-23页

作者： Zamina Bi Yourou Guillaume Tiembré Issiaka Konan loukou leandre Bama Martial Yapi Ellélé Aimé Gouzilé Assikohon Pulchérie Dagnan n’cho Simplice national Institute of Public Hygiene Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Département de Santé Publique et Spécialités UFR des Sciences Médicales d’Abidjan Université Félix HOUPHOU&#203T-BOIGNY de Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Institut national de Santé Publique Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Human rabies is a major public health problem in many Afric.n countries, including côte d’Ivoire. The present work aims at describing the eco-epidemiological characteristics of human rabies cases recorded in côte d’Ivoire. Methods: This was a retrospective and prospective cross-sectional descriptive study based on epidemiological surveillance data that ran from september 2014 to december 2017. The clinical data were extracted from the database of the human rabies epidemiological surveillance management service of the national Institute of Public Hygiene’s rabies c.ntre. These data cover the period from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2017. Results: Human rabies is endemic in côte d’Ivoire, with most people exposed in the south and especially in the west of the country. There was no association between any of the climatological parameters (temperature, humidity, rainfall) and the occurrence of human rabies during the months of exposure to rabies infection. c.nclusion: Ultimately, effective prevention and c.ntrol of human rabies requires a thorough understanding of the links between climatological parameters and rabies. Health authorities must take ownership of these results if we are to achieve our goal of eliminating rabies by 2030.

关键词： Human Rabies Season climate Abidjan Ivory coast

Twenty years of population dynamics in European beech-oak forest at their rear range margin anticipate changes in its structure and composition

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 358-370页

作者： álvaro Rubio-cuadrado Iciar Alberdi Isabel c.nellas Fernando Montes Jesús Rodríguez-calcerrada Rosana lópez Guillermo G.Gordaliza María Valbuena-carabana nikos nanos Ramón Perea luis Gil Departamento de dinamica y gestion forestal Instituto de Ciencias Forestales(ICIFOR-INIA)CSICCtra.La Coruna km 7.528040MadridSpain Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos naturales Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería de MontesForestal y del Medio NaturalUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid.Ciudad Universitaria s/n28040MadridSpain School of Forestry and natural Environment Aristotle University of ThessalonikiUniversity Campus54124ThessalonikiGreece

There is an increasing interest in restoring degraded forests,which occupy half of the forest *** the forms of restoration,passive restoration,which involves the elimination of degrading factors and the free evolution of natural dynamics by applying minimal or no management,is gaining *** dynamics is difficult to predict due to the influence of multiple interacting factors such as climatic and edaphic c.nditions,composition and abundance of species,and the successional character of these ***,we study the natural dynamics of a mixed forest located in c.ntral Spain,which maintained an open forest structure,due to intensive use,until grazing and cutting were banned in the *** most frequent woody species in this forest are Fagus sylvatica,Quercus petraea,Quercus pyrenaica,Ilex aquifolium,Sorbus aucuparia,Sorbus aria and Prunus avium,with c.ntrasting shade and drought *** species are common in temperate European deciduous forest and are found here near their southern distribution limit,except for *** order to analyze forest dynamics and composition,three inventories were carried out in 1994,2005 and *** results show that,despite the Mediterranean influence,the natural dynamics of this forest has been mainly determined by different levels of shade *** the abandonment of grazing and cutting,*** expanded rapidly due to its lower shade tolerance,whereas after c.nopy closure and forest densification,shade-tolerant species gained ground,particularly ***,despite its lower drought and late-frost *** the current dynamics c.ntinue,*** will overtake the rest of the species,which will be relegated to sites with shallow soils and steep ***,all the multi-c.ntennial beech trees,which are undergoing a rapid mortality and decline process,will disappear.

关键词： Forest succession Sec.ndary forest Woodland Mixed forest competition Recruitment

A toast to a zebrafish germ cell induction cocktail

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Science china(life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1314-1315页

作者： Mary c.Mullins Department of cell and Developmental Biology University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphia 19104USA

The zebrafish field is ringing in the new year with a publication from Yonghua Sun's laboratory(Wang et al.,2023)of a cocktail of germline factors that c.n induce all cells of the zebrafish embryo into primordial germ cells(PGcs)at phenomenal *** major advance is not only of great interest to germ cell biologists,but it has important applications to the entire zebrafish field,as shown in Wang et al.(2023).

关键词： fish zebra field

Old-growth mixed dipterocarp forests show variable losses and gains in aboveground biomass and standing carbon over forty years

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 14-23页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera champika Bandara Tithira lakkana Shanika Jayasinghe David Woodbury Arun Dayanandan B.M.P.Singhakumara Xiangcheng Mi I.A.U.n.Gunatilleke c.V.S.Gunatilleke Mark SAshton Department of Science and Tec.nology Uva Wellassa UniversityBadullaSri Lanka The Forest School Yale School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenCT06511USA Department of Forestry and Environmental Science University of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka State Key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Botany Department University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Background:no studies have documented long-term trends in aboveground biomass(AGB)for mixed-dipterocarp forests(MDF),the dominant rain forest type in tropical wet equatorial *** our study,we sought to document such trends over forty years across three sites representing lowland to lower montane ***:To do this,we established fifty 100 m×25 m plots in 1978 across three sites sampled along an elevation gradient,identified as mature old-growth *** measured trees for diameter at breast height that we identified to species and *** took wood samples to calculate species wood-specific *** re-measured plots in 1998 and again in ***:We show standing AGB for all sites combined to be 517.52 Mg·ha^(-1)in 1978,but this declined by 17%over 40 years to 430.11 Mg·ha^(-1).no differences exist among sites in AGB primarily because of c.nsiderable within site variation;but interactions of time with site show declines across sites were not uniform,one remained about the *** few species represented a high proportion of the AGB with the top five species comprising between 34%and 65%,depending upon site and year *** species,Mesua nagassarium,represented a disproportionately large amount of AGB and decline over time,particularly at the low elevation ***:Our results are directly relevant to estimating AGB and standing carbon sequestered in *** study is the first to demonstrate varying but overall,declining trends in amounts of AGB among forests making predictions of biomass and standing carbon in MDF difficult over wide regions.

关键词： Western ghats Shorea spp. Southeast Asia Sri lanka Tropical rain forest Wood specific gravity

comprehensive analysis of uncertainty quantification for the^(58)ni(n,p)^(58)co reaction cross section

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chinese Physics c 2024年第9期48卷 170-175页

作者： Mahesh choudhary Aman Sharma namrata Singh Mahima Upadhyay Punit Dubey A.Gandhi Akash Hingu G Mishra Sukanya De l.S.Danu Ajay Kumar R.G.Thomas Saurav Sood Sajin Prasad S.Mukherjee I.n.Ruskov Yu.n.Kopatch A.Kumar Department of Physics Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India Horia Hulubei national Institute of Physics and nuclear Engineering-IFIn-HH Bucharest 077125Romania Department of Physics The Maharaja Sayajirao University of BarodaVadodara 390002India nuclear Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India Health Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India Department of Electrical Power Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBrno 61600Czech Republic Institute for nuclear Research and nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofia 1784Bulgaria Joint Institute for nuclear Research(JInR) Dubna 141980Russia

In this study,we measured the^(58)ni(n,p)^(58)co reaction cross section with neutron energies of 1.06,1.86,and 2.85 *** cross section was measured using neutron activation tec.niques andγ-ray spectroscopy,and it was compared with cross section data available in the ***,we calculated the covariance matrix of the measured cross section for the aforementioned nuclear *** uncertainties of the theoretical calculation for^(58)ni(n,p)^(58)co reaction cross section were calculated via Monte carlo *** this study,we used uncertainties in the optical model and level density parameters to calculate uncertainties in the theoretical cross *** theoretical calculations were performed by using *** this study,we aim to analyze the effect of uncertainties of the nuclear model input as well as different experimental variables used to obtain the values of reaction cross section.

关键词： ^(58)ni(n p)^(58)co reaction γ-ray spectroscopy uncertainty quantification of cross section covariance analysis

Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： Matthew D.Geiger Anne M.lynch Alan G.Palestine nathan c.Grove Karen l.christopher Richard S.Davidson Michael J.Taravella naresh Mandava Jennifer l.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and associated visual outcomes following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of colorado School of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BcVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the *** comorbidities differed by sex,with males having signific.ntly higher perc.ntages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).c.nversely,females had signific.ntly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not signific.nt after adjustment for *** had a signific.ntly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer *** were signific.ntly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%cI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BcVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that c.ntribute to higher rates of some complications for ***,observed surgical complicatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

Academic productivity correlates with industry earnings in foot and ankle fellowship programs in the United States:A retrospective analysis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 129-138页

作者： Albert T Anastasio Anthony n Baumann Kempland c Walley Kyle J Hitchman c.nor O’neill Jonathan Kaplan Samuel B Adams Department of Orthopedic Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27710United States college of Medic.ne Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH 44272United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States School of Osteopathic Medic.ne Campbell UniversityLillingtonNC 27546United States

BAcKGROUnD The study investigates the c.nnection between academic productivity and industry earnings in foot and ankle orthopedic surgery *** metrics like the H-index and Open Payments Database(OPD)data,it addresses a gap in understanding the relationship between scholarly achievements and financial outcomes,providing a basis for further exploration in this specialized medical *** To elucidate the trends between academic productivity and industry earnings across foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowship programs in the United *** This study is a retrospective analysis of the relationship between academic productivity and industry earnings of foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships at an individual faculty and fellowship *** productivity was defined via H-index and recorded from the Scopus *** earnings were recorded from the *** Forty-eight foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships(100%of fellowships)in the United States with a combined total of 165 physicians(95.9%of physicians)were *** individual physician(n=165)total life-time earnings reported on the OPD website was United States Dollar(USD)451430.30±1851084.89(range:USD 25.16-21269249.85;median:USD 27839.80).Mean physician(n=165)H-index as reported on Scopus is 14.24±12.39(range:0-63;median:11).There was a signific.nt but weak correlation between individual physician H-index and individual physician total life-time earnings(Pn’s rho=0.334)and a signific.nt and moderate positive correlation between combined fellowship H-index and total life-time earnings per fellowship(P=0.004,Spearman’s rho=0.409).c.nclUSIOn There is a signific.nt and positive correlation between academic productivity and industry earnings at foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships in the United *** observation is true on an individual physician level as well as on a fellowship level.

关键词： Sunshine act Foot and ankle Orthopedic surgery Orthopedic fellowship Industry earnings