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The replication crisis and its relevance to Earth Science studies:case studies and recommendations

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 304-314页

作者： Stephen J.Puetz Kent c.condie Kurt Sundell Nick m.W.Roberts christopher J.Spencer Slah Boulila Qiuming cheng 475 Atkinson Dr Suite 704HonoluluHI 96814USA New mexico Institute of mining and Technology SocorroNM 87801USA Idaho State University PocatelloID 83209USA Geochronology and Tracers Facility British Geological SurveyKeyworthNottingham NG125GGUK Queen’s University Department of Geological Sciences and Geological EngineeringKingstonOntario K7L 3N6Canada Sorbonne Université CNRSInstitut des Sciences de la Terre ParisParisFrance State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Numerous scientific fields are facing a replication crisis,where the results of a study often cannot be replicated when a new study uses independent *** issue has been particularly emphasized in psychology,health,and medicine,as incorrect results in these fields could have serious consequences,where lives might be at *** other fields have also highlighted significant replication problems,the Earth Sciences seem to be an *** paucity of Earth Science research aimed at understanding the replication crisis prompted this ***,this work aims to fill that gap by seeking to replicate geological results involving various types of *** identify and discuss 11 key variables for replicating U-Pb age distributions:independent data,global sampling,proxy data,data quality,disproportionate non-random sampling,stratigraphic bias,potential filtering bias,accuracy and precision,correlating time-series segments,testing assumptions and divergent analytical methods,and analytical *** while this work primarily focuses on U-Pb age distributions,most of these factors(or variations of them)also apply to other geoscience ***,some of the discussions involve time-series consisting ofεHf,δ18O-zircon,14c,10Be,marineδ13c,and marineδ*** then provide specific recommendations for minimizing adverse effects related to these factors,and in the process enhancing prospects for replicating geological results.

关键词： Replication crisis Replicability Independent data Global time-series Globality index Filtered data

Biofabrication of nanocomposite-based scaffolds containing human bone extracellularmatrix for the differentiation of skeletal stem and progenitor cells

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Bio-Design and manufacturing 2024年第2期7卷 121-136页

作者： Yang-Hee Kim Janos m.Kanczler Stuart Lanham Andrew Rawlings marta Roldo Gianluca Tozzi Jonathan I.Dawson Gianluca cidonio Richard O.c.Oreffo Faculty of medicine Bone and Joint Research GroupCentre for Human DevelopmentStem Cells and RegenerationInstitute of Developmental SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12DTUK School of Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversity of GreenwichGreenwich ME44TBUK center for Life Nano-and Neuro-Science(cLN2S) Italian Institute of Technology00161 RomeItaly

Autograft or metal implants are routinely used in skeletal ***,they fail to provide long-term clinical resolution,necessitating a functional biomimetic tissue engineering *** use of native human bone tissue for synthesizing a biomimeticmaterial inkfor three-dimensional(3D)bioprintingof skeletal tissueis anattractivestrategyfor ***,human bone extracellular matrix(bone-Ecm)offers an exciting potential for the development of an appropriate microenvironment for human bone marrow stromal cells(HBmScs)to proliferate and differentiate along the osteogenic *** this study,we engineered a novel material ink(LAB)by blending human bone-Ecm(B)with nanoclay(L,Laponite®)and alginate(A)polymers using extrusion-based *** inclusion of the nanoﬁller and polymeric material increased the rheology,printability,and drug retention properties and,critically,the preservation of HBmScs viability upon *** composite of human bone-Ecm-based 3D constructs containing vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)enhanced vascularization after implantation in an ex vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane(cAm)*** inclusion of bone morphogenetic protein-2(BmP-2)with the HBmScs further enhanced vascularization and mineralization after only seven *** study demonstrates the synergistic combination of nanoclay with biomimetic materials(alginate and bone-Ecm)to support the formation of osteogenic tissue both in vitro and ex vivo and offers a promising novel 3D bioprinting approach to personalized skeletal tissue repair.

关键词： Extracellular matrix Nanoclay Bone 3D bioprinting

Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation with Underlying coronary Artery Disease after cOVID-19 Vaccine-Kounis Syndrome or coincidence

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case Reports in clinical medicine 2024年第8期13卷 309-314页

作者： Elaine m. c. chau cardiology centre Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital Hong Kong SAR China

A 63-year-old man with diabetes and asymptomatic coronary artery disease developed refractory ventricular arrhythmia at 20 hours at rest after his second cOVID-19 vaccine. Despite significant stenosis in the coronary arteries, there was no evidence of acute or old myocardial infarction, heart failure, myocarditis or structural abnormalities on post-mortem to account for the substrate for the fatal arrhythmia. The refractory and incessant nature of the ventricular fibrillation and post-mortem finding of a grossly elevated unexplained IgE level (in the absence of acute myocardial infarction) suggested the possibility of Kounis Syndrome or allergic acute coronary syndrome.

关键词： Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation cOVID-19 Vaccine Kounis Syndrome

Adaptive marine Predator Optimization Algorithm(AOmA)-Deep Supervised Learning classification(DSLc)based IDS framework for mANET security

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Intelligent and converged Networks 2024年第1期5卷 1-18页

作者： m.Sahaya Sheela A.Gnana Soundari Aditya mudigonda c.Kalpana K.Suresh K.Somasundaram Yousef Farhaoui Department of Electronics and communication Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai 600069India Department of computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSIMATSChennai 602105India JNIAS School of Planning and Architecture Hyderabad 500034India Department of computer Science and Engineering NPR College of Engineering and TechnologyNatham Dindigul 624401India Department of computer Science and Engineering PSNA College of Engineering and TechnologyPoolangulathupatti 620009India Department of computer Science and Engineering Sri Muthukumaran Institute of TechnologyChennai 600069India Department of computer Science Moulay Ismail UniversityMeknes 5003Morocco

Due to the dynamic nature and node mobility,assuring the security of mobile Ad-hoc Networks(mANET)is one of the difficult and challenging tasks *** mANET,the Intrusion Detection System(IDS)is crucial because it aids in the identification and detection of malicious attacks that impair the network’s regular *** machine learning and deep learning methodologies are used for this purpose in the conventional works to ensure increased security of ***,it still has significant flaws,including increased algorithmic complexity,lower system performance,and a higher rate of ***,the goal of this paper is to create an intelligent IDS framework for significantly enhancing mANET security through the use of deep learning ***,the min-max normalization model is applied to preprocess the given cyber-attack datasets for normalizing the attributes or fields,which increases the overall intrusion detection performance of ***,a novel Adaptive marine Predator Optimization Algorithm(AOmA)is implemented to choose the optimal features for improving the speed and intrusion detection performance of ***,the Deep Supervise Learning classification(DSLc)mechanism is utilized to predict and categorize the type of intrusion based on proper learning and training *** evaluation,the performance and results of the proposed AOmA-DSLc based IDS methodology is validated and compared using various performance measures and benchmarking datasets.

关键词： Intrusion Detection System(IDS) Security mobile Ad-hoc Network(mANET) min-max normalization Adaptive marine Predator Optimization Algorithm(AOmA) Deep Supervise Learning classification(DSLc)

A Preliminary comparative Study on the centering Algorithms for cassiniISS NAc Images

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 58-65页

作者： T.Liang Q.-F.Zhang G.-m.Liu W.-H.Zhu c.-S.Wang Department of computer Science Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Astrometry Dynamics and Space ScienceJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China School of computer Science Guangdong University of EducationGuangzhou 510303China

Obtaining high precision is an important consideration for astrometric studies using images from the Narrow Angle camera(NAc)of the cassini Imaging Science Subsystem(ISS).Selecting the best centering algorithm is key to enhancing astrometric *** this study,we compared the accuracy of five centering algorithms:Gaussian fitting,the modified moments method,and three point-spread function(PSF)fitting methods(effective PSF(ePSF),PSFEx,and extended PSF(x PSF)from the cassini Imaging central Laboratory for Operations(cIcLOPS)).We assessed these algorithms using 70 ISS NAc star field images taken with cL1 and cL2 filters across different stellar *** ePSF method consistently demonstrated the highest accuracy,achieving precision below 0.03 pixels for stars of magnitude *** to the previously considered best,the modified moments method,the e PSF method improved overall accuracy by about 10%and 21%in the sample and line directions,***,the xPSF model provided by cIcLOPS had lower precision than the ***,the ePSF exhibits an improvement in measurement precision of 23%and 17%in the sample and line directions,respectively,over the *** discrepancy might be attributed to the xPSF focusing on photometry rather than *** findings highlight the necessity of constructing PSF models specifically tailored for astrometric purposes in NAc images and provide guidance for enhancing astrometric measurements using these ISS NAc images.

关键词： methods:analytical techniques:image processing stars:imaging astrometry

Large dinosaur egg accumulations and their significance for understanding nesting behaviour

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 467-488页

作者： L.Ezquerro R.coimbra B.Bauluz c.Núñez-Lahuerta T.Román-Berdiel m.moreno-Azanza Departamento de Geodinámica Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFacultad de Ciencias GeológicasUniversidad Complutense de MadridC/JoséAntonio Novais1228040MadridSpain Aragosaurus-IUcA:Recursos Geológicos y Paleoambientales.Departamento de ciencias de la Tierra.Facultad de ciencias Universidad de ZaragozaC/Pedro Cerbuna 1250009 ZaragozaSpain museu da Lourinha LourinhaPortugal GeoBioTec Department of Earth SciencesNOVA School of Science and TechnologyUniversidade Nova de LisboaCaparicaPortugal GeoBioTec Departamento de GeocienciasUniversidade de AveiroAveiroPortugal Insitut catalàde Paleoecologia Humana i EvolucióSocial(IPHES-cERcA) Zona Educacional 4Campus Sescelades URV(Edifici W3)43007 TarragonaSpain Departament d´Història i Història de l´Art Universitat Rovira i VirgiliAv.Catalunya 3543002 TarragonaSpain Geotransfer IUcA Departamento de Ciencias de La TierraFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de ZaragozaZaragozaSpain

The accurate identification of dinosaur egg accumulations as nests or clutches is crucial for understanding the reproductive behaviour of these extinct ***,existing methods often rely on the presence of complete eggs and embryo remains,and sedimentological criteria that are only applicable to well-structured *** this study,we introduce an innovative approach to characterize egg accumulations in structureless sediments,where traditional nest structures may not be *** methodology employs a unique combination of sedimentological,taphonomic,geochemical,and geophysical proxies for the study of egg *** applied this approach to the egg accumulation from Paimogo(Jurassic,Portugal),traditionally interpreted as a *** findings reveal that the Paimogo egg assemblage is a secondary deposit,resulting from a flooding event in a fluvial plain that dismantled several allosauroid and crocodylomorph *** eggshell vapor conductance results,coupled with sedimentological evidence,suggest that allosauroid dinosaurs buried their eggs in the dry terrain of overbank areas close to a main channel during the breeding season,likely during the dry season to prevent the embryos from *** research underscores the necessity of multidisciplinary approaches in interpreting egg accumulations and offers a novel methodology for studying these accumulations in structureless *** findings provide new insights into the breeding behaviour and nesting preferences of these extinct organisms,contributing to our understanding of dinosaur ecology.

关键词： Breeding behaviour Theropod Taphonomy Stable isotopes magnetic susceptibility Jurassic

Language Assessment Feedback Towards Pedagogical conversational Agent

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Sino-US English Teaching 2024年第5期21卷 201-216页

作者： Bhagya Prabhashini c m.Latha Jazan University JazanK.S.A. K.L.E.F. Andhra PradeshIndia

continuous development of technology provides an opportunity to incorporate feedback in online *** mode of online instruction during the pandemic was the most significant survival *** enabled every teacher and student to enter a virtual classroom to make sense of *** is part of language instruction and is a powerful key to improving students’learning *** plays an influential and crucial role in teaching and *** is an invaluable,ultimate learning tool for learners that aids them in not committing the same error again and creates ***,knowing about formative exam feedback is students’right because quality feedback allures *** students’eagerness,providing feedback is considered a good practice to be followed by all the teaching *** of online feedback,the present study attempts to study how pedagogical agents provide online feedback in language *** study also considers the characteristics of pedagogical conversational agents that are suitable for providing feedback in online language *** put,the study encapsulates that screen agents play an essential role in students’motivation and acceptability of learning through feedback.

关键词： feedback learning performance online language assessment pedagogical conversational agents

mid-term survival of the Optimys short stem: A prospective case series of 500 patients

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期15卷 257-265页

作者： Bryan Hamans Sheryl de Waard Sjoerd Kaarsemaker Esther R c Janssen Inger N Sierevelt Gino m m J Kerkhoffs Daniël Haverkamp Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Xpert ClinicAmsterdam 1101EANetherlands Department of Orthopedic Surgery Amsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Esther R c Janssen Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryViecuri Medisch CentrumVenlo 5912 BLNetherlands centre for Orthopaedic Research Spaarne ZiekenhuisHoofddorp 2134 TMNetherlands Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports medicine Amsterdam UMC-Location AMCAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Department of Orthopedic Surgery Xpert Orthopedic Surgery ClinicAmsterdam 1101 EANetherlands

BAcKGROUND In recent years,there has been an increase in the number of total hip arthroplasty procedures in the younger patient *** active group has higher expectations of their prosthesis in comparison to the older population,and there is a greater physical demand for the *** femoral stems were in-troduced to retain proximal bone stock and joint biomechanics and became more common to implant in this specific ***,the long-term survival and functional outcomes of various short stems are still being investigated in different *** To determine the 5-year survival of the Optimys hip *** This was a prospective multicenter cohort study of 500 patients conducted in two hospitals in the *** patients received the Optimys short stem(mathys Ltd,Bettlach,Switzerland).The primary outcome measure was survival of the hip stem,with revision as the *** secondary outcome measurements included patient-reported outcome measures(PROms).Kaplan-meier analysis was used to calculate the 5-year survival ***-minus-log transformation was performed to calculate the 95%confidence interval(95%cI).mixed model analyses were performed to assess the course of the PROms during the 1st 2 years after *** were modeled separately for the 1st and 2nd years to calculate the yearly change in PROms during both follow-up periods with accompanying 95%*** The mean age of the total 500 patients was 62.3 years(standard deviation:10.6)and 202 were male(40%).At a median follow-up of 5.5 years(interquartile range:4.5-6.7),7 patients were deceased and 6 revisions were registered,for infection(n=3),subsidence(n=2)and malposition(n=1).This resulted in an overall 5-year survival of 98.8%(95%cI:97.3-99.5).If infection was left out as reason for revision,a stem survival of 99.4%(95%cI:98.1-99.8)was *** questionnaires were completed by 471 patients(94%),317 patients(63%)completed the 1-year follow-up questionna

关键词： Total hip arthroplasty Femoral stem Short stem Optimys Survival 5-year survival Revision PROms

Spatial analysis of Dengue through the reproduction numbers relating to socioeconomic features:case studies on two Brazilian urban centers

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Infectious Disease modelling 2024年第1期9卷 142-157页

作者： Ana T.c.Silva Rejane c.Dorn Lívia R.Tomás Leonardo B.L.Santos Lacita m.Skalinski Suani T.R.Pinho Departamento de Física Universidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaAv.Transnordestinas/n.Novo HorizonteFeira de Santana44036-900BABrazil Instituto de Física Universidade Federal da BahiaRua Barão de Jeremoabo s/nCampus Universitário de OndinaSalvador40170-115BABrazil centro Nacional de monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais(cEmADEN) Estrada Dr.Altino Bondensan500São Josédos Campos12247-016SPBrazil Universidade Estadual de Santa cruz Campus Soane Nazaréde AndradeRodovia Jorge AmadoKm 16SalobrinhoIlhéus45662-900BABrazil Instituto de Saúde coletiva Universidade Federal da BahiaR.Basílio da Gamas/n-CanelaSalvador40110-140BABrazil Instituto Nacional de ciência e Tecnologia-Sistemas complexos Virtual InstitutionBrazil

The study of the propagation of infectious diseases in urban centers finds a close connection with their population's social characteristics and *** work performs a spatial analysis of dengue cases in urban centers based on the basic reproduction numbers,R0,and incidence by planning areas(PAs),as well as their correlations with the Human Development Index(HDI)and the number of *** analyzed dengue epidemics in 2002 at two Brazilian urban centers,Belo Horizonte(BH)and Rio de Janeiro(RJ),using PAs as spatial *** results reveal heterogeneous spatial scenarios for both cities,with very weak correlations between R0 and both the number of trips and the HDI;in BH,the values of R0 show a less spatial heterogeneous pattern than in *** BH,there are moderate correlations between incidence and both the number of trips and the HDI;meanwhile,they weakly correlate for ***,the absence of strong correlations between the considered measures indicates that the transmission process should be treated considering the city as a whole.

关键词： Dengue mathematical mode lBasic reproduction number Urban mobility Urban indices