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Gut microbiota shifts in hepatitis B-related portal hypertension after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt:Mechanistic and clinical implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 134-137页

作者： Qi-Rong Jiang da-Wu Zeng Department of Hepatology Hepatology Research InstituteThe First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350004Fujian ProvinceChina

In this article,we provide commentary on the recent article by Zhao et *** focus on the shifts in the gut microbiota of patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)-associated cirrhosis/portal hypertension(PH)following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPs)and the implications for understanding the mechanisms,diagnosis,and *** comparing the gut microbiota composition and dynamic changes before and after TIPs in patients with and without hepatic encephalopathy,the authors found an increase in non-probiotic bacteria in those who developed hepatic encephalopathy post-TIPs,with Morganella species present only in the hepatic encephalopathy *** gut microbiota changes post-TIPs among patients without the occurrence of hepatic encephalopathy suggest potential therapeutic benefits through prophylactic microbiome ***,the specific gut microbiota alterations may hold promise to predict the risk of hepatic encephalopathy in individuals undergoing TIPs for HBVrelated *** these promising findings,future studies are needed to address limitations,including a small sample size,a relatively short evaluation period for gut microbiota alterations,the absence of data on dynamic alterations in gut microbiota post-TIPs and their correlation with blood ammonia levels,and the lack of validation in animal *** conclusion,Zhao et al's study has shed new light on the link of gut microbiota with post-TIPs hepatic encephalopathy,potentially through the intricate gut-liver axis,and has important clinical implications for improving the management of patients with HBV-related PH.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus cirrhosis Portal hypertension Hepatic encephalopathy Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Gut microbiota

serological surveillance for sARs-coV-2 antibodies among students,faculty and staff within a large university system during the pandemic

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 99-107页

作者： Marcos G Pinheiro Gabriela G O Alves Maria Eduarda R conde sofia l costa Regina c s sant’Anna Isa M F Antunes Mônica c carneiro Fabio s Ronzei Julia c scaffo Felipe R Pinheiro lialyz s Andre Helvecio c Povoa Valéria T Baltar Fabíola Giordani Eduarda s Hemerly Gisele c Alexandre Karla c de Paula Márcio Watanabe Antonio claudio l da Nóbrega Jackeline christiane P lobato Fabio Aguiar-Alves laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Biotechnology Rodolpho Albino University LaboratoryFluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24241000Rio de JaneiroBrazil Estácio de sáUniversity Nova Friburgo 28611135Rio de JaneiroBrazil Pathology Program Medicine schoolFluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24070090Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Pharmaceutical sciences Lloyd L.Gregory School of PharmacyPalm Beach Atlantic UniversityWest Palm BeachFL 33401United States Health Institute of Nova Friburgo Fluminense Federal UniversityNova Friburgo 28613001Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Collective Health(ISC)Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24033900Rio de JaneiroBrazil Institute of Physical Education Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24020005Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of statistics Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24210200Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24210130Rio de JaneiroBrazil

BAcKGROUND At the end of December 2019,the world faced severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2(sARs-coV-2),which led to the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19),associated with respiratory *** virus has shown significant challenges,especially for senior citizens,patients with other underlying illnesses,or those with a sedentary *** tests conducted early on have helped identify how the virus is transmitted and how to curb its *** study hypothesis was that the rapid serological test for sARs-coV-2 antibodies could indicate the immunoreactive profile during the cOVID-19 pandemic in a university *** To conduct active surveillance for serological expression of anti-sARs-coV-2 antibodies in individuals within a university setting during the cOVID-19 *** This sectional study by convenience sampling was conducted in a large university in Niteroi-RJ,Brazil,from March 2021 to July *** study population consisted of students,faculty,and administrative staff employed by the university.A total of 3433 faculty members,60703 students,and 3812 administrative staff were invited to *** were gathered through rapid serological tests to detect immunoglobulin(Ig)M and IgG against ***χ²or Fisher's exact test was used to conduct statistical analysis.A 0.20 significance level was adopted for variable selection in a multiple logistic regression model to evaluate *** A total of 1648 individuals were enrolled in the *** proportion of cOVID-19 positivity was 164/1648(9.8%).The adjusted logistic model indicate a positive association between the expression of IgM or IgG and age[odds ratio(OR)=1.16,95%cI:1.02-1.31](Pls who had been in contact with a cOVID-19-positive case(OR=3.49,95%cI:2.34-5.37)(Pse who had received the cOVID-19 vaccine(OR=2.33,95%cI:1.61-3.35)(Psocial isolation(OR=0.59,95%cI:0.41-0.84)(Plikelihood of sho

关键词： serological surveillance sARs-coV-2 antibodies cOVID-19 serological rapid test Risk factors for cOVID-19

Photobiomodulation:a novel approach to promote trans-differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into neuronal-like cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 598-608页

作者： daniella da s.lva Madeleen Jansen van Rensburg Anine crous Heidi Abrahamse laser Research centre Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of JohannesburgDoornfonteinJohannesburgSouth Africa

Photobiomodulation,originally used red and near-infrared lasers,can alter cellular *** has been demonstrated that the visible spectrum at 451-540 nm does not necessarily increase cell proliferation,near-infrared light promotes adipose stem cell proliferation and affects adipose stem cell migration,which is necessary for the cells homing to the site of *** this in vitro study,we explored the potential of adipose-derived stem cells to differentiate into neurons for future translational regenerative treatments in neurodegenerative disorders and brain *** investigated the effects of various biological and chemical inducers on trans-differentiation and evaluated the impact of photobiomodulation using 825 nm near-infrared and 525 nm green laser light at 5 J/*** adipose-derived stem cells can be used in autologous grafting and photobiomodulation has been shown to have biostimulatory *** findings reveal that adipose-derived stem cells can indeed trans-differentiate into neuronal cells when exposed to inducers,with pre-induced cells exhibiting higher rates of proliferation and trans-differentiation compared with the control ***,green laser light stimulation led to notable morphological changes indicative of enhanced trans-differentiation,while near-infrared photobiomodulation notably increased the expression of neuronal *** biochemical analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays,we observed marked improvements in viability,proliferation,membrane permeability,and mitochondrial membrane potential,as well as increased protein levels of neuron-specific enolase and ciliary neurotrophic ***,our results demonstrate the efficacy of photobiomodulation in enhancing the trans-differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells,offering promising prospects for their use in regenerative medicine for neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries.

关键词： differentiation inducers green photobiomodulation immortalized adipose-derived stem cell near-infrared photobiomodulation neurodegenerative disease neurogenesis photobiomodulation trans-differentiation

Emerging role of A-kinase anchoring protein 5 signaling in reward circuit function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2913-2914页

作者： William J.Flerlage Mark l.Dell’Acqua Brian M.cox Fereshteh s.Nugent Uniformed services University of the Health sciences Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsBethesdaMDUSA Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA

There is a strong evidence supporting the hypothesis of synaptic dysfunction as a major contributor to neural circuit and network disruption underlying emotional and mood dysregulation in psychiatric disorders(simmons et al.,2024).Diverse sets of distinct molecular signaling pathways converge on the synapse to regulate synaptogenesis,synaptic function,and synaptic plasticity in brain regions and circuits through complex interactions organized by numerous multivalent protein scaffolds,including the family of proteins known as A-kinase anchoring proteins(AKAPs).

关键词： function supporting

Getting physical with medical education:Exercise based virtual anatomy review classes for medical students

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 20-25页

作者： Nadeesha R samarasinghe Taniya s Nagpal Michele l Barbeau charys M Martin Division of General surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z3BCCanada Faculty of Kinesiology Sport and RecreationUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2R3ABCanada Anatomy and cell Biology University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada Department of Anatomy and cell Biology Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryThe University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada

The benefits of regular physical activity are well ***,few studies have examined the effectiveness of integrating physical activity(PA)into curricula within a post-secondary *** investigate the incorporation of PA into medical curriculum,we developed a series of optional exercise-based review sessions designed to reinforce musculoskeletal(MsK)anatomy course *** synchronous sessions were co-taught by a group fitness instructor and an anatomy *** fitness instructor would lead students through both strength and yoga style exercises,while the anatomy instructor asked questions about relevant anatomical structures related to course material previously *** the sessions,participants were asked to evaluate the classes on their self-reported exam preparedness in improving MsK anatomy knowledge,PA levels,and mental *** participants completed surveys;a majority agreed that the classes increased understanding of MsK concepts(90.0%)and activity levels(97.7%).Many(70.0%)felt that the classes helped reduce *** majority of respondents(90.0%)agreed that the classes contributed to increased feelings of social ***,medical students saw benefit in PA based interventions to supplement MsK course *** with increasing activity levels and promoting health behaviours,integrating PA into medical curriculum may improve comprehension of learning material,alleviate stress and foster social connectivity among medical students.

关键词： Medical education Musculoskeletal Anatomy Exercise Online learning

combination approaches in hepatocellular carcinoma:How systemic treatment can benefit candidates to locoregional modalities

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第28期28卷 3573-3585页

作者： leonardo Gomes da Fonseca Raphael l c Araujo Department of Medical Oncology Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao PauloUniversity of Sao PauloSão Paulo 01246-000São PauloBrazil Hospital e Maternidade Brasil-Rede D'Or são luiz Santo André09030-590São PauloBrazil Department of Digestive surgery Escola Paulista de Medicina-UNIFESPSão Paulo 04023-062São PauloBrazil

The management of hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)is challenging because most patients have underlying cirrhosis,and the treatment provides,historically,a limited impact on the natural history of patients with advanced-stage ***,recurrence rates are high for those patients who receive local and locoregional modalities,such as surgical(resection and transplantation)or imageguided(ablation and intra-arterial)*** research has led to new concepts that are reshaping the current clinical *** advancements were achieved in the understanding of the hallmarks that drive *** has primed a successful incorporation of novel agents with different targets,such as anti-angiogenic drugs,targeted-therapies,and immune-checkpoint *** clinical trials have proven efficacy of systemic agents in advanced stage disease,there is no conclusive evidence to support their use in combination with loco-regional *** novel local modalities are being incorporated(e.g.,radioembolization,microwave ablation,and irreversible electroporation),emerging data indicate that locoregional treatments may induce tumor microenvironment changes,such as hyperexpression of growth factors,release of tumor antigens,infiltration of cytotoxic lymphocytes,and modulation of adaptative and innate immune *** trials that evaluated the use of antiangiogenic drugs in the adjuvant setting after ablation or chemoembolization fail to demonstrate a substantial *** efforts are directed to investigate the role of immunotherapy-based regimens in this *** present review aims to describe the current landscape of systemic and locoregional treatments for Hcc,present evidence to support combination approaches,and address future perspectives.

关键词： liver cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma Immunotherapy systemic therapy Ablation Embolization

Resource management at the network edge for federated learning

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Digital communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 765-782页

作者： s.lvana Trindade luiz F.Bittencourt Nelson l.s.da Fonseca Institute of computing State University of CampinasCampinasBrazil

Federated learning has been explored as a promising solution for training machine learning models at the network edge,without sharing private user *** limited resources at the edge,new solutions must be developed to leverage the software and hardware resources as the existing solutions did not focus on resource management for network edge,specially for federated *** this paper,we describe the recent work on resource manage-ment at the edge and explore the challenges and future directions to allow the execution of federated learning at the *** such as the discovery of resources,deployment,load balancing,migration,and energy effi-ciency are discussed in the paper.

关键词： Resource management Edge computing Federated learning Machine learning

King's college criteria and the clichy-Villejuif criteria require adjustments for assessing acute liver failure due to yellow fever

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第1期15卷 124-134页

作者： Bruno da s.lva Athanasio Antonio Marcio de Faria Andrade Vivian Vasconcelos costa Juliano Felix castro silverio leonardo Macedo Garcia Mauro Martins Teixeira daniele da Gloria souza Paula Vieira Teixeira Vidigal cristiano Xavier lima Department of surgery Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil liver Transplantation Unit Felicio Rocho HospitalBelo Horizonte 30110-934Minas GeraisBrazil Department of Morphology Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901Minas GeraisBrazil Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901Minas GeraisBrazil Department of Pathology Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil

BAcKGROUND Acute liver failure(AlF)is a severe condition characterized by rapid deterioration of liver function in individuals without preexisting liver *** transplantation(lT)is the most impactful *** fever(YF)is an infectious disease that primarily affects the liver and has a high mortality ***,lT can be a viable option for treating rare cases with extensive liver ***,the criteria for assessing the severity of AlF and determining the indications for transplantation have not been specifically validated for cases caused by *** To present necessary adjustments to established scoring systems for AlF secondary to *** This was an observational,retrospective,single-center *** consecutive patients with confirmed AlF due to YF were monitored in the intensive care unit by a specialized liver transplant team during a three-month epidemic outbreak in *** hospitalization,general supportive therapeutic measures were implemented,and the patients were regularly assessed using the King's college criteria and the clichy-Villejuif criteria to determine the severity of liver *** is considered a viable measure for patients with signs of end-stage liver *** Eight of 14(57%)patients developed severe neurological alterations within the first 96 hours after hospital *** patients underwent emergency lT,and despite a moderate viral infection of the graft after transplantation,the 5-year survival rate was 50%.Although the King's college criteria and the clichy-Villejuif criteria are the main scoring systems for AlF,they are insufficient for predicting the risk of mortality in this context,primarily because of low serum bilirubin levels in the final stage of the disease and significant disparities between coagulation abnormalities and patient *** To ensure good applicability in cases of YF-induced AlF,the authors suggest adaptations to the King's college and clichy-Vill

关键词： Yellow fever Acute liver failure liver transplantation King's college criteria clichy-Villejuif criteria

structural and photoluminescent properties of the MgGa_(2)O_(4):co^(2+)ceramic compound revisited after two decades

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Journal of Advanced ceramics 2015年第4期4卷 267-271页

作者： s.s.PEDRO M.A.F.M.da s.lva A.lÓPEZ,l.P.sOsMAN Instituto de Física Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRJ 20550-900Brazil

In this work,we revisit and show how the structural and photoluminescent properties of the MgGa_(2)O_(4) ceramic compound have been kept unchanged for more than two *** obtained results confirm the high quality,radiative efficiency,and chemical stability of this ceramic,proving that the material is a strong candidate to be used in optical device applications with relatively long useful life.

关键词： ceramic compound cobalt solid-state reaction photoluminescence