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Excessive Drowsiness among Truck Drivers in Benin in 2023: Associated Factors and Risk of crashes Occurrence

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 167-179页

作者： Mongbo Virginie Mobali Wilondja célestin Kpozehouen Alphonse Department of Health Policies and Systems Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin Ministry of Health Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Epidemiology and Bio-Statistics Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin

Introduction: Over-drowsiness is a condition with serious consequences, including road accidents. The condition, however, is often ignored both by carers as well as victims themselves. The aim of the present study was to investigate the factors associated with excessive drowsiness in cotonou, Benin 2023, along with its influence on the occurrence of crashes among truck drivers. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, held from March 13 to April 10, 2023, focusing on large truck drivers over 18 years of age, selected by convenience from parking lots in and around the city of cotonou. Data collected using questionnaires on socio-demographic and behavioral factors, sleeping habits and working conditions were processed using Stata 15.0 software. Excessive drowsiness was defined by a score above 10 on the Epworth scale. Associated factors were found by multiple logistic regression, at a threshold of 0.05. Results: Altogether 304 drivers, all male and aged 35.98 ± 8.42 years, were surveyed. The prevalence of excessive drowsiness was 29.2%. The associated factors identified were not practicing sport OR = 2.27, cI95% = [1.33;3.86], p = 0,002;sleep duration per working day OR = 1.82;cI95% = [1.06;3.11], p = 0,027 and average distance travelled per day OR = 3.40;cI95% = [1.53;7.56], p = 0,003. Excessive drowsiness was associated with a 1.73-fold increased risk of road accidents (cI95% [1.04;2.87];p = 0.03). conclusion: communicating excessive drowsiness and its associated factors to all the stakeholders in the haulage chain is essential to help prevent road accidents.

关键词： Drowsiness Large Trucks Accidents Benin

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专著:中美社科学术体系的比较与展望

东南学术 2024年第1期 103-113,248页

作者：黄宗智赵珊美国加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶校区历史系天津商业大学法学院

改革学术评价体系,是推动学术高质量发展的重要路径之一,对此,国外先进经验有一定参考价值。在社会科学学术体系中,美国形成了以投入三四年的博士学位论文为基础、再加上六七年的后续研究的重量级专著传统。它固然存在广泛偏重主观理论... 详细信息

改革学术评价体系,是推动学术高质量发展的重要路径之一,对此,国外先进经验有一定参考价值。在社会科学学术体系中,美国形成了以投入三四年的博士学位论文为基础、再加上六七年的后续研究的重量级专著传统。它固然存在广泛偏重主观理论过于客观经验研究,偏重建构理想化的、逻辑上前后一贯的理论模式的弱点,但奠定了其在国际社科学术领域的重要地位。中国的博士学位论文制度在实际运作中则表现出深层的矛盾,没有形成较为重量级专著传统,因此使中国自身的学术水平提升受到一定限制。目前的中国社科学术体系亟须改革,需要从国家层面鼓励结合中国实际的重量级经验研究与新型社科理论的专著,来塑造具有中国主体性的专著体系。

关键词：中美专著环境美国的专著传统中国的社科学术体系新型社科理论创建

齐墩果醇酸对化学物质致小鼠急性肝损伤的保肝作用(英文)

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中国药理学报 1995年第2期16卷 97-102页

作者：刘杰刘亚平 curtis D klaassen University of Kansas Medical center Kansas City KS 66160-7417 USA

目的:评价齐墩果醇酸(OA)对急性肝损伤的保肝作用.方法:小鼠sc OA 200 μmol·kg^(-1)三天,然后给予肝毒物.通过病理组织学观察及测定血清丙氨酸转氨酶和艾杜糖醇脱氢酶活性来估价肝损伤.结果:OA能明显减轻四氯化碳,溴苯,醋氨酚,速尿,... 详细信息

目的:评价齐墩果醇酸(OA)对急性肝损伤的保肝作用.方法:小鼠sc OA 200 μmol·kg^(-1)三天,然后给予肝毒物.通过病理组织学观察及测定血清丙氨酸转氨酶和艾杜糖醇脱氢酶活性来估价肝损伤.结果:OA能明显减轻四氯化碳,溴苯,醋氨酚,速尿,硫代乙酰胺,鬼笔毒环肽,秋水仙硷,氯化镉,D—半乳糖胺和内毒素等所致小鼠急性坏死性肝损伤,降低这些肝毒物所引起的血清转氨酶和艾杜糖醇脱氢酶的升高,但对氯仿,二甲亚硝氨,鹅膏菌索和烯丙醇的毒性无作用.结论:OA能减轻多种化学物质(但并非全部)引起的肝损伤.其保肝机制可能是多方面的.

关键词：齐墩果醇酸药理醋氨酚镉中毒内毒素

Non-Linear Matrix completion

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第1期12卷 115-137页

作者： Fengrui Zhang Randy c. Paffenroth David Worth Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA USA

current methods for predicting missing values in datasets often rely on simplistic approaches such as taking median value of attributes, limiting their applicability. Real-world observations can be diverse, taking stock price as example, ranging from prices post-IPO to values before a company’s collapse, or instances where certain data points are missing due to stock suspension. In this paper, we propose a novel approach using Nonlinear Matrix completion (NIMc) and Deep Matrix completion (DIMc) to predict associations, and conduct experiment on financial data between dates and stocks. Our method leverages various types of stock observations to capture latent factors explaining the observed date-stock associations. Notably, our approach is nonlinear, making it suitable for datasets with nonlinear structures, such as the Russell 3000. Unlike traditional methods that may suffer from information loss, NIMc and DIMc maintain nearly complete information, especially in high-dimensional parameters. We compared our approach with state-of-the-art linear methods, including Inductive Matrix completion, Nonlinear Inductive Matrix completion, and Deep Inductive Matrix completion. Our findings show that the nonlinear matrix completion method is particularly effective for handling nonlinear structured data, as exemplified by the Russell 3000. Additionally, we validate the information loss of the three methods across different dimensionalities.

关键词： Matrix completion Data Pipeline Machine Learning

The Utilization of Low Frequency Raman Spectra of Gases for the Study of Molecules with Large Amplitude Vibration

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光散射学报 2009年第3期21卷 201-215页

作者： James R.Durig Sarah Xiao-hua Zhou Joshua klaassen Arindam Ganguly University of Missouri-Kansas city

The utilization of the Raman spectra of the low frequency bending mode for three quasi-linear molecules: disiloxane,(SiH3)2O;methylisocyanate,cH3NcO;and dimethylisocyanate,(cH3)2SiHNcO for observing the low frequency anharmonic bending vibration is demonstrated which is superior to the corresponding far infrared *** the observed frequencies from the Raman spectra the potential function governing the heavy atom motion to linearity has been obtained from which the barrier has been *** experimental values are compared to the ab initio predicted *** low frequency Raman spectra of the ring puckering vibration of chlorocyclobutane,c-c4H7cl,bromocyclobutane,c-c4H7Br,and aminocyclobutane,c-c4H7NH2,have been utilized to obtain the potential function governing the ring inversion for these *** determined barriers to planarity are compared to those obtained from MP2(full) ab initio and density functional theory B3LYP calculations by utilizing a variety of basis *** all of these studies it is shown that the Raman spectra are superior to the infrared spectra for determining the frequencies of the excited state transitions.

关键词：硅氧烷远红外光谱拉曼光谱密度泛函理论

Effects of sebum properties on skin friction:investigation using a bench test

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2020年第2期6卷 43-47页

作者： Kerlen T.Korbeld Michel klaassen Rikeen D.Jobanputra Erik Gde Vries Marc A.Masen Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Groningen9700 ABThe Netherlands Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW72AZUK Universiteit Twente EnschedeOverijssel7500 AEThe Netherlands

The hydro lipid film is an emulsion of sweat and sebum that covers the surface of the human skin and affects the tribological properties of the human *** study investigates the effects of the composition of the sebum on the average coefficient of friction.A range of simplified sebums was developed and the friction behaviour was *** realistic sebums showed a strong variation in friction results,indicating that interpersonal differences in frictional behaviour might have their origin in differences in sebum composition.A more detailed investigation employing controlled variations of individual ingredients showed that friction is highly sensitive to the amount of squalene in the *** amount of fatty acids in the sebum also showed some effects,whilst the amount of cholesterol does not appear to be relevant for the friction *** main new outcome from this study is that the composition of sebum has a significant effect on the friction response of skin in ways that are currently not yet fully understood.

关键词： friction behaviour properties

A medium chain fatty acid, 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid (6-HHA), protects against obesity and insulin resistance

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1892-1894页

作者： Sara c.Sebag Meihua Hao Qingwen Qian chawin Upara Qiong Ding Min Zhu Jeffrey A.Banas Huojun cao Liu Hong Ling Yang Department of Anatomy and cell Biology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIA 52242USA Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research center University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIA 52242USA Pappajohn Biomedical Institute University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIA 52242USA Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research University of Iowa College of DentistryIowa CityIA 52242USA

To the Editor,Obesity,one of the most serious health concerns worldwide,exacerbates periodontitis pathogenesis and reduces the effectiveness of ***,periodontitis-associated inflammation disrupts systemic lipid and glucose homeostasis,the major risk factors for developing obesity-associated *** studies have demonstrated that certain supplemental dietary lipids such as dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids,have beneficial outcomes for diabetic and obese *** addition to dietary lipid supply,the oral and gut microbiota produce fatty acids(FAs)which provide the host with essential nutrients and aid in defense against *** medium chain FAs(McFAs;6–12 carbons)are bacterial-derived lipids shown to have anti-inflammatory and insulin sensitization effects in diverse cell types such as ***,whether and to what extent oral microbiota-produced McFAs may ameliorate obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction are largely unknown.

关键词： obesity dietary lipids

Postbiotics from Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation stabilize microbiota in rumen liquid digesta during grain-based subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA) in lactating dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第05期 2059-2080页

作者： Junfei Guo Zhengxiao Zhang Le Luo Guan Ilkyu Yoon Jan c.Plaizier Ehsan Khafipour Department of Animal Science University of Manitoba Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Department University of Alberta Faculty of Land and Food Systems University of British Columbia Diamond V Cedar Rapids

Background Subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA) is a common metabolic disorder of high yielding dairy cows, and it is associated with dysbiosis of the rumen and gut microbiome and host inflammation. This study evaluated the impact of two postbiotics from Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products(ScFP) on rumen liquid associated microbiota of lactating dairy cows subjected to repeated grain-based SARA challenges. A total of 32 rumen cannulated cows were randomly assigned to 4 treatments from 4 weeks before until 12 weeks after parturition. Treatment groups included a control diet or diets supplemented with postbiotics(ScFPa, 14 g/d Original XPc; ScFPb-1X, 19 g/d Nutri Tek; ScFPb-2X, 38 g/d Nutri Tek, Diamond V, cedar Rapids, IA, USA). Grain-based SARA challenges were conducted during week 5(SARA1) and week 8(SARA2) after parturition by replacing 20% DM of the base total mixed ration(TMR) with pellets containing 50% ground barley and 50% ground wheat. Total DNA from rumen liquid samples was subjected to V3–V4 16S r RNA gene amplicon sequencing. characteristics of rumen microbiota were compared among treatments and SARA *** Both SARA challenges reduced the diversity and richness of rumen liquid microbiota, altered the overall composition(β-diversity), and its predicted functionality including carbohydrates and amino acids metabolic pathways. The SARA challenges also reduced the number of significant associations among different taxa, number of hub taxa and their composition in the microbial co-occurrence networks. Supplementation with ScFP postbiotics, in particular ScFPb-2X, enhanced the robustness of the rumen microbiota. The ScFP supplemented cows had less fluctuation in relative abundances of community members when exposed to SARA challenges. The ScFP supplementation promoted the populations of lactate utilizing and fibrolytic bacteria, including members of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, and also increased the numbers of hub taxa during non-SARA an

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Synthetic high-density lipoprotein(sHDL): a bioinspired nanotherapeutics for managing periapical bone inflammation

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第03期 460-470页

作者： Renan Dal-Fabbro Minzhi Yu Ling Mei Hajime Sasaki Anna Schwendeman Marco c. Bottino Department of cariology Restorative Sciences and Endodontics School of Dentistry University of Michigan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Biointerfaces Institute University of Michigan Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering University of Michigan

Apical periodontitis（AP） is a dental-driven condition caused by pathogens and their toxins infecting the inner portion of the tooth（i.e., dental pulp tissue）, resulting in inflammation and apical bone resorption affecting 50% of the worldwide population, with more than 15 million root canals performed annually in the United States. current treatment involves cleaning and decontaminating the infected tissue with chemo-mechanical approaches and materials introduced years ago, such as calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide–eugenol, or even formalin products. Here, we present, for the first time, a nanotherapeutics based on using synthetic highdensity lipoprotein（sHDL） as an innovative and safe strategy to manage dental bone inflammation. sHDL application in concentrations ranging from 25 μg to 100 μg/mL decreases nuclear factor Kappa B（NF-κB） activation promoted by an inflammatory stimulus（lipopolysaccharide, LPS）. Moreover, sHDL at 500 μg/mL concentration markedly decreases in vitro osteoclastogenesis（P ction in an inflammatory state. Notably, sHDL strongly dampens the Toll-Like Receptor signaling pathway facing LPS stimulation, mainly by downregulating at least 3-fold the pro-inflammatory genes, such as Il1b, Il1a, Il6, Ptgs2, and Tnf. In vivo, the lipoprotein nanoparticle applied after NaOcl reduced bone resorption volume to（1.3 ± 0.05） mm3and attenuated the inflammatory reaction after treatment to（1 090 ± 184） cells compared to non-treated animals that had（2.9 ± 0.6） mm3（P = 0.012 3） and（2 443 ± 931） cells（P = 0.004）, thus highlighting its promising clinical potential as an alternative therapeutic for managing dental bone inflammation.

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