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Effects of temperature, hypoxia, ammonia and nitrate on the bleaching among three coral species

chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第18期49卷 1923-1928页

作者： ZHUBaohua WANGGuangce HUANGBo c.k.tseng BTPJ3keyLaboratoryofExperimentalMarineBiology InstituteofOceanologyChineseAcademyofSciencesQingdao266071China TheOceancollegeofHainanUniversity Haikou570228China

coral bleaching, which is defined as the loss of colour in corals due to the loss of their symbiotic algae (commonly called zooxanthellae) or pigments or both, is oc-curring globally at increasing rates, and its harm becomes more and more serious during these two decades. The sig-nificance of these bleaching events to the health of coral reef ecosystems is extreme, as bleached corals exhibited high mortality, reduced fecundity and productivity and increased susceptibility to diseases. This decreased coral fitness is easily to lead to reef degradation and ultimately to the breakdown of the coral reef ecosystems. Recently, the reasons leading to coral bleaching are thought to be as follows: too high or too low temperature, excess ultraviolet exposure, heavy metal pollution, cyanide poison and seasonal cycle. To date there has been little knowledge of whether mariculture can result in coral bleaching and which substance has the worst effect on corals. And no research was conducted on the effect of hypoxia on corals. To address these questions, effects of tem-perature, hypoxia, ammonia and nitrate on bleaching of three coral species were studied through examination of morphology and the measurement of the number of symbi-otic algae of three coral species Acropora nobilis, Palythoa sp. and Alveopora verrilliana. Results showed that increase in temperature and decrease in dissolved oxygen could lead to increasing number of symbiotic algae and more serious bleaching. In addition, the concentration of 0.001 mmol/L ammonia or nitrate could increase significantly the expulsion of the symbiotic algae of the three coral species. Except for Acropora nobilis, the numbers of symbiotic algae of other two corals did not significantly increase with the increasing con-centration of ammonia and nitrate. Furthermore, different hosts have different stress susceptibilities on coral bleaching.

关键词：鹿角珊瑚属温度组织缺氧氨硝酸钾漂白珊瑚生态系统虫黄藻

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STUDIES ON THE GEPPELLA(cHLOROPHYTA) OF XISHA ISLANDS,SOUTH cHINA SEA

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1983年第2期1卷 190-197页

作者： c.k.tseng Institute of Oceanology Academia Sinica

The genus Geppellais a small group of tropical and subtropical *** was establishedby Boergesen in 1940 on the basis of its uncalciferous frond and its characteristic of annularattachments of the filaments,with *** Boergesen as the type of the *** four more species have been described,namely,*** Dawson(1959),***-caulos cribb(1960),*** Tanaka(1963),and *** Tanaka et Itono(1977).The species *** was reported by Dawson from Isla San Francisco(Gulf of california)and the Marshall Islands,central Pacific,and later removed by Tanaka and Itono(1977)from the genus Geppella because of the absence of blade and of annular attachments of

关键词： cHLOROPHYTA OF XISHA ISLANDS,SOUTH cHINA SEA STUDIES ON THE GEPPELLA

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PRELIMINARY REPORT ON SUSPENSION cULTURE OF cLON OF PORPHYRA YEZOENSIS cONcHOSPORANGIAL FILAMENTS IN THE PRODUcTION OF cONcHOSPORES FOR PURPLE LAVER AQUAcULTURE

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海洋与湖沼 1996年第6期 668-669页

作者： c.k.tseng

For the aquaculture of Porphyra, seedling is a key link. At present,carpospores of the hara are sown on molluscan shells and the conchocelis stage is produced. The latter gives rise to the concho sporangial filaments, finally produces conchospores. Production nets are provided on which the liberated conchospores attach and grow. The whole process takes 5 - 6 months, and a large area of ponds have to be devoted to culture of the conchocelis in shells. Iwasaki et al. (1963) reported on cultivation of the free-living conchocelis. But it still had to be sown on molluscan shells and cultivated in ponds. It seems that only the conchocelis growing in shells are capable of producing conchospores. At present sithelar method is employed in china. Therefore it is of great importance whether suspension cultivation of concho-sprangial filaments without the shells are able to produce conchospores.

关键词： Porphyra yezoensis clon of concho-sporangial filaments Suspension culture

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TWO NEW BROWN ALGAE FROM THE XISHA ISLANDS,SOUTH cHINA SEA

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1983年第2期1卷 185-189页

作者： c.k.tseng Institute of Oceanology Academia Sinica

In our phycological trips to the Xisha Islands,Guangdong Province,South chinaSea in 1976 and 1980,two interesting brown algae had attracted our special *** them was a Hydroclathrus,evidently more delicate and slender than *** com-monly met with in the South china Sea *** other was a Turbinaria,characterizedby especially small *** studies of the two algae with other known speciesof the two genera concerned showed sufficient differences to warrant their statuses as un-

关键词： TWO NEW BROWN ALGAE FROM THE XISHA ISLANDS,SOUTH cHINA SEA AST

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ON TWO NEW SPEcIES OF GARDNERULA(cYANOPHYTA) AND THE TAXONOMY OF THE GENUS

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chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1982年第1期1卷 111-120页

作者： c.k.tseng Institute of Oceanology Academia Sinica

In 1975, 1976 and 1980 we collected from Jinyindao (Jinyin Isle) and chenhangdao (chenhang Isle) of the Xisha Islands, South china Sea six numbers of upright-growing, repeatedly branched, filiform cyanophyceous seaweeds. More than one thousand specimens were collected, and detailed studies showed that they belong to the little known tropical cyanophyte Gardnerula de Toni, not previously reported from the chinese waters. Gardnerula (Rivulariaceae, Nostocales) was established by de Toni in 1936 to receive Microcoleus corymbosa Harvey (1857) from key West, Florida, Polythrix spongiosa Zanardini (1872) from Singapore and Sirocoleum jensenii Weber-van Bosse (1926) from kei Island,

关键词： ON TWO NEW SPEcIES OF GARDNERULA AND THE TAXONOMY OF THE GENUS cYANOPHYTA

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STUDIES ON THE DASYcLADALES (cHLOROPHYTA) OF cHINA

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chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1985年第1期3卷 1-22页

作者： c.k.tseng Institute of Ocenanology Academia Sinica Qingdao

A review of the previous reports on species of Dasycladales in china shows there are to date eleven species. In the present report four more unrecorded species are added to the chinese marine flora, making a total of fifteen species belonging to three genera in two families. Most of these species are confined to the Hainan Island and Xisha Islands, only a few species extending northward to the southern coast of Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces and southern Taiwan. Descriptions of these species together with a working key are presented in this paper.

关键词： cHLOROPHYTA OF cHINA STUDIES ON THE DASYcLADALES PI view

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大力加强海洋生物技术的研究

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海洋科学 1999年第1期23卷 1-2页

作者：曾呈奎中国科学院海洋研究所青岛266071

我们即将进入海洋世纪.海洋生物技术或海洋生物工程自从80年代起就受到科学家的重视,发展一直非常迅速.第四届国际海洋生物技术会议去年在意大利召开,进行了5个大会讲演(keynote lecture), 由著名科学家、斯坦福大学教授***等5人做了报... 详细信息

我们即将进入海洋世纪.海洋生物技术或海洋生物工程自从80年代起就受到科学家的重视,发展一直非常迅速.第四届国际海洋生物技术会议去年在意大利召开,进行了5个大会讲演(keynote lecture), 由著名科学家、斯坦福大学教授***等5人做了报告;此外,还有8场小组报告会(Oral session),4场登贴报告会(Poster session)和11个讨论会(Workshop).参加会议的有1 000多人,仅摘要集就有361页之多.这个会议的首次预备会议是1989年在日本东京召开的,当时参加者只有几十人,我也参加了并做了一个报告,在10年之内竟发展到这样大的规模.

关键词：海洋生物技术水产养殖海水养鱼贝类养殖

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FOREWORD

引用

chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1982年第1期1卷 1-4页

作者： c.k.tseng President the chinese Society of Oceanology and Limnology Editor-in-chief Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica

Oceanology and limnology are two closely related multidisciplinary sciences dealing with the biological, chemical, physical, geological and other static and dynamic aspects of the waters, oceans and seas in the former, and streams, lakes and ponds in the latter. The two sister sciences, with a rather long history by themselves, have made especially good progress in their development since World War Ⅱ. In 1942, Sverdrup, Johnson and Fleming were able to summarize the important achievements of oceanographic explorations and researches since the challenger Expedition and wrote a book in one single volume of 1087 pages——'The Oceans——Their Physics, chemistry and General Biology'. Nowadays, it would be practically impossible for anyone to bring out a one volume book on oceanology

关键词： FOREWORD

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THE EFFEcT OF pH ON BOTH SPEcTRAL TYPES OFR-PHYcOERYTHRIN

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chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1987年第1期5卷 73-79页

作者：潘忠正周百成曾呈奎 c.k.tseng (Institute of Oceanology Academia Sinica Qingdao

There are two spectral types of R-phycoerythrin （RPE） in red algae. One is the triple peak type RPE with absorption maxima at 498,540 and 565 nm. The other is the double peak type RPE with absorption maxima at 498 and 565 nm, and an absorption shoulder at 540 nm. The former is present only in higher classes of the more advanced Floridcophyceae, the latter occurs chiefly in the more primitive Bangiophy-ceae. When these two types of RPE are treated with buffer solutions with a broad pH range from 2.0 to 11.0, their absorption and fluorescence spectra remain unchanged within the range adjacent to neutral pH. At pH values higher than 9.6, the absorption and fluorescence spectra of triple peak type RPE still remain stable, but the absorption spectra of double peak type RPE produce gradually a protrusion similar to an absorption peak at about 540 nm. This phennomenon shows that there are certain differences in structure between these two types of RPE. Both types of RPE are naturally occurring products showing

关键词： THE EFFEcT OF pH ON BOTH SPEcTRAL TYPES OFR-PHYcOERYTHRIN RPE pH

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坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)丝状孢子体EST的获取及其生物信息学分析

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海洋与湖沼 2005年第5期36卷 452-458页

作者：庞国兴王广策胡松年曾呈奎中国科学院海洋研究所中国科学院基因组中心北京101300

采用改进的一步法提取坛紫菜丝状孢子体的总RNA,构建了坛紫菜丝状孢子体的cDNA文库,对测序得到的EST进行分析并与条斑紫菜的EST相比较。结果表明,cDNA文库共包含2.5×105个克隆,测序得到490个EST,其中275个与已知功能基因同源,占56.1%,... 详细信息

采用改进的一步法提取坛紫菜丝状孢子体的总RNA,构建了坛紫菜丝状孢子体的cDNA文库,对测序得到的EST进行分析并与条斑紫菜的EST相比较。结果表明,cDNA文库共包含2.5×105个克隆,测序得到490个EST,其中275个与已知功能基因同源,占56.1%,260个EST与已知的条斑紫菜EST同源,占53.0%。使用GO(Gene Ontology)分类方法对275个EST进行分类,其中226个可归属于细胞组分(cellular component)、分子功能(Molecular function)和生物学过程(Biological process)三个大类,而其余49个则为未知功能的EST。挑选出与条斑紫菜同源性高的28个EST,这些EST所包括的密码子数为3221个,发现密码子第三位的平均Gc含量远高于第一位的平均Gc含量和第二位的平均Gc含量。统计坛紫菜丝状孢子体3221个密码子的使用频率,发现同义密码子第三位碱基偏好使用G或c。

关键词：坛紫菜 EST Gc含量密码子

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