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Physiological roles of activins in the human ovary

Journal of Bio-X Research 2018年第3期1卷 111-119页

作者： Hsun-Ming chang Peter c.k.leung Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology BC Children’s Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada

Initially discovered in the pituitary as stimulators of follicle stimulating hormone,activins are homo-or heterodimers of inhibin subunits,which belong to the transforming growth factor-b *** studies have demonstrated that these growth factors play multifaceted roles in regulating various functions in multiple organs,including the *** spatial and temporal expression of inhibin subunits(a,bA,bB,and bc),their cognate receptors,and activin-binding proteins(inhibins and follistatins)in the principal cells of growing follicles in human ovaries indicates that these activin isoforms are involved in ovarian *** collected from animal studies and clinical samples suggests that these locally produced growth factors are crucial modulators of various ovarian functions,including primordial germ cell development,follicular growth and development,ovarian steroidogenesis,extracellular matrix remodeling,oocyte maturation,ovulation,and luteal *** with gonadotropins,intrafollicular activins exert synergistic and complementary effects on growing follicles to help them develop a mature,competent oocyte that is prepared for *** activin expression,an imbalanced activin/follistatin ratio,and the dysregulation of the activin signaling pathway have been observed in several ovarian pathologies,such as reproductive aging,polycystic ovary syndrome,and ovarian *** advancements in our understanding of the molecular interactions and mechanisms that underlie activins and the development of related ovarian abnormalities have provided insights into disease pathogenesis and increased opportunities to achieve efficient and safe therapies.

关键词： activin follicular development ovarian aging ovarian cancer ovary polycystic ovary

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TRANSPORT PLANNING FOR NEW TOWN DEVELOPMENT:EXPERIENcE OF HONG kONG

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1994年第Z1期4卷 1-13页

作者： E.SW.Lee c.k.leung Department of Geography and Geology University of HongKongHongKongChina

Since the 1960s, Hong kongs new towns have been builton the assumption that they could be socially and economically selfcontained entities. A study of the linkage between three new townsand metropolitan area confirms that substantial commuting trips arestill made. The new towns serve as dormitories for people workingin the metropolitan area. The commuters' reliance on publictransport is significant. The towns are thus far from self-containedeven aller 20 years of development. The public transport network,trip rate, peak factor, purpose, mode choice, costs and journey time,are signilicantly different from those originally estimated. Thesemay be related to distance from the metropolitan area,theavailability of modes, the structure of the public transport netwrk,and changs in the economical structure of Hong kong. lt suggeststhat the direct and indiscriminant importation of Westernplanning practice to plan new towns with an oriental socio-economicsetting deserves critical review.

关键词： new town development transport planning

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Optical and thermal performance analysis of aerogel glazing technology in a commercial building of Hong kong

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能源与人工环境(英文) 2020年第2期1卷 215-223页

作者： c.k.leung L.Lu Y.Liu H.S.cheng Jeff H.Tse Department of Building Services Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityZS850Block ZHung HomKowloonHong KongChina college of civil Engineering Hunan UniversityChangshaHunan 410082China Electrical and Mechanical Services Department HKSARHong KongChina

Improving the thermal insulation of glazing units is a common strategy of reducing building energy use for spacing *** paper newly examined the application of aerogel glazing technology in Hong kong by the means of laboratory testing and *** prototypes of granular aerogel glazing were selected to examine their optical properties,and the measured optical properties of aerogel were used to calculate the total window thermal performance indices.A typical 40-story commercial office building was chosen for energy simulation to compare the thermal performance of aerogel glazing with different glazing technologies in Hong *** results showed that aerogel glazing could achieve the promising reduction of window heat gain up to 57%and cooling energy up to 8.5%compared with double *** heat insulation performance of aerogel glazing is even better than the double glazing with low-E coating in Hong ***,aerogel glazing can be a good alternative of glazing to comply with the existing local Overall Thermal Transfer Value(OTTV)requirement and to reduce the building energy use for space cooling in Hong kong and other regions.

关键词： Glazing technology Aerogel glazing Building energy saving

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Recent progress in the treatment of women with diminished ovarian reserve

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Gynecology and Obstetrics clinical Medicine 2021年第4期1卷 186-189页

作者： Jingwen Yin Hsun-Ming chang Rong Li Peter c.k.leung center for Reproductive Medicine Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking University Third HospitalChina National clinical Research center for Obstetrics and Gynecology(Peking University Third Hospital) China key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction(Peking University) Ministry of EducationChina Beijing key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology China Department of Obstetrics and Gynelogy University of British ColumbiaAnd BC Children's Hospital Research InstituteVancouverBritish ColumbiaV5Z 4H4Canada

Diminished ovarian reserve(DOR)refers to a decrease in the number and/or quality of oocytes in the ovary,accompanied by a decline in reproductive potential,which is generally related to advanced age or ovarian *** in vitro fertilization(IVF)clinical practice,managing patients with DOR remains one of the most challenging *** recent years,increased research on improving ovarian function has provided us with new insights into treating patients with *** therapeutic options have been proposed to improve the ovarian function of patients with DOR,yet they are not widely utilized in clinical practice because of limited evidence of safety and *** this review,we focus on the mechanisms from animal models and clinical trials that have been applied to the treatment of DOR in recent years,intending to improve IVF outcomes in patients with ***,new insights and perspectives on the molecular and cellular regulation of follicular development and ovarian reserve are emphasized to provide more clues for research on the treatment of DOR.

关键词： Diminished ovarian reserve Infertility In vitro fertilization Ovarian function Oocyte quality Embryo quality

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Gonadotropins anad Ovarian cancer cell Growth

Gonadotropins anad Ovarian Cancer Cell Growth

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第一届中华医学会生殖医学分会、中国动物学会生殖生物学分会联合年会

作者： Peter c.k.leung Department of Obs & Gyn University of British Columbia Canada

Human ovarian cancer cells express gonadotropin receptors, i.e., FSH receptor (FSHR) and LH receptor (LHR). However, whether or not gonadotropins plays a role in ovarian cancer progression is still ambiguous. To investigate this possibility, the FSHR was over-expressed in SV40 Tag immortalized ovarian surface epithelial (lOSE) cells, which are pre-neoplastic and non-tumorigenic. These cells showed increased levels of epithelial growth factor receptor, HER-2/neu, and c-myc and constitutive activation of

关键词： Gonadotropins anad Ovarian cancer cell Growth

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GDF-9 Stimulates Human Granulosa cell Proliferation through Inhibition of the cyclin-Dependent kinase Inhibitors p15INk4b and p16INk4a

GDF-9 Stimulates Human Granulosa Cell Proliferation through ...

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第一届中华医学会生殖医学分会、中国动物学会生殖生物学分会联合年会

作者： Nelly Auersperg Peter c.k.leung Dept. Obstetrics and Gynecology University of British Columbia Vancouver B.C. Canada.

During follicular development, granulosa cell proliferation and differentiation are dependent on both endocrine factors and intra-ovarian paracrine factors. Among the latter, the members of the TGF-β superfamily are prominent, especially growth differentiation factor -9 (GDF-9). GDF-9 has been shown to promote ovarian follicle growth and granulosa cell proliferation in rodents and bovine both in vivo and in vitro. In this study, with primary cultures of human granulosa-luteal cells and a SV-40 Tag-immortalized

关键词： GDF-9 Stimulates Human Granulosa cell Proliferation through Inhibition of the cyclin-Dependent kinase Inhibitors p15 cyclin and p16 INk4a INk4b

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考虑转捩影响的翼型动态失速数值模拟

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空气动力学学报 2008年第1期26卷 50-55页

作者：钱炜祺 Randolph c. k. leung 中国空气动力研究与发展中心四川绵阳621000 香港理工大学机械工程学系中国香港九龙红磡

用数值求解雷诺平均NS方程的方法来对考虑转捩影响的中低雷诺数下振荡翼型动态失速进行数值模拟,计算中采用了k-ωSST两方程湍流模式,并加入chen-Thyson转捩模型来模拟流动中的转捩效应。采用该方法分别对雷诺数Re=1.35×105和Re=7.7×... 详细信息

用数值求解雷诺平均NS方程的方法来对考虑转捩影响的中低雷诺数下振荡翼型动态失速进行数值模拟,计算中采用了k-ωSST两方程湍流模式,并加入chen-Thyson转捩模型来模拟流动中的转捩效应。采用该方法分别对雷诺数Re=1.35×105和Re=7.7×104情况下NAcA0012翼型的动态失速进行了数值模拟。计算结果显示:计算出的翼型动态失速气动力系数迟滞曲线与实测结果符合较好;对于Re=7.7×104的工况,实测的升力系数迟滞曲线中出现了高频振荡,计算结果有效地捕捉到了这一流动现象,并通过分析瞬时流线的计算结果揭示出尾缘涡的涡脱落是引起该高频振荡的主要原因。此外,通过数值计算分析了中低雷诺数下减缩频率对升力系数迟滞曲线的影响,从结果中看到,随着减缩频率的增加,翼型的失速攻角值会增加,升力系数峰值会增加;当减缩频率减小时,升力系数曲线中的高频振荡频率会增加。通过进一步计算分析知,升力曲线中高频振荡的产生不仅取决于减缩频率,还取决于流动的雷诺数,只有在中低雷诺数、较小的减缩频率下翼型动态失速的升力迟滞曲线中才有可能出现高频振荡。

关键词：翼型动态失速 k-ω SST两方程湍流模式转捩 chen—Thyson转捩模型

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HAS THE PEARL RIVER DELTA BEEN AN EXPORT-ORIENTED EcONOMY?

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1994年第Z2期4卷 1-24页

作者： c.k.leung Becky P. Y.Loo(Department of Geography and Geology, The University of Hong kongPokfulam Road, Hong kong)

Ever since the introduction of the Open Door Policy, the Pearl River Delta (PRD) has enjoyed very phenomenal export and economic growth. As a result, many scholars have tried to associate the two phenomena and described the region as an,'export-oriented economy'.However, these studies, mostly based on the rapid export growth of the PRD and its status as the most important exporting area of the country,have not paid any heed to the actual export-orientation of the regional economy and, hence, cannot prove that the PRD has been a 'truly'export-oriented economy. in view of these shortcomings. the present paper attempts to re-examine the issue from the viewpoint of the PRD's local economy, at both the regional and county levels. The study period is from 1981 to 1990. Judging from the export-dependency indices and the relative importance of exports in accounting for the economic growth and industrialization of the PRD, this paper concludes that the region, though having signs of increasing export-orientation, cannot be categorized as a 'truly' export-oriented economy. In addition, it also shows that most of the 'evidences' or 'common beliefs' behind the notion of an export-oriented economy in the RD are illusionary, if not erroneous. Finally, the paper explores into the reasons behind the low export-orientation of the PRD and tries to sugyst some ways for boosting the export-orientation of the PRD and tries to suggest some ways for boosting the export-orientation of the region.

关键词： export-oriented economy enterprise index policy Pearl River Delta

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The nature of IgA molecule in IgA nephropathy

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肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 1997年第6期6卷 3-11页

作者： kar　Neng　LAI and　Joseph　c.k.leungDepartment　of　Medicine,University　of　Hong　kong,Queen　Mary　Hospital,Hong　kongkeywords IgA　nephropathy IgA　molecule

ＴｈｅｎａｔｕｒｅｏｆＩｇＡｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅｉｎＩｇＡｎｅｐｈｒｏｐａｔｈｙＫａｒＮｅｎｇＬＡＩａｎｄＪｏｓｅｐｈＣ．Ｋ．ＬｅｕｎｇＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ，ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇ，... 详细信息

ＴｈｅｎａｔｕｒｅｏｆＩｇＡｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅｉｎＩｇＡｎｅｐｈｒｏｐａｔｈｙＫａｒＮｅｎｇＬＡＩａｎｄＪｏｓｅｐｈＣ．Ｋ．ＬｅｕｎｇＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ，ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇ，ＱｕｅｅｎＭａｒｙＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌ...

关键词： IgA The nature of IgA molecule in IgA nephropathy

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changes of tropical cyclone size in three oceanic basins of the northern hemisphere from 2001 to 2021

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第2期18卷 312-323页

作者： Banglin ZHANG Jeremy cheuk-Hin leung Shengyuan LIU Jianjun XU Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology/Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction CMAGuangzhou 510640China college of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020China college of Ocean and Meteorology Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China cMA-GDOU Joint Laboratory for Marine Meteorology&South china Sea Institute of Marine Meteorology Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China

In this study the changes of tropical cyclone(Tc)size from 2001 to 2021 are analyzed based on linear and quadratic curve fittings of the National Hurricane center(NHc)/Joint Typhoon Warning center(JTWc)best track data,based on the radius of maximum wind(RMW)and the average radius of 34-kt wind(AR34),in three oceanic basins of the North Atlantic(NATL),the Western North Pacific(WPAc)and the Eastern North Pacific(EPAc).The computations are done separately for two categories of tropical cyclones:tropical storms(TS)and hurricanes(HT).Size changes of landfalling and non-landfalling Tcs are also *** show that there is a great inter-basin variability among the changes in Tc *** conclusions include:1)overall,the inner cores of TSs have become larger in all three basins,with the increasing tendencies being significant in the NATL and WAPc,while those of HTs mostly get smaller or remain similar;2)meanwhile,comparatively large inter-basin differences are observed for the Tc outer core sizes,and the sizes of landfalling Tcs;3)particularly,a significant decrease in landfalling HT outer core size is observed over the EPAc;4)in contrast,significant increases in landfalling TS inner core size are found over the NATL and *** presented analysis results could benefit future research about Tc forecasts,storm surge studies,and the cyclone climate and its changes.

关键词： tropical cyclone storm size frequency intensity duration

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