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Prominent cycling reversibility and kinetics enabled by caTiO3 protective layer on Zn metal for aqueous Zn-ion batteries

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journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 245-258页

作者： Gaeun Lee Yong Nam Ahn Seongjoon So chanwoo park jong-Seong Bae Taehyun park Il Tae Kim jaehyun Hur School of chemical Biological and Battery Engineering Gachon University Seongnam Busan center Korea Basic Science Institute

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries （AZIBs） have received considerable attention owing to their various advantages such as safety,low cost,simple battery assembly conditions,and high ionic ***,they still suffer from serious problems,including uncontrollable dendrite growth,corrosion,hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） from water decomposition,electrode passivation,and unexpected *** creation of a uniform artificial nanocrystal layer on the Zn anode surface is a promising strategy for resolving these ***,we propose the use of a perovskite caTiO3（cTO） protective layer on Zn（cTO@Zn） as a promising approach for improving the performance of *** cTO artificial layer provides an efficient pathway for Zn ion diffusion towards the Zn metal because of the high dielectric constant （εr=180） and ferroelectric characteristics that enable the alignment of dipole moments and redistribute the Zn2+ions in the cTO *** avoiding the direct contact of the Zn anode with the electrolyte solution,the uneven dendrite growth,corrosion,parasitic side reactions,and HER are mitigated,while cTO retains its mechanical and chemical robustness during ***,cTO@Zn demonstrates an improved lifespan in a symmetric cell configuration compared with bare ***@Zn shows steady overpotential （～68 m V） for 1500 h at 1 mA cm-2/0.5 mA h cm-2,excelling bare ***,when paired with the V2O5-c cathode,the cTO@Zn//V2O5-c full battery delivers 148.4 mA h g-1（based on the mass of the cathode） after 300 *** study provides new insights into Zn metal anodes and the development of high-performance AZIBs.

关键词： Artificial layer Dielectric constant Zn metal anode Zinc aqueous battery

Influence of Te doping on the dielectric and optical properties of InBi crystals grown by directional freezing

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International journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第5期21卷 503-509页

作者： c.j. Ajayakumar A.G. Kunjomana crystal Research centre Department of PhysicsChrist University

Stoichiometric pure and tellurium （Te） doped indium bismuthide （InBi） were grown using the directional freezing technique in a fabricated furnace. The X-ray diffraction profiles identified the crystallinity and phase composition. The surface topographical features were observed by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The energy dispersive analysis by X-rays was performed to identify the atomic proportion of elements. Studies on the temperature dependence of dielectric constant （e）, loss tangent （tan6）, and Ac conductivity （cry） reveal the existence of a ferroelectric phase transition in the doped material at 403 K. When InBi is doped with tellurium （4.04 at%）, a band gap of 0.20 eV can be achieved, and this is confirmed using Fourier transform infrared studies. The results thus show the conversion of semimetallic InBi to a semiconductor with the optical properties suitable for use in infrared detectors.

关键词： crystals indium bismuthide tellurium doping optical properties dielectric properties phase transitions

Hot cracking in AZ31 and AZ61 Magnesium Alloy

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第7期27卷 633-640页

作者： c.j. Huang c.M. cheng c.P. chou F.H. chen Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan China Department of Industrial Education National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 106 Taiwan China

This paper examined the impact of the number of thermal cycles and augmented strain on hot cracking in AZ31 and AZ61 magnesium alloy. Statistical analyses were performed. Following observation using a scanning electron microscope （SEM）, an energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS） was used for component analysis. Results showed that Al content in magnesium alloy has an effect on hot cracking susceptibility. In addition, the nonequilibrium solidification process produced segregation in Al content, causing higher liquid Mg-alloy rich Al content at grain boundaries, and resulting into liquefied grain boundaries of partially melted zone （PMZ）. In summary, under multiple thermal cycles AZ61 produced serious liquation cracking. AZ61 has higher （6 wt%） Al content and produced much liquefied Mg17Al12 at grain boundaries under multiple thermal cycles. The liquefied Mg17Al12 were pulled apart and hot cracks formed at weld metal HAZ due to the augmented strain. Since AZ31 had half the Al content of AZ61, its hot-cracking susceptibility was lower than AZ61. In addition, AZ61 showed longer total crack length （TcL） in one thermal cycle compared to that in three thermal cycles. This phenomenon was possibly due to high-temperature gasification of Al during the welding process, which resulted in lower overall Al content. consequently, shorter hot cracks exhibited in three thermal cycles. It was found the Al content of AZ31 and AZ61 can be used to assess the hot-cracking susceptibility.

关键词： Varestraint test Thermal cycles Hot-cracking susceptibility Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) AZ31 AZ61

HYERS—ULAM—RASSIAS STABILITY OF QUADRATIc FUNcTIONAL EQUATIONS IN BANAcH MODULES OVER A c^＊—ALGEBRA

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chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2003年第2期24卷 261-266页

作者： c. park j. park j. SHIN Department of Mathematics Chungnam National University DaeJeon 305-764 South Korea.Department of Mathematics Chungnam National University DaeJeon 305-764 South Korea.Department of Mathematics Chungnam National University DaeJeon 305-764 South Korea.

The authors prove the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of the quadratic mapping in Banachmodules over a unital c*-algebra, and prove the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of the quadraticmapping in Banach modules over a unital... 详细信息

关键词： Stability B-quadratic Functional equation Banach module over Banach algebra

Non-contact evaluation of the resonant frequency of a microstructure using ultrasonic wave

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第2期26卷 317-323页

作者： X. Kang X. Y. He c.j. Tay c. Quan Department of Applied Mechanics Nanjing University of Science and Technology 210094 Nanjing China Institute of Engineering Mechanics Southeast University210096 Nanjing China Department of Mechanical Engineering National Universityof Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 117576 Singapore Singapore

This paper presents a novel non-contact method for evaluating the resonant frequency of a microstructure, Firstly, the microstructure under test is excited by ultrasonic waves. This excitation method does not impose any undefined load on the specimen like the electrostatic excitation and also this is the first actual use of ultrasonic wave for exciting a microstructure in the literature. Secondly, the amplitudes of the microstructure are determined by image edge detection using a Mexican hat wavelet transform on the vibrating images of the microstructure. The vibrating images are captured by a ccD camera when the microstructure is vibrated by ultrasonic waves at a series of discrete high frequencies （〉30 kHz）. Upon processing the vibrating images, the amplitudes at various excitation frequencies are obtained and an amplitude-frequency spectrum is obtained from which the resonant frequency is subsequently evaluated. A micro silicon structure consisting of a perforated plate （192 × 192 μm） and two cantilever beams （76 × 43 μm） which is about 4 μm thickness is tested. Since laser interferometry is not required, thermal effects on a test object can be avoided. Hence, the setup is relatively simple. Results show that the proposed method is a simple and effective approach for evaluating the dynamic characteristics of microstructures.

关键词： Non-contact Microstructure· Resonant frequency Ultrasonic wave Image processing

Scalable Ir-Doped NiFe₂O₄/TiO₂ Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized Saline Wastewater Treatment and H₂ Production

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NANO-MIcRO LETTERS 2025年第1期17卷 1-18页

作者： Hong, Sukhwa Kim, jiseon park, jaebeom Im, Sunmi Hoffmann, Michael R. cho, Kangwoo Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTEcH Div Environm Sci & Engn Pohang 790784 South Korea cALTEcH Linde Labs Pasadena CA 91125 USA Yonsei Univ Int campus Inst Convergence Res & Educ Adv Technol I CREATE Incheon 21983 South Korea

Wastewater electrolysis cells (WEcs) for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H-2 production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water, waste, and energy carrier. This study reports Ir-doped NiFe2O4 (NFI, similar to 5 at% Ir) spinel layer with TiO2 overlayer (NFI/TiO2), as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment cell. In dilute (0.1 M) Nacl solutions, the NFI/TiO2 marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction, outperforming the benchmark IrO2. Robust operation in near-neutral pH was confirmed. Electroanalyses including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO2 which serves both as the primary site for cl- chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic contact. Galvanostatic electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO2 not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH4+-to-N-2 conversion, but also enhances H-2 generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive chlorine. The scaled-up WEc with NFI/TiO2 was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.

关键词： Wastewater electrolysis cell Ir-doped NiFe2O4 Reactive chlorine species Decentralized H-2 production On-site wastewater treatment

Status and prospects for symmetric organic redox flow batteries

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journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： Md Al Raihan c.Adam Dyker Department of chemistry University of New Brunswick

As environmental concerns from fossil fuel consumption intensify, large-scale energy storage becomes imperative for the integration of renewable sources like wind, hydro, and solar with the electrical *** flow batteries, particularly those employing organic molecules, are positioned as a key technology for this purpose. This review explores the growing field of symmetric organic redox flow batteries(ORFBs) within this context. Unlike traditional asymmetric designs based on unique active materials for each electrode, symmetric ORFBs involve a single bipolar species for both electrodes. This review highlights the benefits of a symmetric design, and categorizes five distinct classes of organic bipolar molecules used in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. By providing a comprehensive overview of their cell cycling and performance characteristics, the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse categories of bipolar molecules are highlighted for both solvent systems, as are opportunities for future development. This should guide new research directions and advance the development of practical symmetric ORFBs.

关键词： Redox flow battery Symmetric battery Organic battery Aqueous electrolyte Non-aqueous electrolyte

Understanding and managing the morphology of branches incising into sand-clay deposits in the Dutch Rhine Delta

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International journal of Sediment Research 2013年第2期28卷 127-138页

作者： Kees SLOFF(c.j.) Ary VAN SPIjK Esther STOUTHAMER Arjan SIEBEN Deltares and Delft University of Technology PO Box 1772600MH Delftthe Netherlands Assis.Prof. Water management Rijkswaterstaat Zuid HollandPO Box 5563000 AN Rotterdamthe Netherlands Senior Advisor Utrecht University Faculty of GeosciencesPO Box 801153508 TCUtrechtthe Netherlands AssisProf. Water management Rijkswaterstaat Center for Water ManagementPO Box 178200 AA Lelystadthe Netherlands Senior Advisor

In the Rhine-Meuse delta in the south-western part of the Netherlands,the morphology of the river branches is highly dependent on the erodibility of the *** processes that were initiated after closure of the Haringvliet estuary branch by a dam(in 1970),caused a strong incision of several connecting *** to the geological evolution of this area the lithology of the subsoil shows large variations in highly erodible sand and poorly erodible peat and clay *** study shows how the geological information can be used to create 3D maps of the erodibility of the sub-soil, and how this information can be used to schematize the sub-soil in computational models for morphological *** incisement of sand patches between areas with poorly erodible bed causes deep scour holes,hence increasing the risk on river-bank instability(flow slides) and damage to constructions such as groynes,quays,tunnels, and *** types of mathematical models,ranging from 1D(SOBEK) to quasi-3D(Delft3D) have been applied to study the future development of the river bed and possible management *** results of these approaches demonstrate that models require inclusion of a layer-bookkeeping approach for sub-soil schematization, non-uniform sediment fractions(sand-mud),tidal and river-discharge boundary conditions,and capacity-reduction transport *** risk-reducing river management it has been shown how the development of the river bed can be addressed on a large scale and small *** instance,the use of sediment feeding and fixation of bed can be proposed for large-scale management,while monitoring and interventions at initiation of erosion can be proposed as response to small-scale developments that exceed predefined intervention levels.

关键词： River morphological modeling River-bed erodibility River management Erosion Bed stratigraphy Bank and dike stability Mathematical model

MIcROSTRUcTURE OF Mg-6.4Zn-1.1Y ALLOY FABRIcATED BY RAPID SOLIDIFIcATION AND REcIPROcATING EXTRUSION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2008年第1期21卷 30-36页

作者： Z.M. Zhang c.j. Xu X.F. Guo School of Materials Science ＆ Engineering Xi＇an University of Technology Xi＇an 710048 China

In order to explore the methods to prepare high-strength quasicrystal-reinforced magnesium alloys, the flakes of rapidly solidified Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y magnesium alloy with a thickness of 50-60μm were obtained by a melt spinning single-roller device, and the flakes were then processed into rods by reciprocating extrusion and direct extrusion. The microstructure of the alloy was analyzed by optical microscope and SEM, and the constituent phases were identified by XRD. Phase transformation and its onset temperature were determined by differential thermal analyzer （DTA）. The analysis result shows that rapid solidification for *** alloy can inhibit the eutectic reactions, broaden the solid solubility of Zn in α-Mg solute solution, and impede the formation of Mg3 Y2Zn3 and MgZn2 compounds, and thus help the icosahedral Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystal formed directly from the melt. The microstructure of the flakes consists of the α-Mg solid solution and icosahedral Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystal. Dense rods can be made from the flakes by two-pass reciprocating extrusion and direct extrusion. The interfaces between flakes in the rods can be welded and jointed perfectly. During the reciprocating extrusion and direct extrusion process, more Mg3 YZn6 compounds are precipitated and distributed uniformly, whereas the rods possess fine microstructures inherited from rapidly solidified flakes. The rods contain only two phases： α- magnesium solid solution as matrix and fine icosahedral Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystal which disperses uniformly in the matrix.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Rapid solidification Reciprocating extrusion Quasicrystal