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The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on the SMILE Mission

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： S.Sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli c.Bicknell c.Bouldin G.Branduardi-Raymont T.crawford J.P.Breuer T.Buggey G.Butcher R.canchal J.A.carter A.cheney y.collado-Vega h.connor T.crawford N.Eaton c.Feldman c.Forsyth T.Frantzen G.Galgóczi J.Garcia G.y.Genov c.Gordillo h-P.Gröbelbauer M.Guedel y.Guo M.hailey D.hall R.hampson J.hasiba O.hetherington A.holland S-y.hsieh M.w.J.hubbard h.Jeszenszky M.Jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-Mehrin S.Kögl S.Krucker K.D.Kuntz c.Lakin G.Laky O.Lylund A.Martindale J.Miguel Mas hesse R.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Østgaard h.Ottacher R.Ottensamer c.Pagani S.Parsons P.Patel J.Pearson G.Peikert F.S.Porter T.Pouliantis B.h.Qureshi w.Raab G.Randal A.M.Read N.M.M.Roque M.E.Rostad c.Runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov M.Soman D.Sibeck S.Smit J.Søndergaard R.Speight S.Stavland M.Steller TianRan Sun J.Thornhill w.Thomas K.Ullaland B.walsh D.walton c.wang S.yang School of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Space Park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria National Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain ESTEc European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands State Key Laboratory of Space weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl Space Gmbh CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Space Acoustics Gmbh CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied Sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov Solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway STM Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway John hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory MD 20723USA NASA/Goddard Space Flight centre MD 20771USA center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China centro de Astrobiologia(cAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)*** is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the chinese Academy of Sciences(cAS)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMILE *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar wind charge eXchange(SwcX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,china and the United States.

关键词： Soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area ccD

Supramolecular Polymerization of hydrogen-Bonded Trimers in Bulk and Aqueous Medium

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ccS chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1458-1465页

作者： Freek V.de Graaf Stef A.h.Jansen Sandra M.c.Schoenmakers Bas van Genabeek Marle E.J.Vleugels Bart w.L.van den Bersselaar E.w.Meijer Ghislaine Vantomme Institute for complex Molecular Systems Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhoven School of chemistry and RNA Institute University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052

Synthetic molecules that form functional noncovalent assemblies in water have received much attention for their potential applications as *** this work,we introduce a novel water-compatible monomer based on the phthalhydrazide moiety that assembles into hydrogen-bonded trimeric *** bulk,the material exhibits a cylindrical nanostructure in the liquid-crystalline phase at elevated temperatures,morphologically distinct from the crystalline lamellar *** water,these molecules effectively form cylinders in a one-dimensional fashion,yielding fibrous *** formation of these supramolecular polymers follows a cooperative mechanism,as evidenced by denaturation *** trimerized pattern represents a new category of aqueous su pramolecular polymers with future prospects for functional complex molecular systems.

关键词： noncovalent chemistry supramolecular polymers hydrogen bonding cooperativity nanostructure

Atomistic Investigation of Shock-Induced Amorphization within Micro-shear Bands in hexagonal close-Packed Titanium

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第9期37卷 1590-1600页

作者： Z.c.Meng K.G.wang T.Ali D.Li c.G.Bai D.S.Xu S.J.Li A.h.Feng G.J.cao J.h.yao Q.B.Fan h.wang R.yang Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Interdisciplinary centre for Additive Manufacturing(IcAM) School of Materials and ChemistryUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Key Laboratory for Light-weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials Under Shock and Impact School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Technology chongqing Innovation center Chongqing 401135China

The mechanical response of a single crystal titanium sample against(0001)α surface impact was investigated using molecular dynamics ***,non-uniform plastic deformation was observed in the *** high strain rates,amorphization occurred near the edge of the contact region where severe shear strain induced a large number of stacking faults(SFs)and *** contrast,the central part of the contact region underwent less deformation with significantly fewer ***,instead of amorphization by consuming SFs and dislocations,there was a gradual increase in the density of dislocations and SFs during the process of *** local amorphous regions eventually grew into shear bands.

关键词： Shock compression Amorphization Shear band Titanium Molecular dynamics

Macroalgal deep genomics illuminate multiple paths to aquatic,photosynthetic multicellularity

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 747-771页

作者： David R.Nelson Alexandra Mystikou Ashish Jaiswal cecilia Rad-Menendez Michael J.Preston Frederik De Boever Diana c.El Assal Sarah Daakour Michael w.Lomas Jean-claude Twizere David h.Green william c.Ratcliff Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani Division of Science and Math New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE center for Genomics and Systems Biology(cGSB) New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Biotechnology Research center Technology Innovation InstitutePO Box 9639Masdar CityAbu DhabiUAE culture collection of Algae and Protozoa Scottish Association for Marine ScienceObanScotlandUK National center for Marine Algae and Microbiota Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesEast BoothbayMEUSA Laboratory of Viral Interactomes GIGA InstituteUniversity of LiegeLiegeBelgium School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Macroalgae are multicellular,aquatic autotrophs that play vital roles in global climate maintenance and have diverse applications in biotechnology and eco-engineering,which are directly linked to their multicellularity ***,their genomic diversity and the evolutionary mechanisms underlying multicellularity in these organisms remain *** this study,we sequenced 110 macroalgal genomes from diverse climates and phyla,and identified key genomic features that distinguish them from their microalgal *** for cell adhesion,extracellular matrix formation,cell polarity,transport,and cell differentiation distinguish macroalgae from microalgae across all three major phyla,constituting conserved and unique gene sets supporting multicellular *** genes show phylum-and climate-specific expansions that may facilitate niche ***,our study reveals genetic determinants of convergent and divergent evolutionary trajectories that have shaped morphological diversity in macroalgae and provides genome-wide frameworks to understand photosynthetic multicellular evolution in aquatic environments.

关键词： macroalgae multicellularity comparative genomics evolution adhesome endogenous viral elements

Ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group calculations for neutron-rich P,cl,and K isotopes

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chinese Physics c 2024年第7期48卷 181-190页

作者：谢萌冉沈留媛李健国李红蕙袁琪左维 Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Neutron-rich P,cl,and K isotopes,particularly those with neutron numbers of approximately N=28,have attracted extensive experimental and theoretical *** utilize the ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group approach,based on chiral nucleon-nucleon and three-nucleon forces,to investigate the exotic properties of these *** calculations of the low-lying spectra are performed.A key finding is the level inversion between 3/2_(1)^(+)and 1/2_(1)^(+)states in odd-A isotopes,attributed to the inversion ofπ0xod_(3/2) andπls_(1/2) single-particle *** ab initio calculations,which incorporate the three-nucleon forces,correlate closely with existing experimental *** calculations of effective proton single-particle energies provide deeper insights into the shell evolution for Z=14 and 16 *** results indicate that the three-body force plays important roles in the shell evolution for Z=14 and 16 sub-shells with neutron numbers ranging from 20 to ***,systematic ab initio calculations are conducted for the low-lying spectra of odd-odd *** results correspond with experimental data and provide new insights for future research into these isotopes up to and beyond the drip line.

关键词： ab initio calculations shell evolution low-lying spectra

Pulsed laser interference patterning of transition-metal carbides for stable alkaline water electrolysis kinetics

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carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 65-80页

作者： yewon Oh Jayaraman Theerthagiri Ahreum Min cheol Joo Moon yiseul yu Myong yong choi Department of chemistry(BK21 FOUR) Research Institute of Natural SciencesGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea core−Facility center for Photochemistry and Nanomaterials Gyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea

we investigated the role of metal atomization and solvent decomposition into reductive species and carbon clusters in the phase formation of transition-metal carbides(TMcs;namely,co_(3)c,Fe_(3)c,Tic,and Moc)by pulsed laser ablation of co,Fe,Ti,and Mo metals in *** interaction between carbon s-p-orbitals and metal d-orbitals causes a redistribution of valence structure through charge transfer,leading to the formation of surface defects as observed by X-ray photoelectron *** defects influence the evolved TMcs,making them effective for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions(hER and OER)in an alkaline ***_(3)c with more oxygen affinity promoted coO(Oh)intermediates,and the electrochemical surface oxidation to co_(3)O_(4)was captured via in situ/operando electrochemical Raman probes,increasing the number of active sites for OER *** with more d-vacancies exhibits strong hydrogen binding,promoting hER kinetics,whereas Fe_(3)c and Tic with more defect states to trap charge carriers may hinder both OER and hER *** results show that the assembled membrane-less electrolyzer with co_(3)c∥co_(3)c and Moc∥Moc electrodes requires~2.01 and 1.99 V,respectively,to deliver a 10 mA cm−2 with excellent electrochemical and structural *** addition,the ascertained pulsed laser synthesis mechanism and unit-cell packing relations will open up sustainable pathways for obtaining highly stable electrocatalysts for electrolyzers.

关键词： acetone h_(2)and O_(2)evolution reactions pulsed laser ablation surface defects transition-metal carbides water electrolyzer

Groundwater vulnerability assessment using a GIS-based DRASTIc method in the Erbil Dumpsite area (Kani Qirzhala), central Erbil Basin, North Iraq

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 16-33页

作者： Masoud h hamed Rebwar N Dara Marios c Kirlas Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum College of ScienceSalahaddin University-ErbilErbilIraq Department of Petroleum Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbilIraq Department of Agriculture Faculty of AgricultureForestry and Natural EnvironmentAristotle University of Thessaloniki

Groundwater vulnerability assessment is a crucial step in the efficient management of groundwater resources,especially in areas with intensive anthropogenic activities and groundwater *** the present study,the DRASTIc method was applied using Geographic Information System(GIS)to delineate groundwater vulnerability zones in the Erbil Dumpsite area,central Erbil Basin,North *** showed that the area was classified into four vulnerability classes:Very low(16.97%),low(27.67%),moderate(36.55%)and high(18.81%).The southern,south-eastern and northern parts of the study area exhibited the highest vulnerability potential,while the central-northern,northern and north-western regions displayed the lowest vulnerability ***,results of the single-parameter sensitivity analysis indicated that amongst the seven DRASTIc parameters,the unsaturated zone and the aquifer media were the most influencing *** conclustion,the correlation of 25 nitrate concentration values with the final vulnerability map,assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient,yielded a satisfactory result of R=0.72.

关键词： DRASTIc Erbil Iraq Groundwater vulnerability assessment Nitrate Pollution Sensitivity analysis

Organic X-Ray Image Sensors Using a Medium Bandgap Polymer Donor with Low Dark current

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 230-237页

作者： Jong-woon ha Seung hun Eom Bo Kyung cha Seyeong Song hyeong Ju Eun Jong h.Kim Jong Mok Park BongSoo Kim Byoungwook Park Seo-Jin Ko Sung cheol yoon changjin Lee In hwan Jung Do-hoon hwang Department of chemistry Chemistry Institute for Functional MaterialsPusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea Division of Advanced Energy Materials Research center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Korea Electro-Medical Device Research center Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute(KERI)Ansan 15588Korea Graduate School of carbon Neutrality School of Energy and Chemical EngineeringUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Korea Department of Molecular Science and Technology Ajou UniversitySuwon 16449Korea Research center for Advanced Specialty chemicals Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyUlsan 44412Korea Department of chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Korea Department of Organic and Nano Engineering Human-Tech Convergence ProgramHanyang University222 Wangsimni-roSeongdong-guSeoul 04763Korea

The development of portable X-ray detectors is necessary for diagnosing fractures in unconscious patients in emergency ***,this is quite challenging because of the heavy weight of the scintillator and silicon *** weight and thickness of X-ray detectors can be reduced by replacing the silicon layer with an organic *** study presents a novel bithienopyrroledione-based polymer donor that exhibits excellent photodetection properties even in a thick photoactive layer(~700 nm),owing to the symmetric backbone and highly soluble molecular structure of *** ability of bithienopyrroledione-based polymer donor to strongly suppress the dark current density(Jd~10−10 A cm^(−2))at a negative bias(−2.0 V)while maintaining high responsivity(R=0.29 A w−1)even at a thickness of 700 nm results in a maximum shot-noise-limited specific detectivity of D_(sh)^(*)=2.18×10^(13)Jones in the organic *** organic photodetectors are developed by slot-die coating for use in X-ray detectors,which exhibit D_(sh)^(*)=2.73×10^(12)Jones with clear rising(0.26 s)and falling(0.29 s)response times upon X-ray *** reliability is also proven by linear response of the X-ray detector,and the X-ray detection limit is 3 mA.

关键词： low dark current low detection limit organic photodetector printable X-ray

Lower limb balance,ankle dorsiflexion,orofacial tissue pressure,and occlusal force of rugby players

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Sports Medicine and health Science 2024年第2期6卷 173-178页

作者： Rafael R.Machado Marcelo Palinkas Paulo B.de Vasconcelos Sara Gollino Veridiana w.Arnoni Marcos Vinicios R.Prandi Isabela h.Regalo Selma Siessere Simone c.h.Regalo School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao PauloBrazil National Institute for Translational Medicine(INcT-TM) Ribeirao PretoBrazil

This cross-sectional study examined the lower limb balance,ankle dorsiflexion,orofacial tissue pressure,and occlusal strength of rugby ***-six participants were divided into groups:rugby players(n=13)and healthy sedentary adults(n=13).Participants underwent an analysis of lower limb balance using a composite score(y-Balance Test).Ankle dorsiflexion was measured using the Lunge *** Iowa Oral Performance Instrument was employed to measure orofacial tissue *** force was measured with a dynamometer,and T-Scan assessed occlusal contact *** were analyzed using the t-test(pcOVA with age and weight as covariates,where it is possible to verify that these factors did not influence the results *** differences were observed in the balance of the right(p=0.07)and left(p=0.02)lower limbs,where rugby players had lower composite *** were significant differences in the right(p=0.005)and left(p=0.004)lunges,with rugby players showing lower values,as well as lower tongue pressure(p=0.01)and higher lip pressure(p=0.03),with significant differences to sedentary *** was no significant difference in molar bite force and distribution occlusal contacts between *** seems to reduce lower limb displacement,cause ankle hypomobility,lead to changes in orofacial tissues,particularly the tongue and *** study is significant for identifying significant differences between rugby players and sedentary individuals,providing new insights into the impact of rugby on health and performance,which can benefit sports training and injury prevention.

关键词： Rugby y-balance test Lunge test Orofacial tissues Occlusal force