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香椿的树木年轮宽度与超年生殖行为的相互关系:对树轮学研究的警示

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第1期17卷 165-171页

作者： Monique Silva costa Thaís Jorge de Vasconcellos claudio Sergio Lisi Arno fritz Neves Brandes Mario Tomazello-Filho cátia Henriques callado Instituto de Aplicação Fernando Rodrigues da Silveira Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRua Barão de Itapagipe96.Rio Comprido 20261-005Rio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRua São Francisco Xavier524Maracanã20550-013Rio de JaneiroBrazil Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de SergipeAv.Marechal Rondon s/n-Rosa Elze.São Cristóvão 49100-000SergipeBrazil Departamento de Biologia Geral Universidade Federal FluminenseRua Prof.Marcos Waldemar de Freitas ReisS/N.Gragoatá24210-201Rio de JaneiroBrazil Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Universidade de São PauloAv.Pádua Dias11.Piracicaba 13418-900São PauloBrazil

资源分配到生殖过程涉及到生态和进化因素,可能会减少植物的营养生长。这种相互关系在自然界中不容易观察到,因为有许多参数可以限制生殖结构的产生或生物量的增加。我们将香椿(cedrela odorata L.,楝科)在里约热内卢州大西洋森林中的... 详细信息

资源分配到生殖过程涉及到生态和进化因素,可能会减少植物的营养生长。这种相互关系在自然界中不容易观察到,因为有许多参数可以限制生殖结构的产生或生物量的增加。我们将香椿(cedrela odorata L.,楝科)在里约热内卢州大西洋森林中的树木年轮宽度与超年生殖行为相关联。总体而言,生殖结构的发育发生在湿润的年份,在生长季初期没有出现水分亏缺。然而,在这些年份,树木年轮宽度较小。这些结果可能与树木年轮宽度与当地气候之间缺乏相关性有关。因此,我们强调在径向生长研究中纳入生殖数据的重要性,以扩大对热带森林生长变异性的理解。

关键词：植物生长策略树木年轮学树木生态学生殖权衡

ca^(2+) binding to the c_(2)E domain of otoferlin is required for hair cell exocytosis and hearing

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Protein & cell 2024年第4期15卷 305-312页

作者： Han chen Mehar Monga Qinghua Fang Loujin Slitin Jakob Neef Shashank S.chepurwar Regina célia Mingroni Netto Karina Lezirovitz Alfredo Tabith,Jr. fritz Benseler Nils Brose Kathrin Kusch carolin Wichmann Nicola Strenzke Barbara Vona Julia Preobraschenski Tobias Moser Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany collaborative Research center 889 University of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Auditory Neuroscience and Synaptic Nanophysiology Group Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences37075 GöttingenGermany Göttingen Graduate center for Neurosciences Biophysics and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Biochemistry of Membrane Dynamics Group Institute for Auditory NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Molecular Architecture of Synapses Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Auditory Systems Physiology Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva Centro de Pesquisas sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-TroncoInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-220Brazil Laboratório de Otorrinolaringologia/LIM32 Faculdade de MedicinaHospital das ClínicasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSP 05508-220Brazil DERDIc Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-220Brazil Department of Molecular Neurobiology Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences37075 GöttingenGermany Multiscale Bioimaging cluster of Excellence(MBExc) University of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Functional Auditory Genomics Group Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics LaboratoryGerman Primate Center37077 GöttingenGermany Hearing Genomics Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Institute of Human Genetics University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany

Dear Editor,Afferent synapses of cochlear inner hair cells(IHcs)employ a unique molecular machinery(see extended background in Supplementary Materials).Otoferlin is a key player in this machinery and its defects cause human auditory synaptopathy(Moser and Starr,2016).Otoferlin,a tail-anchored(Vogl et al.,2016)multi-c_(2)-domain protein(Fig.1Ai)specific to hair cells(Roux et al.,2006),is a member of the ferlin protein family involved in membrane trafficking and repair that are of major disease relevance(Pangršičet al.,2012),also see Supplementary *** is distributed broadly within IHcs(Fig.2Ai-Aiii;Pangrsic et al.,2010;Roux et al.,2006).

关键词： auditory hair

Assessing the Efficacy of Lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus) and Sambong (Blumea balsamifera) Extracts in combating Black Pod Disease: Sustainable Solutions for controlling Phytophthora megakarya in cameroon’s cocoa Plantations

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 519-537页

作者： Gertrude Membang James Michel Tchotet Tchoumi Godswill Ntsomboh Ntsefong Emmanuel Yvan Mba Ela Sylvere Landry Lontsi Dida Ludovic Tchuenkam Tsango Pascal Loïc Ekango Mbondjo fritz Oben Tabi Innovative Plant Health Laboratory Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FASA)-Bafia Annex University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon IDepartment of Plant Biology Faculty of Science University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Laboratory of Phytopathology and crop Protection Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FASA) University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

The use of plant extracts as antifungal agents is gaining increasing attention, particularly for the control of black pod disease in cocoa. Despite extensive research, current strategies haven’t been entirely effective. This study evaluated the effectiveness of cymbopogon citratus and Blumea balsamifora leaf extracts, both individually and in combination, against Phytophthora megakarya. We assessed the efficacy of the most promising combination (75% B. balsamifera, 25% c. citratus) after storage at room temperature for up to 9 days. Agar microdilution and in vivo bioassays were conducted to determine antifungal susceptibility and effectiveness. Blumea extract exhibited the highest overall inhibitory activity, with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (117 µl mL−1) while c. citratus had a narrower range of MIc (146 to 233 µl mL−1). The combination of c. citratus and B. balsamifera demonstrated a synergistic effect against P. megakarya, achieving growth inhibition on V8 media (92.72 ± 4.20% to 100%) and on artificially infected detached pod cortex (92.24 ± 4.53% to 98.75 ± 1.25%), which was not significantly different from the positive control (Ridomil). Furthermore, this combination maintained its effectiveness for up to 9 days at room temperature. These findings suggest that combining plant extracts can enhance their antifungal properties.

关键词： Plant Extracts Antifungal Agents Synergistic Effect Black Pod Disease cocoa

Ab initio energetic study of oxide ceramics with rare-earth elements

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Rare Metals 2006年第5期25卷 549-555页

作者： Matvei Zinkevich fritz Aldinger Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung Institut für Nichtmetallische Anorganische MaterialienUniversitt StuttgartHeisenbergstrasse 3D-70569 StuttgartGermany

Ab initio energetic calculations based on the density functional theory （DFF） and the projector augmented wave method （PAW） for determining the polymorphisms of lanthanide sesquioxides Ln2O3 （where Ln = rare-earth element, Y, and Sc）, LnMO3 perovskites （where M = AI and Ga）, and Ln2B207 pyrochlores （where B = Ti, Zr, and Hf） were reported. The relative lattice stabilities agreed well with the critically assessed results or the experimental results except the c-type Ln2O3 with a cubic structure, for which the calculated total energies were considerably more negative. With the increase of the Ln^3＋-cation radius, the polymorphic structures showed a degenerative tendency. The tendencies and quantities of the enthalpies of formation of the ternary oxide ceramics synthesized from their constituent binary oxides reasonably agreed with the available experimental results, and valuable thermodynamic properties were afforded to the compound, for which no experimental data is available. The enthalpies of formation of both perovskites and pyrochlores tend to become more negative with the increase of the Ln^3＋-cation radius.

关键词： rare earth oxide ceramics ab initio calculation lattice stability enthalpy of formation

Biophoton Emission as a Potential Measure of Organizational Order

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Science china chemistry 1994年第9期37卷 1099-1112页

作者：顾樵 Popp fritz-Albert Also in Department of Physics Northwest University Xi'an 710069 PRC International Institute of Biophysics Technology Centre 67661 Kaiserslautern Germany

Beginning with the quantum theory of biophoton emission,a c-number equation character- izing the excited-state dynamics of a complex system of collective biomolecules in interaction with both the 'pumping'field and the biophoton field is presented,and then the order-growth process of the system in terms of both determinism and statistics is investigated.A general expression describing the order-growth dynamics of biological systems,which reduces in a limiting case to the well-known growth curve,is ob~ *** a Fokker-Planck equation for probability density function of an order parameter q of the system has been *** solution predicts that the system under consideration can evolute from an arbitrary initial state to a pure state characterized by the steady-state order parameter q_***,the evolution of the maximum entropy of the system is discussed,which shows that the system investigated is to keep an absolute maximum of entropy,and at the same time,to minimize its entropy value by reducing the uncertain- ty of the order ***,some agreements of the theoretical results with the corresponding experi- mental observations of order-growth process demonstrated by the biophoton emission are shown,which indi- cates that biophoton emission may serve as a potential measure of the organizational order.

关键词： biophoton emission complex system nonlinear dynamics organizational order maximum entropy

Long-term seasonal fluctuations of lepidopteran cereal stemborers and their natural enemies on maize and wild host plants in southern Benin

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Insect Science 2009年第4期16卷 329-341页

作者： Saka Gounou Nanqing Jiang fritz Schulthess International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Biological Control Centre for Africa Cotonou Repubfic of Benin Intemational centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology Nairobi Kenya

The seasonal fluctuation oflepidoptcran cereal stemborers on maize and wild host plants （i.e., grasses and a few sedges） was investigated in southern Benin from 1988 to 1998 by time series analysis and repeated-measures analysis of variance （ANOVA）. In addition, a walk-in light trap was used to study the flight behavior of adult moths. On both cereals and grasses, the noctuid Sesamia calaraistis was the predominant species, followed by the pyralid Eldana saccharina. The noctuid Busseolafusca was rare on both maize and wild host plants. In general, pest populations increased during the course of the year to reach peak densities during the second short rainy season, and then crashed to close to zero during the dry season. On wild host plants, egg masses and other immature stages were collected throughout the year but they were higher on wild grasses than maize during the off-season. Thus wild host plants can be considered as refuge for both borers and natural enemies during the off-season, when maize is not available. However, only four out of the eleven wild host species played a discernable role. S. calamistis egg densities appeared to be influenced by density-dependent factors, suggesting an effect of natural enemies. Temperature and rainfall had a negative effect on egg abundance. Larval parasitism by a Kenyan strain of the braconid cotesia sesamiae, which was released in southern Benin in the early 1990s, and by the tachinid Sturmiopsisparasitica varied between seasons and years but there were no discernable patterns. For both parasitoids and borer host species, parasitism was positively correlated with trap catches of adult moths. The recovery of c. sesamiae during a 2-year period suggests that the parasitoid has established its population in southern Benin.

关键词： climate lepidopteran stemborers maize parasitoids time series analysis wild host plants

Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Modeling of Mechanical Behavior for Vertically Aligned carbon Nanotube Turfs

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第4期27卷 301-308页

作者： Mohammad Al-Khedher charles Pezeshki Jeanne Mchale fritz Knorr Mechatronics Division Al-Balqa Applied University School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University Department of chemistry Washington State University

Several characterization methods have been developed to investigate the mechanical and structural properties of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes （VAcNTs）. Establishing analytical models at nanoscale to interpret these properties is complicated due to the nonuniformity and irregularity in quality of as-grown samples. In this paper, we propose a new methodology to investigate the correlation between indentation resistance of multi-wall carbon nanotube （MWcNT） turfs, Raman spectra and the geometrical properties of the turf structure using adaptive neuro-fuzzy phenomenological modeling. This methodology yields a novel approach for modeling at the nanoscale by evaluating the effect of structural morphologies on nanomaterial properties using Raman spectroscopy.

关键词： Adaptive neuro-fuzzy carbon nanotubes Image analysis Nanoindentation Raman spectroscopy

Neuronal injury in the motor cortex after chronic stroke and lower limb motor impairment: a voxelbased lesion symptom mapping study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第7期9卷 766-772页

作者： Alexandria M.Reynolds Denise M.Peters Jennifer M.c.Vendemia Lenwood P.Smith Raymond c.Sweet Gordon c.Baylis Debra Krotish Stacy L.fritz Department of Psychology Barnwell College University of South Carolina Department of Exercise Science University of South Carolina Department of Psychology University of South Carolina Neurosurgery center University of South Carolina School of Medicine Western Kentucky University University of South carolina School of Medicine

Many studies have examined motor impairments using voxel-based lesion symptom mapping, but few are reported regarding the corresponding relationship between cerebral cortex injury and lower limb motor impairment analyzed using this technique. This study correlated neuro- nal injury in the cerebral cortex of 16 patients with chronic stroke based on a voxel-based lesion symptom mapping analysis. Neuronal injury in the corona radiata, caudate nucleus and putamen of patients with chronic stroke could predict walking speed. The behavioral measure scores were consistent with motor deficits expected after damage to the cortical motor system due to stroke. These findings suggest that voxel-based lesion symptom mapping may provide a more accurate prognosis of motor recovery from chronic stroke according to neuronal injury in cerebral motor cortex.

关键词： nerve regeneration magnetic resonance imaging stroke cerebral cortex motor cortex voxel-based lesion symptom mapping motor function prognosis neural regeneration

Effects of cryogenic temperature on tensile and impact properties in a medium-entropy VcoNi alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第31期90卷 159-167页

作者： Dae cheol Yang Yong Hee Jo Yuji Ikeda fritz Kormann Seok Su Sohn Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University02841 SeoulSouth Korea Metallic Materials Division Korea Institute of Materials Science51508 ChangwonSouth Korea Institute for Materials Science University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569 StuttgartGermany Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung Max-Planck-Straβe 140237 DüsseldorfGermany Department of Materials Science and Engineering Delft University of TechnologyMekelweg 22628 CD DelftThe Netherlands

Multi-principal element alloys usually exhibit outstanding strength and toughness at cryogenic temperatures,especially in crMnFecoNi and crcoNi *** remarkable cryogenic properties are attributed to the occurrence of deformation twins,and it is envisaged that a reduced stacking fault energy(SFE)transforms the deformation mechanisms into advantageous properties at cryogenic temperatures.A recently reported high-strength VcoNi alloy is expected to exhibit further notable cryogenic ***,no attempt has been made to investigate the cryogenic properties in detail as well as the underlying deformation ***,the effects of cryogenic temperature on the tensile and impact properties are investigated,and the underlying mechanisms determining those properties are revealed in terms of the temperature dependence of the yield strength and deformation *** the strength and ductility were enhanced at 77 K compared to 298 K,while the charpy impact toughness gradually decreased with *** planar dislocation glides remained unchanged at 77 K in contrast to the crMnFecoNi and crcoNi alloys resulting in a relatively constant and slightly increasing SFE as the temperature decreased,which is confirmed via ab initio ***,the deformation localization near the grain boundaries at 298 K changed into a homogeneous distribution throughout the whole grains at 77 K,leading to a highly sustained strain hardening *** reduced impact toughness is directly related to the decreased plastic zone size,which is due to the reduced dislocation width and significant temperature dependence of the yield strength.

关键词： Medium-entropy alloy cryogenic temperature Tensile property charpy impact property Stacking fault energy